Abstract
Rape is a traumatic event often followed by emotional reactions that can severely disrupt daily functioning. The responses following rape have been labeled posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a relatively new diagnostic entity that was introduced in the DSM-III as an anxiety disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 1980). In the revised manual (DSM-III-R; American Psychiatric Association, 1987), the characteristic symptoms of the disorder were divided into three classes: (a) reexperiencing of the traumatic event (e.g., nightmares, flashbacks, intense emotional distress when exposed to reminders of the trauma); (b) avoidance and numbing (e.g., avoidance of thoughts and reminders of the trauma, psychogenic amnesia, detachment); and (c) increased arousal (e.g., sleep disturbance, trouble concentrating, hypervigilance, exaggerated startle response, physiologic reactivity upon exposure to events that resemble the traumatic event).
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Dancu, C.V., Foa, E.B. (1992). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. In: Freeman, A., Dattilio, F.M. (eds) Comprehensive Casebook of Cognitive Therapy. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9777-0_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9777-0_7
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