Abstract
Cognitive therapy has been influenced by a variety of theories of psychopathology and the process of therapy. At the theoretical level, it has been primarily influenced by three sources: (1) the phenomenological approach to psychology, (2) structural theory and depth psychology, and (3) cognitive psychology. The “phenomenological” approach to psychology is rooted in Greek Stoic philosophy. It maintains that one’s view of self and one’s personal world largely determine behavior. This concept appears in Kant’s (1798) emphasis on conscious subjective experience and in the more contemporary writings of Adler (1936), Alexander (1950), Homey (1950), and Sullivan (1953).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adler, A. (1936). The neurotic's picture of the world. International Journal of Individual Psychology, 2, 3-10. Alexander, F. (1950). Psychosomatic medicine: Its principles and applications. New York: Norton. Bandura, A. (1977a). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Bandura, A. (1977b). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavior change. Psychological Review, 84, 191 - 215.
Beck, A. T. (1963). Thinking and depression: L Idiosyncratic content and cognitive distortions. Archives of General Psychiatry, 9, 324 - 333.
Beck, A. T. (1964). Thinking and depression: 2. Theory and therapy. Archives of General Psychiatry, 10, 56 1571
Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York: Hoeber. (Re- published as Depression: Causes and treatment. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1972). Beck, A. T. (1976). Cognitive therapy and the emotional disorders. New York: International Universities Press.
Beck, A. T., and Rush, A. J. (1978). Cognitive approaches to depression and suicide. In G. Serban (Ed.), Cognitive defects in the development of mental illness (published under the auspices of the Kittay Scientific Foundation). New York: Bruner/Mazel.
Beck, A. T., Schuyler, D., and Herman, I. (1974). Development of the suicidal intent scales. In A. T. Beck, H. L. P. Resnik, and D. J. Lettieri (Eds.), The prediction of suicide (pp. 45 - 56 ).
Bowie, MD: Charles Press. Beck, A. T., Weissman, A., Lester, D., and Trexler, L. (1974). The measurement of pessimism: The Hope- lessness Scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 861 - 865.
Beck, A. T., Kovacs, M., and Weissman, A. (1979). Assessment of suicidal intention: The Scale for Suicidal Ideation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 47, 343 - 352.
Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F., and Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. New York: Guilford Press.
Beck, A. T., and Emery, G. (1985). Anxiety and phobias: A cognitive approach. New York: Basic
Books. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., Kovacs, M., and Garrison, B. (1985). Hopelessness and eventual suicide: A 10 year study of patients hospitalized with suicidal ideation. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 559 - 563
Clark, D. M., and Beck, A. T. (1988). Cognitive approaches. In C. G. Last, and M. Hersen (Eds.), Handbook of anxiety disorders (pp. 362 - 385 ). New York: Pergamon.
Dobson, K. S. (in press). A meta-analysis of the efficacy of cognitive therapy for depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology.
Drake, R. E., and Cotton, P. G. (1986). Depression, hopelessness, and suicide in chronic schizophrenics. British Journal of Psychiatry, 148, 554 - 559.
Durham, R. C., and Turvey, A. A. (1988). Cognitive therapy versus behavioral therapy in the treatment of chronic and general anxiety: Outcome at discharge and at six-month follow-up. Behavior Therapy and Research, pp. 229 - 234.
Ellis, A. (1962). Reason and emotion in psychotherapy. New York: Lyle Stuart.
Ernst, D. (1987). A review of systematic studies of the cognitive model of depression. Unpublished manuscript, Center for Cognitive Therapy, Philadelphia.
Fawcett, J., Scheftner, W., Clark, D., Hedeker, D., Gibbons, R., and Coryell, W. (1987). Clinical predictors of suicide in patients with major affective disorder: A controlled prospective study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 35 - 40.
Homey, K. (1950). Neurosis and human growth: The struggle toward self-realization. New York: Norton. Kant, I. (1798). The classification of mental disorders. Konigsberg, Germany: Nicholovius.
Kelly, G. (1955). The psychology of personal constructs. New York: Norton.
Lazarus, R. (1984). On the primacy of cognition. American Psychologist, 39 (2), 124 - 129.
Lindsay, W. R., Gamsu, C. V., McLaughlin, E., Hood, E. M., and Espie, C. A. (1987). A controlled trial of treatment for generalized anxiety. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 26, 3 - 15.
Mahoney, M. J. (1974). Cognition and behavior modification. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
Mahoney, M. J. (1977). Reflections on the cognitive-learning trend in psychotherapy. American Psychologist, 32, 5 - 13.
Rush, A. J., Beck, A. T., Kovacs, M., and Hollon, S. (1977). Comparative efficacy of cognitive therapy and imipramine in the treatment of depressed outpatients. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1,17-37. Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York: Norton.
Young, J. E. ( 1983, August). Borderline personality: Cognitive theory and treatment. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Psychological Association.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Beck, A.T., Weishaar, M. (1989). Cognitive Therapy. In: Freeman, A., Simon, K.M., Beutler, L.E., Arkowitz, H. (eds) Comprehensive Handbook of Cognitive Therapy. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9779-4_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9779-4_2
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-9781-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4757-9779-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive