Skip to main content

Atlases of the Human Brain: Tools for Functional Neuroimaging

  • Chapter
Book cover Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing 3

Abstract

Human brain atlases are frequently used tools for the analysis of data from functional imaging and neurophysiology studies. This chapter briefly reviews historical, two- and three-dimensional printed and electronic atlas systems. It emphasizes several key aspects of such atlases: spatial relationships of macro- and microstructures, their intersubject variability, definition of reference brains and spatial reference systems, linear and nonlinear registration procedures of data sets of individual brains to reference brains, and multimodal comparisons of structural and functional data in stereotaxic space. The Appendix outlines the method of generation of probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps, and provides addresses of some of the electronic human brain atlases and software.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Amunts, K., Eickhoff, S., and Zilles, K., 2003, Multimodal mapping of human cerebral cortex—individual variability, In: Ng, V., Barker, G. J., and Hendler, T. (eds.), Psychiatric Neuroimaging, Amsterdam, Berlin, Oxford, Tokyo, Washington, DC: IOS press, pp. 16–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amunts, K., Jäncke, L., Mohlberg, H., Steinmetz, H., and Zilles, K., 2000a, Interhemispheric asymmetry of the human motor cortex related to handedness and gender, Neuropsychologia 38:304–312.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amunts, K., Kedo, O., Kindler, M., Pieperhott, P., Mohlberg, H., Shah, N. J., Habell, U., and Zilles, K., 2005, Cytoarchitectonic mapping of the amygdala, hippocampal region and entorhinal cortex: intersubject variability and probability maps. Anat. Embryol. (Berl.) 200:343–352.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amunts, K., Malikovic, A., Mohlberg, H., Schormann, T., and Zilles, K., 2000b, Brodmann’s areas 17 and 18 brought into stereotaxic space—where and how variable? Neuroimage 11:66–84.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amunts, K., Schleicher, A., Bürgel, U., Mohlberg, H., Uylings, H. B. M., and Zilles, K., 1999, Broca’s region revisited: cytoarchitecture and intersubject variability, J. Comp. Neurol. 412:319–341.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Amunts, K., Weiss, P. H., Mohlberg, H., Pieperhoff, P., Gurd, J., Shah, J. N., Marshall, C. J., Fink, G. R., and Zilles, K., 2004, Analysis of the neural mechanisms underlying verbal fluency in cytoarchitectonically defined stereotaxic space—the role of Brodmann’s areas 44 and 45, Neuroimage 22:42–56.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Annese, J., Pitiot, A., Dinov, I. D., and Toga, A. W., 2004, A myelo-architectonic method for the structural classification of cortical areas, Neuroimage 21:15–26.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ardekani, B. A., Nierenberg, J., Hoptman, N. J., Javitt, D. C., and Lim, K. O., 2003, MRI study of white matter diffusion anisotropy in schizophrenia, Neuroreport 14:2025–2029.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong, E., Curtis, M., Buxhoeveden, D. P., Gregoe, C., Zilles, K., Casanova, M. F., and McCarthy, W. F., 1991, Cortical gyrification in the rhesus monkey: a test of the mechanical folding hypothesis, Cereb. Cortex 1:426–432.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ashburner, J., and Friston, K. J., 1999, Nonlinear spatial normalization using basic functions, Hum. Brain Mapp. 7:254–266.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Assaf, Y., Ben-Bashat, D., Chapman, J., Peled, S., Biton, I. E., Kafri, M., Segev, Y., Hendler, T., Korczyn, A. D., Graif, M., and Cohen, Y., 2002, High b-value q-space analyzed diffusion-weighted MRI: application to multiple sclerosis, Magn. Reson. Med. 47: 115–126.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Assaf, Y., Mayk, A., and Cohen, Y., 2000, Displacement imaging of spinal cord using q-space diffusion-weighted MRI, Magn. Reson. Med. 44:713–722.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Axer, H., and Keyserlingk, D. G., 2000, Mapping of fibre orientation in human internal capsule by means of polarized light and confocal scanning laser microscopy, J. Neurosci. Methods 94:165–175.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, P., and von Bonin, G., 1951, The Isocortex of Man, Urbana: University of Illinois Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bajcsy, R., and Kovacic, S., 1989, Multiresolution elastic matching, Comput. Vis. Graph. Image Process 46:1–21.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barker, G. J., 2001, Diffusion-weighted imaging of the spinal cord and optic nerve, J. Neurol. Sci. 186:S45–S49.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Basser, P. J., and Jones, D. K., 2002, Diffusion-tensor MRI: theory, experimental design and data analysis—a technical review, NMR Biomed. 15:456–467.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Behrens, T. E., Johansen-Berg, H., Woolrich, M. W., Smith, S. M., Wheeler-Kingshot, C. A., Boulby, P. A., Barker, G. J., Sillery, E. L., Sheehan, K., Ciccarelli, O., Thompson, A. J., Brady, J. M., and Matthews, P. M., 2003, Non-invasive mapping of connections between human thalamus and cortex using diffusion imaging, Nat. Neurosci. 6:750–757.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bidmon, H. J., Wu, J. Y., Godecke, A., Schleicher, A., Mayer, B., and Zilles, K., 1997, Nitric oxide synthase-expressing neurons are area-specifically distributed within the cerebral cortex of the rat, Neuroscience 81:321–330.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Binkofski, F., Amunts, K., Stephan, K. M., Posse, S., Schormann, T., Freund, H.-J., Zilles, K., and Seitz, R. J., 2000, Broca’s region subserves imagery of motion: a combined cytoarchitectonic and fMRI study, Hum. Brain Mapp. 11:273–285.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Binkofski, F., Fink, G. R., Geyer, S., Buccino, G., Gruber, O., Shah, J. N., Taylor, J. G., Seitz, R. J., Zilles, K., and Freund, H. J., 2002, Neural activity in human primary motor cortex areas 4a and 4p of human motor cortex is modulated differentially by attention to action, J. Neurophysiol. 88:519.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodegard, A., Geyer, S., Naito, E., Zilles, K., and Roland, P. E., 2000a, Somatosensory areas in men activated by moving stimuli: cytoarchitectonic mapping and PET, Neuroreport 11:187–191.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bodegard, A., Ledberg, A., Geyer, S., Naito, E., Zilles, K., and Roland, P. E., 2000b, Object shape differences reflected by somatosensory cortical activation in human, J. Neurosci. 20RC 51:1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bremmer, F., Schlack, A., Shah, N. J., Zafiris, O., Zilles, K., and Fink, G. R., 2001, Polymodal motion processing in posterior parietal and premotor cortex: a human fMRI study strongly implies equivalencies between humans and monkeys, Neuron 29:287–296.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brett, M., Johnsrude, I. S., and Owen, A. M., 2002, The problem of functional localization in the human brain, Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 3:243–249.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brodmann, K., 1908, Beiträge zur histologischen Lokalisation der Großhirnrinde, VI: die Cortexgliederung des Menschen, J. Psychol. Neurol. X:231–246.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brodmann, K., 1909, Vergleichende Lokalisationslehre der Großhirnrinde in ihren Prinzipien dargestellt auf Grund des Zellenbaues, Leipzig: Barth JA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brodmann, K., 1994, Brodmann’s Localization in the Cerebral Cortex, London: Smith Gordon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Burck, H.-C., 1973, Histologische Technik, Stuttgart: Thieme-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bürgel, U., Amunts, K., Hoemke, L., Mohlberg, H., Gilsbach, J. M., Zilles, K., 2005, White matter fiber tracts of the humans brain: Three-dimensional mapping of microscopic resolution, topography and intersubject variability, Neuroimage Epub ahead of print.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bürgel, U., Mecklenburg, I., Blohm, U., and Zilles, K., 1997, Histological visualization of long fiber tracts in the white matter of adult human brains, J. Brain Res. 3:393–404.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bürgel, U., Schormann, T., Schleicher, A., and Zilles, K., 1999, Mapping of histologically identified long fiber tracts in human cerebral hemispheres to the MRI volume of a reference brain: position and spatial variability of the optic radiation, Neuroimage 10:489–499.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, A. W., 1905, Histological Studies on the Localisation of Cerebral Function, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Choi, H.-J., Zilles, K., Mohlberg, H., Schleicher, A., Fink, G. R., and Amunts, K., 2005, Cytoarchitectonic mapping of the anterior ventral bank of the human intraparietal sulcus, J. Comp. Neurol., in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, G. E., Rabbitt, R. D., and Miller, M. I., 1994, 3-D brain mapping using deformable neuroanatomy, Phys. Med. Biol. 39:609–618.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, C. A., Barker, G. J., and Tofts, P. S., 1999, Magnetic resonance diffusion imaging of the human cervical spinal cord in vivo, Magn. Reson. Med. 41:1269–1273.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, V. P., Courchesne, E., and Grafe, M., 1992, In vivo myeloarchitectonic analysis of human striate and extrastriate cortex using magnetic resonance imaging, Cereb. Cortex 2: 424.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, S., 1994, Modular organization of human extrastriate visual cortex: evidence from cytochrome oxidase pattern in normal and macular degeneration cases, Eur. J. Neurosci. 6:725–736.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clarke, S., and Miklossy, J., 1990, Occipital cortex in man: organization of callosal connections, related cyto-and myeloarchitecture, and putative boundaries of functional visual areas, J. Comp. Neurol. 298:188–214.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Coenen, V. A., Krings, T., Mayfrank, L., Polin, R. S., Reinges, M. H. T., Thron, A., and Gilsbach, J. M., 2001, Three-dimensional visualization of the pyramidal tract in a neuronavigation system during brain tumor surgery: first experiences and technical note, Neurosurgery 49:86–93.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, D. L., Neelin, P., Peters, T. M., and Evans, A. C., 1994, Automatic 3D intersubject registration of MR volumetric data in standardized Talairach space, J. Comput. Assis. Tomogr. 18:192–205.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, D. L., Zijdenbos, A., Kollokian, V., Sled, J. G., Kabani, N. J., Holmes, C. J., and Evans, A. C., 1998, Design and construction of a realistic digital brain phantom, IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 17:463–468.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Conturo, T. E., Lori, N. F., Cull, T. S., Akbudak, E., Snyder, A. Z., Shimony, J. S., McKinstry, R. C., Burton, H., and Raichle, M. E., 1999, Tracking neuronal fiber pathways in the living human brain, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 96:10422–10427.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dale, A. H., Fischl, B., and Sereno, H. I., 1999, Cortical surface based analysis. I: segmentation and surface reconstruction, Neuroimage 9:179–194.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Di Virgilio, G., and Clarke, S., 1997, Direct interhemispheric visual input to human speech areas, Hum. Brain Mapp. 5:347–354.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dougherty, R. F., Koch, V. M., Brewer, A. A., Fischer, B., Modersitzky, J., and Wandell, B. A., 2003, Visual field representations and locations of visual areas V1/2/3 in human visual cortex, J. Vis. 3:586–598.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Duvernoy, H., 1991, The Human Brain. Surface, Three-Dimensional Sectional Anatomy and MRI, Wien, New York: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehrsson, H. H., Naito, E., Geyer, S., Amunts, K., Zilles, K., Forssberg, H., and Roland, P. E., 2000, Simultaneous movements of upper and lower limbs are coordinated by motor representations that are shared by both limbs: a PET study, Eur. J. Neurosci. 12:3385–3398.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eickhoff, S., Amunts, K., Mohlberg, H., and Zilles, K., 2005a, The human parietal operculum: II. Stereotaxic maps and correlation with functional imaging results, Cereb. Cortex, Epub ahead of print.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eickhoff, S., Schleicher, A., Zilles, K., and Amunts, K., 2005b, The human parietal operculum: I. Cytoarchitectonic mapping of subdivisions, Cereb. Cortex, Epub ahead of print.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eickhoff, S., Stephan, K. E., Mohlberg, H., Grefkes, C., Fink, G. R., Amunts, K., and Zilles, K., 2005c, A new SPM toolbox for combining probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps and functional imaging data, Neuroimage 25:1325–1335.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eickhoff, S., Walters, N., Schleicher, A., Egan, G. F., Zilles, K., Watson, J. D. G., and Amunts, K., 2005d, High-resolution MRI reflects myelo-and cytoarchitecture of human cerebral cortex, Hum. Brain Mapp. 24:206–215.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Elliot Smith, G., 1907, A new topographical survey of the human cerebral cortex, being an account of the distribution of the anatomically distinct cortical areas and their relationship to the cerebral sulci, J. Anat. 41:237–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, A. C., Collins, D. L., Mills, S. R., Brown, E. D., Kelly, R. L., and Peters, T. M., 1993, 3D statistical neuroanatomical models from 305 MRI volumes, In: Proceedings of the IEEE-NSSMI Symposium, pp. 1813–1817.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, A. C., Collins, D. L., and Milner, B., 1992, An MRI-based stereotactic atlas from 250 young normal subjects, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 18:408.

    Google Scholar 

  • Falk, D., Hildeboldt, C., Cheverud, J., Kohn, L. A. P., Figiel, G., and Vannier, M., 1991, Human cortical asymmetries determined with 3D MR technology, J. Neurosci. Methods 39:185–191.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fatterpekar, G. M., Naidich, T. P., Delamn, B. N., Aguinaldo, J. G., Gultekin, S. H., Sherwood, C. C., Hof, P. R., Drayer, B. P., and Fayad, Z. A., 2002, Cytoarchitecture of the human cerebral cortex: MR microscopy of excised specimens at 9.4 Tesla, Am. J. Neuroradiol. 23:1313–1321.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Filimonoff, I. N., 1932, ìber die Variabilität der Großhirnrindenstruktur. Mitteilung II—Regio occipitalis beim erwachsenen Menschen, J. Psychol. Neurol. 44:2–96

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischl, B., Sereno, M. I., and Dale, A. M., 1999, Cortical surface based analysis. II: inflation, flatterring, and a surface based coordinate system, Neuroimage 9:195–207.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flechsig, P., 1920, Anatomie des menschlichen Gehirns und Rückenmarks auf myelogenetischer Grundlage, Leipzig: Thieme.

    Google Scholar 

  • Foong, J., Symms, M. R., Barker, G. J., Maier, M., Miller, D. G. H., and Ron, M. A., 2002, Investigating regional white matter in schizophrenia using diffusion tensor imaging, Neuroreport 13:333–336.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fox, P. T., Perlmutter, J. S., and Raichle, M., 1985, A stereotactic method of localization for positron emission tomography, J. Comput. Assis. Tomogr. 9:141–153.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Friston, K. J., 1997, Testing for anatomically specified regional effects, Hum. Brain Mapp. 5:133–136.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gallyas, F., 1979, Silver staining of myelin by means of physical development, Neurol. Res. 1:203–209.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gee, J. C., Reivich, M., and Bajcsy, R., 1993, Elastically deforming an atlas to match anatomical brain images, J. Comput. Assis. Tomogr. 17:225–236.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gerhardt, E., 1940, Die Cytoarchitektonik des Isocortex parietalis beim Menschen, J. Psychol. Neurol. 49:367–419.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geyer, S., 2004, The Microstructural Border Between the Motor and the Cognitive Domain in the Human Cerebral Cortex, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geyer, S., Ledberg, A., Schleicher, A., Kinomura, S., Schormann, T., Bürgel, U., Klingberg, T., Larsson, J., Zilles, K., and Roland, P. E., 1996, Two different areas within the primary motor cortex of man, Nature 382:805–807.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Geyer, S., Matelli, M., Luppino, G., and Zilles, K., 2000a, Functional neuroanatomy of the primate isocortical motor system, Anat. Embryol. 202:443–474.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Geyer, S., Schleicher, A., Schormann, T., Mohlberg, H., Bodegard, A., Roland, P. E., and Zilles, K., 2001, Integration of microstructural and functional aspects of human somatosensory areas 3a, 3b, and 1 on the basis of a computerized brain atlas, Anat. Embryol. 204:351–366.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Geyer, S., Schleicher, A., and Zilles, K., 1999, Areas 3a, 3b, and 1 of human primary somatosensory cortex: I. Microstructural organisation and interindividual variability, Neuroimage 10:63–83.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Geyer, S., Schormann, T., Mohlberg, H., and Zilles, K., 2000b, Areas 3a, 3b, and 1 of human primary somatosensory cortex: II. Spatial normalization to standard anatomical space, Neuroimage 11:684–696.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Grefkes, C., Geyer, S., Schormann, T., Roland, P., and Zilles, K., 2001, Human somatosensory area 2: observer-independent cytoarchitectonic mapping, interindividual variability, and population map, Neuroimage 14:617–632.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hayes, T. L., and Lewis, D. A., 1992, Nonphosphorylated neurofilament protein and calbindin immunoreactivity in layer III pyramidal neurons of human neocortex, Cereb. Cortex 2:56–67.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Henn, S., and Witsch, K., 2004a, A multigrid approach for minimizing a nonlinear functional for digital image matching, Computing 64:339–348.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henn, S., and Witsch, K., 2004b, Iterative multigrid regularization techniques for image matching, SIAM J. Sci. Comput. 23:1077–1093.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herath, P., Klingberg, T., Young, Y., Amunts, K., and Roland, P., 2001, Neural correlates of dual task interference can be dissociated from those of divided attention: an fMRI study, Cereb. Cortex 11:796–805.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holmes, C. J., Hoge, R., Collins, L., Woods, R., Toga, A.W., and Evans, A. C., 1998, Enhancement of MR images using registration for signal averaging, J. Comput. Assis. Tomogr. 22:324–333.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horwitz, B., Amunts, K., Bhattacharyya, R., Patkin, D., Jeffries, J., Zilles, K., and Braun, A. R., 2003, Activation of Broca’s area during the production of spoken and signed language: a combined cytoarchitectonic mapping and PET analysis, Neuropsychologia 41:1868–1876.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Indefrey, P., Brown, C. M., Hellwig, F., Amunts, K., Herzog, H., Seitz, R. J., and Hagoort, P., 2001, A neural correlate of syntactic encoding during speech production, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 98:5933–5936.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ito, R., Mori, S., and Melhem, E. R., 2002, Diffusion tensor brain imaging and tractography, Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am. 12:1–19.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Iwasawa, T., Matoba, H., Ogi, A., Kurihara, H., Saito, K., Yoshida, T., Matsubara, S., and Nozaku, A., 1997, Diffusion-weighted imaging of the human optic nerve: a new approach to evaluate optic neuritis in multiple sclerosis, Magn. Reson. Med. 38:484–491.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johansen-Berg, H., Behrens, T. E. J., Robson, M. D., Drobnjak, I., Rushworth, M. F. S., Brady, J. M., Smith, S. M., Higham, D. J., and Matthews, P. M., 2004, Changes in connectivity profiles define functionally distinct regions in human medial frontal cortex, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 101:13335–13340.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johansen-Berg, H., Behrens, T. E. J., Sillery, E., Ciccarelli, O., Thompson, A. J., Smith, S. M., and Matthews, P. M., 2005, Functional-anatomical validation and individual variation of diffusion tractography-based segmentation of the human thalamus, Cereb. Cortex 15:31–39.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, D. K., Williams, S. C., Gasston, D., Horsefiled, M. A., Simmons, A., and Howard, R., 2002, Isotropic resolution diffusion tensor imaging with whole brain acquisition in a clinically acceptable time, Hum. Brain Mapp. 15:216–230.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Juch, H., Zimine, I., Seghier, M. L., Lazeyras, F., and Fasel, J. H. D., 2005, Anatomical variability of the lateral frontal lobe surface: implication for intersubject variability in language neuroimaging, Neuroimage 24:504–514.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kleist, K., 1934, Gehirnpathologie, Leipzig: Barth.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kononova, E. P., 1935, Structural variability of the cortex cerebri. Inferior frontal gyrus in adults (Russian), In: Sarkisov, S. A., and Filimonoff, I. N. (eds.), Annals of the Brain Research Institute. Vol. I., Moscow-Leningrad: State Press for Biological and Medical Literature, pp. 49–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kötter, R., Stephan, K. E., Palomero-Gallagher, N., Geyer, S., Schleicher, A., and Zilles, K., 2001, Multimodal characterisation of cortical areas by multivariate analyses of receptor binding and connectivity data, Anat. Embryol. 204:333–350.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krings, T., Coenen, V. A., Axer, H., Möller-Hartmann, W., Mayfrank, L., Weidemann, J., Kränzlein, H., Gilsbach, J. M., and Thron, A., 2001, In vivo 3D visualization of pyramidal tracts using anisotropic diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging, Neurosci. Lett. 307:192–196.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kruggel, F., Brückner, M. K., Arendt, T., Wiggins, C. J., and von Cramon, D. Y., 2003, Analyzing the neocortical fine-structure, Med. Image Anal. 7:251–264.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lancaster, J. L., Woldorff, M. G., Parsons, L. M., Liotti, M., Freitas, C. S., Rainey, L., Kochunov, P. V., Nickerson, D., Mikiten, S. A., and Fox, P. T., 2001, Automated Talairach atlas labels for functional brain mapping, Hum. Brain Mapp. 10:120–131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Larsson, J., Amunts, K., Gulyas, B., Malikovic, A., Zilles, K., and Roland, P. E., 1999, Neuronal correlates of real and illusory contour perception: functional anatomy with PET, Eur. J. Neurosci. 11:4024–4036.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larsson, J., Amunts, K., Gulyas, B., Malikovic, A., Zilles, K., and Roland, P. E., 2002, Perceptual segregation of overlapping shapes activates posterior extrastriate visual cortex in man, Exp. Brain Res. 143:1–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Le Bihan, D., Mangin, J.-F., Poupon, C., Clark, C. A., Pappata, S., Molko, N., and Chabriat, H., 2001, Diffusion tensor imaging: concepts and applications, J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 13:534–546.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • LeMay, M., and Kido, D. K., 1978, Asymmetries of the cerebral hemispheres on computed tomograms, J. Comput. Assis. Tomogr. 2:471–476.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Livingstone, M. S., and Hubel, D. H., 1987, Connections between layer 4B of area 17 and the thick cytochrome oxidase stripes of area 18 in the squirrel monkey, J. Neurosci. 7:3371–3377.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lohmann, G., and von Cramon, D. Y., 2000, Automated Labelling of the human cortical surface using sulcal bassins. Med. Image Anal. 4:179–188.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Luppino, G., Matelli, M., Camarda, R. M., Gallese, V., and Rizzolatti, G., 1991, Multiple representations of body movements in mesial area 6 and the adjacent cingulate cortex: an intracortical microstimulation study in the macaque monkey, J. Comp. Neurol. 311:463–482.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mai, J. K., Assheuer, J., and Paxinos, G., 2004, Atlas of the Human Brain, San Diego, London: Elsevier.

    Google Scholar 

  • Majocha, R. E., Marotta, C. A., and Benes, F. M., 1985, Immunostaining of neurofilament protein in human postmortem cortex: a sensitive and specific approach to the pattern analysis of human cortical cytoarchitecture, Can. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 63:577–584.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mangin, J.-F., Frouin, V., Bloch, I., Régis, J., and Lopez-Krahe, J., 1995, From 3D magnetic resonance images to structural representations of the cortex topography using topology preserving deformations, J. Math. Imaging Vis. 5:297–318.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matelli, M., Luppino, G., and Rizzolatti, G., 1991, Architecture of superior and mesial area 6 and the adjacent cingulate cortex in the macaque monkey, J. Comp. Neurol. 311:445–462.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mazziotta, J. C., Toga, A. W., Evans, A. C., Fox, P. T., and Lancaster, J. L., 1995, A probabilistic atlas of the human brain: theory and rationale for its development, Neuroimage 2:89–101.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mazziotta, J., Toga, A., Evans, A., Fox, M., Lancaster, J., Zilles, K., Woods, R., Paus, T., Simpson, G., Pike, B., Holmes, C., Collins, L., Thompson, P., Macdonald, D., Iacoboni, M., Schormann, T., Amunts, K., Palomero-Gallagher, N., Geyer, S., Parsons, L., Narr, K., Kabani, N., LeGoualher, G., Boomsma, D., Cannon, T., Kawashima, R., and Mazoyer, B., 2001a, A probabilistic atlas and reference system for the human brain: international consortium for brain mapping (ICBM), Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 356:1293–1322.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mazziotta, J., Toga, A., Evans, A., Fox, P., Lancaster, J., Zilles, K., Woods, R., Paus, T., Simpson, G., Pike, B., Holmes, C., Collins, L., Thompson, P., Macdonald, D., Iacoboni, M., Schormann, T., Amunts, K., Palomero-Gallagher, N., Geyer, S., Parsons, L., Narr, K., Kabani, N., Le Goualher, G., Feidler, J., Smith, K., Boomsma, D., Pol, H. H., Cannon, T., Kawashima, R., and Mazoyer, B., 2001b, A four-dimensional probabilistic atlas of the human brain, J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 8:401–430.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Merker, B., 1983, Silver staining of cell bodies by means of physical development, J. Neurosci. Methods 9:235–241.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miklossy, J., and van der Loos, H., 1991, The long-distance effects of brain lesions: visualization of myelinated pathways in the human brain using polarizing and fluorescence microscopy, J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. 50:1–15.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohlberg, H., Lerch, J., Amunts, K., Evans, A. C., and Zilles, K., 2003, Probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps transformed into MNI space, In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference of Neuroimage CD Rom on Functional Mapping of the Human Brain, New York, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mori, S., and van Zijl, P. C., 2002, Fibre tracking: principles and strategies—a technical review, NMR Biomed. 15:468–480.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morosan, P., Rademacher, J., Schleicher, A., Amunts, K., Schormann, T., and Zilles, K., 2001, Human primary auditory cortex: cytoarchitectonic subdivisions and mapping into a spatial reference system, Neuroimage 13:684–701.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mufson, E. J., Brady, D. R., and Kordower, J. H., 1990, Tracing neuronal connections in postmortem human hippocampal complex with the carbocyanine dye DiI, Neurobiol. Aging 11:649–653.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naito, E., Ehrsson, H. H., Geyer, S., Zilles, K., and Roland, P. E., 1999, Illusory arm movements activate cortical motor areas: a positron emission tomography study, J. Neurosci. 19:6134–6144.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naito, E., Kinomura, S., Geyer, S., Kawashima, R., Roland, P. E., and Zilles, K., 2000, Fast reaction to different sensory modalities activate common fields in the motor areas, but the anterior cingulate cortex is involved in the speed of reaction, J. Neurophysiol. 83:1701–1709.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ojemann, G., and Mateer, C., 1979, Human language cortex: localization of memory, syntax, and sequential motor-phoneme identification systems, Science 205:1401–1403.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ono, M., Kubik, S., and Abernathey, C. D., 1990, Atlas of the Cerebral Sulci, Stuttgart, New York: Thieme.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, G. J. M., Stephan, K. E., Barker, G. J., Rowe, J. B., MacManus, D. G., Wheeler-Kingshot, C. A. M., Ciccarelli, O., Passingham, R. E., Spinks, R. L., Lemon, R. N., and Turner, R., 2002, Initial demonstration of in vivo tracing of axonal projections in the macaque brain and comparison with the human brain using diffusion tensor imaging and fast marching tractography, Neuroimage 15:797–809.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Passingham, R. E., Stephan, K. E., and Kötter, R., 2002, The anatomical basis of functional localization in the cortex, Nature 3:606–616.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paus, T., Tomaiolo, F., Otaky, N., Macdonald, D., Petrides, M., Atlas, J., Morris, R., and Evans, A. C., 1996, Human cingulate and paracingulate sulci: pattern, variability, asymmetry, and probabilistic maps, Cereb. Cortex 6:207–214.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Penfield, W., and Rasmussen, T., 1950, The Cerebral Cortex of Man, New York: Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pieperhoff, P., Mohlberg, H., and Amunts, K., 2005, Überlagerungen anatomischer und funktioneller Daten. In: Schneider, F., and Fink, G. R. (eds.), Funktionelle Kernspintomographie in Psychiatrie und Neurologie, Berlin: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poupon, C., Clark, C. A., Frouin, V., Régis, J., Bloch, I., LeBihan, D., and Mangin, J.-F., 2000, Regularization of diffusion-based direction maps for the tracking of brain white matter fascicles, Neuroimage 12:184–195.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Powell, H. W. R., Guye, M., Parker, G. J. M., Symms, M. R., Boulby, P., Koepp, M. J., Barker, G. J., and Duncan, J. S., 2004, Noninvasive in vivo demonstration of the connections of the human parahippocampal gyrus, Neuroimage 22:740–747.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rademacher, J., Bürgel, U., Geyer, S., Schormann, T., Schleicher, A., Freund, H.-J., and Zilles, K., 2001a, Variability and asymmetry in the human precentral motor system. A cytoarchitectonic and myeloarchitectonic brain mapping study, Brain 124:2232–2258.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rademacher, J., Bürgel, U., and Zilles, K., 2002, Stereotaxic localization, intersubject variability, and interhemispheric differences of the human auditory thalamocortical system, Neuroimage 17:142–160.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rademacher, J., Caviness, J., Steinmetz, H., and Galaburda, A. M., 1993, Topographical variation of the human primary cortices: implications for neuroimaging, brain mapping, and neurobiology, Cereb. Cortex 3:313–329.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rademacher, J., Morosan, P., Schormann, T., Schleicher, A., Werner, C., Freund, H.-J., and Zilles, K., 2001b, Probabilistic mapping and volume measurement of human primary auditory cortex, Neuroimage 13:669–683.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Riegele, L., 1931, Die Cytoarchitektonik der Felder der Broca’schen Region, J. Psychol. Neurol. 42:496–514.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rivière, D., Mangin, J.-F., Papadopoulos-Orfanos, D., Martinez, J. M., Frouin, V., and Régis, J., 2002, Automatic recognition of cortical sulci of the human brain using a congregation of neural networks, Med. Image Anal. 6:77–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roe, A. W., and Tso, D. Y., 1995, Visual topography in primate v2: multiple representations across functional stripes, J. Neurosci. 15:3689–3715.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roland, P. E., Svensson, P., Lindeberg, T., Risch, T., Baumann, P., Dehmel, A., Fredriksson, J., Halldorson, H., Forsberg, L., Young, J., and Zilles, K., 2001, A database generator for human brain imaging, Trends Neurosci. 24:562–564.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roland, P. E., and Zilles, K., 1994, Brain atlases—a new research tool, Trends Neurosci. 17:458–467.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roland, P. E., and Zilles, K., 1996, The developing European computerized human brain database for all imaging modalities, Neuroimage 4:S39–S47.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roland, P. E., and Zilles, K., 1998, Structural divisions and functional fields in the human cerebral cortex, Brain Res. Rev. 26:87–105.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sarkisov, S. A., Filimonoff, I. N., and Preobrashenskaya, N. S., 1949, Cytoarchitecture of the Human Cortex Cerebri (Russ.), Moscow: Medgiz.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schleicher, A., Amunts, K., Geyer, S., Kowalski, T., Schormann, T., Palomero-Gallagher, N., and Zilles, K., 2000, A stereological approach to human cortical architecture: identification and delineation of cortical areas, J. Chem. Neuroanat. 20:31–47.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schleicher, A., Amunts, K., Geyer, S., Kowalski, T., and Zilles, K., 1998, An observer-independent cytoarchitectonic mapping of the human cortex using a stereological approach, Acta Stereol. 17:75–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schleicher, A., Amunts, K., Geyer, S., Morosan, P., and Zilles, K., 1999, Observer-independent method for microstructural parcellation of cerebral cortex: a quantitative approach to cytoarchitectonics, Neuroimage 9:165–177.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schleicher, A., and Zilles, K., 1990, A quantitative approach to cytoarchitectonics: analysis of structural inhomogeneities in nervous tissue using an image analyser, J. Microsc. 157:367–381.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, O., Hömke, L., and Dümbgen, L., 2003, Detection of cortical transition regions utilizing statistical analyses of excess masses, Neuroimage 19:42–63.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schormann, T., Dabringhaus, A., and Zilles, K., 1995, Statistics of deformations in histology and improved alignment with MRI, IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 14:25–35.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schormann, T., and Zilles, K., 1998, Three-dimensional linear and nonlinear transformations: an integration of light microscopical and MRI data, Hum. Brain Mapp. 6:339–347.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sereno, M. I., Dale, A. M., Reppas, J. B., Kwong, K. K., Belliveau, J. W., Brady, T. I., Rosen, B. R., and Tootell, R. B. H., 1995, Borders of multiple visual areas in humans revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging, Science 268:889–893.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shipp, S., Watson, J. D. G., Frackowiak, R. S. J., and Zeki, S., 1995, Retinotopic maps in human prestriate visual cortex: the demarcation of areas V2 and V3, Neuroimage 2:125–132.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, R. P., and Smith, D. J., 2003, Genome scale mapping of brain gene expression, Biol. Psychiatry 53:1069–1074.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sowell, E. R., Peterson, B. S., Thompson, P. M., Welcome, S. E., Henkenius, A. L., and Toga, A. W., 2003, Mapping cortical change across the human life span, Nat. Neurosci. 6:309–315.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinmetz, H., Staiger, J. F., Schlaug, G., Huang, Y., and Jäncke, L., 1995, Corpus callosum and brain volume in women and men, Neuroreport 6:1002–1004.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stensaas, S. S., Eddington, D. K., and Dobelle, W. H., 1974, The topography and variability of the primary visual cortex in man, J. Neurosurg. 40:755.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stephan, K. E., Zilles, K., and Kötter, R., 2000, Coordinate-independent mapping of structural and functional data by objective relational transformation (ORT), Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 355:37–54.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stöckel, M. C., Weder, B., Binkofski, F., Choi, H.-J., Amunts, K., Pieperhoff, P., Shah, N. J., and Seitz, R., 2004, Left and right parietal lobule in tactile object discrimination, Eur. J. Neurosci. 19:1067–1072.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Talairach, J., and Tournoux, P., 1988, Coplanar Stereotaxic Atlas of the Human Brain, Stuttgart: Thieme.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanji, J., and Kurata, K., 1989, Changing concepts of motor areas of the cerebral cortex, Brain Dev. 11:374–377.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, P. M., Moussai, J., Zohoori, S., Goldkorn, A., Khan, A. A., Mega, M. S., Small, G. W., Cummings, J. L., and Toga, A. W., 1998, Cortical variability and asymmetry in normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease, Cereb. Cortex 8:492–509.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, P. M., Schwartz, C., Lin, R.T., Khan, A. A., and Toga, A.W., 1996, Three-dimensional statistical analysis of sulcal variability in the human brain, J. Neurosci. 16:4261–4274.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thompson, P. M., and Toga, A.W., 2002, A framework for computational anatomy, Comput. Vis. Sci. 5:13–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Toga, A., 2003, Brain atlases for the 21st century, In: Ng, V., Barker, G. J., and Hendler, T. (eds.), Psychiatric Neuroimaging, Ohmsha: IOS Press, pp. 9–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Toga, A.W., and Thompson, P. M., 2003, Mapping brain asymmetry, Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 4: 37–48.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tootell, R. B. H., Mendola, J. D., Hadjikhani, N. K., Ledden, P. J., Liu, A. K., Reppas, J. B., Sereno, M. I., and Dale, A. M., 1997, Functional analysis of V3A and related areas in human visual cortex, J. Neurosci. 17:7060–7078.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Turner, R., Le Bihan, D., and Chesnick, A. S., 1991, Echo-planar imaging of diffusion and perfusion, Magn. Reson. Med. 19:247–253.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Uylings, H. B. M., Sanz Arigita, E., de Vos, K., Smeets, W. J. A. J., Pool, C. W., Amunts, K., Rajkowska, G., and Zilles, K., 2000, The importance of a human 3D database and atlas for studies of prefrontal and thalamic functions, In: Uylings, H. B. M., van Eden, C. G., de Bruin, J. P. C., Feenstra, M. G. P., and Pennartz, C. M. A. (eds.), Progress in Brain Research, Vol. 126, Amsterdam: Elsevier Science BV, pp. 357–368.

    Google Scholar 

  • von Economo, C., and Koskinas, G. N., 1925, Die Cytoarchitektonik der Hirnrinde des erwachsenen Menschen, Berlin: Springer.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Essen, D. C., 1985, Functional organization of primate visual cortex, In: Peters, A., and Jones, E. G. (eds.), Cerebral Cortex, London: Plenum Press, pp. 259–329.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Essen, D. C., 2002, Surface-based atlases of cerebellar cortex in human, macaque, and mouse. Ann. Ny. Acad. Sci. 978:468–479.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Essen, D. C., 2004, Surface-based approaches to spatial localization and registration in primate cerebral cortex, Neuroimage 23:s97–s107.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Essen, D. C., 2005, A population-average, landmark-and surface-based (PALS) atlas of human cerebral cortex, Neuroimage 28:635–662.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Essen, D. C., Drury, H. A., Dickson, J., Harwell, J., Hanlon, D., and Anderson, C. H., 2001, An integrated software suite for surface-based analyses of cerebral cortex, J. Am. Med. Inform. Assoc. 8:443–459.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Van Essen, D. C., Drury, H. A., Joshi, S., and Miller, M. I., 1998, Functional and structural mapping of human cerebral cortex: solutions are in the surfaces, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 95:788–795.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vogt, C., and Vogt, O., 1919, Allgemeinere Ergebnisse unserer Hirnforschung, J. Psychol. Neurol. 25:292–398.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, A. E., 1938, The Primate Thalamus, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walters, N., Egan, G. F., Kean, M., Jenkinson, M., Kril, J. J., and Watson, J. D. G., 2003, In vivo identification of human cortical areas using high resolution MRI: an approach to structure-function correlation, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 100:2981–2986.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wheeler-Kingshott, C. A. M., Hickman, S. J., Parker, G. J. M., Ciccarelli, O., Symms, M. R., Miller, D. H., and Barker, G. J., 2002, Investigating cervical spinal cord structure using axial diffusion tensor imaging, Neuroimage 16:93–102.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wiesendanger, E., Clarke, S., Kraftsik, R., and Tardif, E., 2004, Topography of cortico-striatal connections in man: anatomical evidence for parallel organization, Eur. J. Neurosci. 20:1915–1922.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wohlschläger, A. M., Specht, K., Lie, C.-H., Mohlberg, H., Bente, K., Pietrzyk, U., Stöcker, T., Zilles, K., Amunts, K., and Fink, G. R., 2005, Linking retinotopic fMRI mapping and anatomical probability maps of human occipital areas V1 and V2, Neuroimage 15:73–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wong-Riley, M. T. T., Hevner, R. F., Cutlan, R., Earnest, M., Egan, R., Frost, J., and Nguyen, T., 1993, Cytochrome oxidase in the human visual cortex: distribution in the developing and the adults brain, Vis. Neurosci. 10:41–58.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Woods, R. P., Grafton, S. T., Watson, J. D. G., Sicotte, N. L., and Mazziotta, J. C., 1998, Automated image registration: II. Intersubject validation of linear and nonlinear tools, J. Comput. Assis. Tomogr. 22:153–165.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wree, A., Schleicher, A., and Zilles, K., 1982, Estimation of volume fractions in nervous tissue with an image analyzer, J. Neurosci. Methods 6:29–43.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yakovlev, P. I., and Lecours, A. R., 1967, The myelogenetic cycles of regional maturation of the brain, In: Yakovlev, P. I. and Lecours, A. R. (eds.), Regional Development of the Brain in Early Life, Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publishing, pp. 3–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Young, J. P., Geyer, S., Grefkes, C., Amunts, K., Morosan, P., Zilles, K., and Roland, P. E., 2003, Regional cerebral blood flow correlations of somatosensory Areas 3a, 3b, 1, and 2 in humans during rest: a PET and cytoarchitectural study, Hum. Brain Mapp. 19: 183–196.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Young, J. P., Herath, P., Eickhoff, S., Choi, H.-J., Grefkes, C., Zilles, K., and Roland, P. E., 2004, Somatotopy and attentional modulation of the human parietal and opercular regions, J. Neurosci. 24:5391–5399.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., 1991, Codistribution of receptors in the human cerebral cortex, In: Mendelsohn, F. A. O., and Paxinos, G. E. (eds.), Receptors in the Human Nervous System, San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 165–206.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Armstrong, E., Schleicher, A., and Kretschmann, H. J., 1988a, The human pattern of gyrification in the cerebral cortex, Anat. Embryol. 179:173–179.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Dabringhaus, A., Geyer, S., Amunts, K., Qü, M., Schleicher, A., Gilissen, E., Schlaug, G., Seitz, R., and Steinmetz, H., 1996, Structural asymmetries in the human forebrain and the forebrain of non-human primates and rats, Neurosci. Behav. Rev. 20:593–605.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Eickhoff, S., and Palomero-Gallagher, N., 2003, The human parietal cortex: a novel approach to its architectonical mapping, Adv. Neurol. 93:1–20.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Hajos, F., Kalman, M., and Schleicher, A., 1991a, Mapping of glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactivity in the rat forebrain and mesencephalon by computerized image analysis, J. Comp. Neurol. 308:340–355.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Kawashima, R., Dabringhaus, A., Fukoda, H., and Schormann, T., 2001, Hemispheric shape of European and Japanese brains: 3-D MRI analysis of intersubject variability, ethnical, and gender differences, Neuroimage 13:262–271.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., and Palomero-Gallagher, N., 2001, Cyto-, myelo-, and receptor architectonics of the human parietal cortex, Neuroimage 14:S8–S20.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Palomero-Gallagher, N., Grefkes, C., Scheperjans, F., Boy, C., Amunts, K., and Schleicher, A., 2002a, Architectonics of the human cerebral cortex and transmitter receptor fingerprints: reconciling functional neuroanatomy and neurochemistry, Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 12:587–599.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Palomero-Gallagher, N., and Schleicher, A., 2004, Transmitter receptors and functional anatomy of the cerebral cortex, J. Anat. 205:417–432.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Schlaug, G., Matelli, M., Luppino, G., Schleicher, A., Qü, M., Dabringhaus, A., Seitz, R., and Roland, P. E., 1995, Mapping ofhumanand macaque sensorimotor areas by integrating architectonic, transmitter receptor, MRI and PET data, J. Anat. 187:515–537.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., and Schleicher, A., 1993, Cyto-and myeloarchitecture of human visual cortex and the periodical GABA-A receptor distribution, In: Gulyas, B., Ottoson, D., and Roland, P. E. (eds.), Functional Organization of the Human Visual Cortex, Oxford: Pergamon Press, pp. 111–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Schleicher, A., 1995, Correlative imaging of transmitter receptor distributions in human cortex, In: Stumpf, W., and Solomon, H. (eds.), Autoradiography and Correlative Imaging, San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 277–307.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Schleicher, A., Langemann, C., Amunts, K., Morosan, P., Palomero-Gallagher, N., Schormann, T., Mohlberg, H., Bürgel, U., Steinmetz, H., Schlaug, G., and Roland, P. E., 1997, A quantitative analysis of sulci in the human cerebral cortex: development, regional heterogeneity, gender difference, asymmetry, intersubject variability and cortical architecture, Hum. Brain Mapp. 5:218–221.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Schleicher, A., Palomero-Gallagher, N., and Amunts, K., 2002b, Quantitative analysis of cyto-and receptor architecture of the human brain, In: Mazziotta, J. C., and Toga, A. (eds.), Brain Mapping: The Methods, Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 573–602.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Schleicher, A., Rath, M., and Bauer, A., 1988b, Quantitative receptor autoradiography in the human brain. Methodical aspects, Histochemistry 90:129–137.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zilles, K., Werner, L., Qü, M., Schleicher, A., and Gross, G., 1991b, Quantitative autoradiography of 11 different transmitter binding sites in the basal forebrain region of the rat—evidence of heterogeneity in distribution patterns, Neuroscience 42:473–481.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Amunts, K., Zilles, K. (2006). Atlases of the Human Brain: Tools for Functional Neuroimaging. In: Zaborszky, L., Wouterlood, F.G., Lanciego, J.L. (eds) Neuroanatomical Tract-Tracing 3. Springer, Boston, MA . https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28942-9_18

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics