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A Developmental Model of Self-Inflicted Injury, Borderline Personality, and Suicide Risk

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Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology

Abstract

Self-injurious behaviors, including nonsuicidal self-injury and suicide attempts, have long been of interest to social scientists. Although self-inflicted injury is the single best predictor of eventual suicide, and is engaged in by many who develop borderline personality disorder, existing models are primarily descriptive. We present an etiological model of self-inflicted injury, borderline personality development, and suicide risk in which specific biological vulnerabilities (genetic, neurobiological) interact with environmental risk factors (family coercion, invalidation, peer group contagion) to increase the likelihood of self-injury. This model emphasizes both trait impulsivity, which is almost entirely heritable, and emotion dysregulation, which is largely socialized, in promoting self-injury as a coping mechanism for intrapersonally overwhelming negative affect. Alone, neither trait impulsivity nor emotion dysregulation are sufficient to result in self-injury. In combination, however, they likely comprise a primary pathway to self-injury, borderline personality development, and suicide risk.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. George E. Wahlen, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 500 Foothill Drive, Salt Lake City, UT, 84148, USA

    Christina M. Derbidge Ph.D.

  2. Department of Psychology, The Ohio State University, 233 Psychology Building, 1835 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA

    Theodore P. Beauchaine Ph.D.

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  1. Christina M. Derbidge Ph.D.
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  2. Theodore P. Beauchaine Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Theodore P. Beauchaine Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for the Study of Child Development, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

    Michael Lewis

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois, USA

    Karen D. Rudolph

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Derbidge, C.M., Beauchaine, T.P. (2014). A Developmental Model of Self-Inflicted Injury, Borderline Personality, and Suicide Risk. In: Lewis, M., Rudolph, K. (eds) Handbook of Developmental Psychopathology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9608-3_26

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