Abstract
Since the mid-1980s, a number of investigators from different disciplines—child development, pediatrics, psychology, psychiatry, and sociology—have focused on the question why some children cope successfully with major adversities in their lives, while others develop severe and persistent psychopathology. The resilience these children display is conceived as an end-product of buffering processes that do not eliminate risks and stress in their hves, but that allow the individual to deal with them effectively (Rutter, 1987).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anthony, E. J. (1987). Children at high risk for psychosis growing up. In E. J. Anthony & B. J. Cohler (Eds.), The invulnerable child (pp. 147–184). New York: Guilford.
Bolger, K. E., & Patterson, C. (2003). Sequelae of child maltreatment: Vulnerability and resilience. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 156–181). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Bracken, B. A., & Lamprecht, M. S. (2003). Positive self-concept: An equal opportunity construct. School Psychology Quarterly, 18, 103–121.
Brennan, P., Le Broque, R., & Hammen, C. (2002, September). Resilience in children of depressed mothers: A focus on psychological, behavioral and social outcomes at age 15 years. Paper presented at the meeting of the Society for Life History Research is Psychopathology, New York.
Caspi, A., McClay, J., Moffitt, T. E., Mill, J., Martin, J., Craig, I. W. et al. (2002). Role of genotype in the cycle of violence in maltreated children. Science, 297, 851–853.
Caspi, A., Sugden, K., Moffitt, T. E., Taylor, A., Craig, I. W., Harrington, H. et al. (2003). Influence of life stress on depression: Moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science, 30, 386–389.
Cederblad, M. (1996). The children of the Lundby Study as adults: A salutogenic perspective. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 5, 38–43.
Egeland, B., Carlson, L., & Sroufe, L. A. (1993). Resilience as process. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 517–528.
Farber, E. A., & Egeland, B. (1987). Invulnerability among abused and neglected children. In E. J. Anthony & B. J. Cohler (Eds.), The invulnerable child (pp. 253–288). New York: Guilford.
Fergusson, D. M., & Horwood, J. L. (2003). Resilience to childhood adversity: Results of a 21-year study. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities, (pp. 130–155). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Fergusson, D. M., & Lynskey, M. T. (1996). Adolescent resiliency to family adversity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37(3), 281–292.
Gore, S., & Eckenrode, J. (1994). Context and process in research on risk and resilience. In R. J. Haggerty, L. R. Sherrod, N. Garmezy, & M. Rutter (Eds.), Stress, risk, and resilience in children and adolescents (pp. 19–63). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Grant, B. F. (2000). Estimates of U.S. children exposed to alcohol abuse and dependence in the family. American Journal of Public Health, 90, 112–115.
Herrenkohl, F. C., Herrenkohl, R. C., & Egolf, B. (1994). Resilient early school age children from maltreating homes: Outcomes in late adolescence. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 64, 301–309.
Hetherington, E. M. (1989). Coping with family transitions: Winners, losers, and survivors. Child Development, 60, 1–14.
Hetherington, E. M., & Elmore, A. M. (2003). Risk and resilience in children coping with their parents’ divorce and remarriage. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 182–212). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Hetherington, E. M., & Kelley, J. (2002). For better or for worse: Divorce reconsidered. New York: Norton.
Laucht, M., Esser, G., & Schmidt, M. H. (1999). Was wird aus Risikokindern? Ergebnisse der Mannheimer Längsschnittstudie im Überblick. In G. Opp, M. Fingerle, & A. Freytag (Eds.), Was Kinder stärkt (What Makes Children Strong?) (pp. 71–93). München: Ernst Reinhardt Verlag.
Losel, F., & Bliesener, T. (1990). Resilience in adolescence: A study on the generalizability of protective factors. In K. Hurrelmann & F. Losel (Eds.), Health hazards in adolescence (pp. 299–320). Berlin and New York: de Gruyter.
Luthar, S. S. (Ed.). (2003). Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000). The construct of resilience: A critical evaluation and guidelines for future work. Child Development, 71, 543–562.
Luthar, S. S., & Zelazo, L. B. (2003). Research on resilience: An integrative review. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 510–550). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Masten, A. S. (2003). Commentary: Developmental psychopathology as a unifying context for mental health and educational models, research and practice in schools. School Psychology Review, 32, 169–173.
Masten, A. S., & Powell, J. L. (2003). A resilience framework for research, policy, and practice. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 1–28). New York: Cambridge University Press.
McGee, R. (2003, June). Participation in clubs and groups from childhood to early adulthood: Effects on perceived competence and attachment. Poster session presented at the 11th Scientific Meeting of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Psychopathology, Sydney, Australia.
Mednick, S. A., Parnas, J., & Schulsinger, F. (1987). The Copenhagen High Risk Project. Schizophrenia, 16(3), 485–495.
Parnas, J., Cannon, T. D., Jacobsen, B., Schulsinger, H., Schulsinger, F., & Mednick, S. A. (1993). Lifetime DSM-III-R diagnostic outcomes in the offspring of schizophrenic mothers: Results from the Copenhagen High Risk Study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 707–714.
Radke-Yarrow, M., & Brown, E. (1993). Resilience and vulnerability in children of multiple-risk families. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 581–592.
Reynolds, A. J., & Ou, S. R. (2003). Promoting resilience through early childhood intervention. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 436–462). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Rutter, M. (1987). Psychosocial resilience and protective mechanisms. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 57, 216–331.
Rutter, M. (2000). Resilience reconsidered: Conceptual considerations, empirical findings, and policy implications. In J. P. Shonkoff & S. J. Meisels (Eds.), Handbook of early intervention (2nd ed., pp. 651–681). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Rutter, M. (2002). Nature, nurture, and development: From evangelism through science toward policy and practice. Child Development, 23, 1–21.
Sameroff, A., Gutman, L. M., & Peck, S. C. (2003). Adaptation among youth facing multiple risks: Prospective research findings. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 364–391). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Scarr, S. (1992). Developmental theories for the 1990’s: Development and individual differences. Child Development, 63, 1–19.
Schoon, I. (2001). Risk and resources: A developmental-contextual approach to the study of adaptation in the face of adversity. In R. K. Silbereisen & M. Reitzle (Eds.), Psychologie 2000. Berlin: Pabst Science Publishers.
Seifer, R., Sameroff, A. J., Baldwin, C. P., & Baldwin, A. (1992). Child and family factors that ameliorate risk between 4 and 13 years of age. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 31, 893–903.
Wadsworth, M. (1999). Ergebnisse der Resilienzforschung in Grossbritannien. In G. Opp, M. Fingerle, & A. Freytag (Eds.), Was Kinder stärkt (What Makes Children Strong?) (pp. 59–70). München: Ernst Reinhardt Verlag.
Wallerstein, J. S., & Blakeslee, S. (1989). Second chances: Men, women, and children a decade after divorce. New York: Ticknor Fields.
Wallerstein, J. S., & Kelley, J. B. (1980). Surviving the break-up: How children and parents cope with divorce. New York: Basic Books.
Werner, E. E., & Smith, R. S. (1989). Vulnerable but invincible: A longitudinal study of resilient children and youth. New York: Adams, Bannister, Cox (original work published by McGraw Hill, 1982).
Werner, E. E., & Smith, R. S. (1992). Overcoming the odds: High risk children from birth to adulthood. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Werner, E. E., & Smith, R. S. (2001). Journeys from childhood to midlife: Risk, resilience, and recovery. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Wyman, P. A. (2003). Emerging perspectives on context specificity of children’s adaptation and resilience: Evidence from a decade of research with urban children in adversity. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 293–317). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Yates, T. M., Egeland, B., & Sroufe, L. A. (2003). Rethinking resilience: A developmental process perspective. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 243–266). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Zucker, R., Wong, M. M., Puttler, L. I., & Fitzgerald, H. E. (2003). Resilience and vulnerability among sons of alcoholics: Relationship to developmental outcomes between early childhood and adolescence. In S. S. Luthar (Ed.), Resilience and vulnerability: Adaptation in the context of childhood adversities (pp. 76–103). New York: Cambridge University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Werner, E.E. (2005). What Can We Learn about Resilience from Large-Scale Longitudinal Studies?. In: Goldstein, S., Brooks, R.B. (eds) Handbook of Resilience in Children. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48572-9_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-48572-9_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-0-306-48571-8
Online ISBN: 978-0-306-48572-5
eBook Packages: Behavioral ScienceBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)