Skip to main content

New Augmented Reality Taxonomy: Technologies and Features of Augmented Environment

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Handbook of Augmented Reality

Abstract

This article has a dual aim: firstly to define augmented reality (AR) environments and secondly, based on our definition, a new taxonomy enabling these environments to be classified. After briefly reviewing existing classifications, we define AR by its purpose, ie. to enable someone to create sensory-motor and cognitive activities in a new space combining the real environment and a virtual environment. Below we present our functional taxonomy of AR environments. We divide these environments into two distinct groups. The first concerns the different functionalities enabling us to discover and understand our environment, an augmented perception of reality. The second corresponds to applications whose aim is to create an artificial environment. Finally, more than a functional difference, we demonstrate that it is possible to consider that both types of AR have a pragmatic purpose. The difference therefore seems to lie in the ability of both types of AR to free themselves or not of location in time and space.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    Adaptors transfer data from one world to the other and may be the system’s input or output.

References

  1. E. Kant, Kritik der reinen vernunft, J.F Hartknoch. Critique de la raison pure. éd. Riga (trad. fr. Delamarre, A. et Marty F.). Gallimard, Paris, 1980, 1781-1787.

    Google Scholar 

  2. M. Auvray and P. Fuchs, “Perception, immersion et interaction sensorimotrices en environnement virtuel,” In A. Grumbach & E. Klinger (Eds.), Réalité Virtuelle et Cognition. Numéro spécial de Intellectica, vol. 45, no. 1, pp. 23–35, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  3. J. Gibson, The senses considered as perceptual systems. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  4. H. Bergson, Matière et mémoire. Essai sur la relation du corps à l’esprit. Première édition : 1939. Paris : Les Presses universitaires de France, 1965, 72e édition. Collection : Bibliothèque de philosophie contemporaine, 1939.

    Google Scholar 

  5. W. James, Pragmatism: A new name for some old ways of thinking. New York : Longman Green and Co, 1907.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  6. P. Fuchs and G. Moreau, “Le Traité de la Réalité Virtuelle,” Presse de l’Ecole des Mines de Paris, Troisième Edition. Mars 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  7. M. Beaudouin-Lafon, “Instrumental interaction: an interaction model for designing post-wimp user interfaces,” in CHI ’00: Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, (New York, NY, USA), pp. 446–453, ACM, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  8. L. Nigay and J. Coutaz, “Espaces conceptuels pour l’interaction multimédia et multimodale,” TSI spécial multimédia et collecticiel, AFCET et Hermes Publ., vol. 15, no. 9, pp. 1195–1225, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  9. R. J. Jacob, A. Girouard, L. M. Hirshfield, and M. S. Horn, “Reality-Based Interaction: A Framework for Post-WIMP Interfaces,” pp. 201–210, ACM Press, Florence, Italy, April 5-10 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  10. P. Dourish, Where the Action is : The Foundations of Embodied Interaction. MIT Press, Décembre 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  11. W. E. Mackay, “Augmenting reality: A new paradigm for interacting with computers,” World Proceedings of ECSCW’93, the European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, vol. 7, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  12. E. Dubois, Laurence Nigay, J. Troccaz, O. Chavanon, and L. Carrat, “Classification space for augmented surgery, an augmented reality case study,” In A. Sasse and C. Johnson (eds.), Proceedings of Interact’99, IOS Press. Edinburgh (UK), pp. 353–359, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  13. E. Dubois, P. Gray, and L. Nigay, “ASUR++: supporting the design of mobile mixed systems,” Interacting with Computer, pp. 497–520, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  14. P. Renevier, Système Mixtes Collaboratifs sur Supports Mobiles : Conception et Réalisation. Spécialité informatique, Université Joseph Fournier - Grenoble 1, Grenoble, Juin 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  15. P. Milgram and F. Kishino, “A taxonomy of mixed reality visual displays,” in IEICE Transactions on Informations Systems [16], pp. 1–15.

    Google Scholar 

  16. P. Milgram, H. Takemura, A. Utsumi, and F. Kishino, “Augmented reality: A class of displays on the reality-virtuality continuum,” Telemanipulator and Telepresence Technologie, vol. 2351, pp. 282–292, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  17. S. Benford, H. Schnädelbach, B. Koleva, R. Anastasi, C. Greenhalgh, T. Rodden, J. Green, A. Ghali, T. Pridmore, B. Gaver, A. Boucher, B. Walker, S. Pennington, A. Schmidt, H. Gellersen, and A. Steed, “Expected, sensed, and desired: A framework for designing sensing-based interaction,” ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 3–30, 2005.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. D. A. Norman, “Cognitive engineering,” Book chapter of User Centered System Design, New Perspectives on Human-Computer Interaction, pp. 31–61, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  19. E. Dubois, L. Nigay, and J. Troccaz, “Combinons le monde virtuel et le monde réel : Classification et principe de conception,” Actes des Rencontres Jeunes Chercheurs en Interaction Homme-Machine, pp. 31–34, Mai 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  20. R. Want, A. Hopper, V. Falc ao, and J. Gibbons, “The active badge location system,” ACM Trans. Inf. Syst., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 91–102, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  21. P. Fuchs, G. Moreau, and J. Papin, “Le Traité de la Réalité Virtuelle,” Presse de l’Ecole des Mines de Paris. Première Edition, Mars 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  22. S. Research, “Peak.ar : http://peakar.salzburgresearch.at/.”

  23. S. Henderson and S. Feiner, “Augmented reality for maintenance and repair (armar),” Technical Report AFRL-RH-WP-TR-2007-0112, United States Air Force Research Lab, Jul 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  24. S. J. Henderson and S. Feiner, “Evaluating the benefits of augmented reality for task localization in maintenance of an armored personnel carrier turret,” Mixed and Augmented Reality, IEEE / ACM International Symposium on, pp. 135–144, 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  25. S. Feiner, B. Macintyre, and D. Seligmann, “Knowledge-based augmented reality,” Commun. ACM, vol. 36, no. 7, pp. 53–62, 1993.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. S. Gibson, A. Chalmers, G. Simon, J.-F. Vigueras Gomez, M.-O. Berger, D. Stricker, and W. Kresse, “Photorealistic Augmented Reality,” in Second IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality - ISMAR’03, (Tokyo, Japon), p. 3 p, IEEE, ACM, none, 10 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Presselite, “Metro paris : http://www.presselite.com/iphone/metroparis/.”

  28. Meine Wohnung, “Click & Design : http://www.meinewohnung.cc/.”

  29. ENSAM - On-Situ, “Dispositif de réalité augmentée pour l’abbaye de cluny : Ray-on. http://www.on-situ.com/.”

  30. D. Nestlé, “Minimoys : http://minimoys.3ds.com/press/3DVIA-Nestle.html.”

  31. Rationalcraft, “Winscape : http://www.rationalcraft.com/Winscape.html.”

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Olivier Hugues .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hugues, O., Fuchs, P., Nannipieri, O. (2011). New Augmented Reality Taxonomy: Technologies and Features of Augmented Environment. In: Furht, B. (eds) Handbook of Augmented Reality. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0064-6_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0064-6_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-0063-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-0064-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics