Abstract
Purpose
The purposes of this study are to examine the associations between pain coping strategies and daily diary-based pain measures and to determine whether these associations differed by race (African American and Caucasian).
Methods
Primary care patients from the Durham Veterans Affairs and Duke University Medical Centers (N = 153) with hand, hip, or knee osteoarthritis (OA) completed electronic pain diaries on a one-weekend day and one weekday. The maximum, range (maximum minus minimum pain), and area under the curve (AUC) of joint pain ratings were calculated. Pain coping (Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) coping attempts, catastrophizing, and praying/hoping subscale scores) was assessed prior to diary entries and at the end of each diary day (total, problem-focused, and emotion-focused scores from Stone and Neale's Daily Coping Inventory). Pearson correlations between pain variables and coping measures were examined. Linear mixed models were fit including age, race, weekend/weekday, study enrollment site, education level, pain medication use, self-rated health, Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales affect and function subscales, and interactions of coping measures with race and weekend day/weekday status.
Results
Correlations between coping and pain measures were 0.12–0.45. In adjusted models, maximum pain and pain range were associated with all three diary-based coping measures; maximum pain was associated with CSQ coping attempts; and AUC was associated with CSQ praying/hoping. Interactions were not significant.
Conclusions
Among participants with OA, pain coping strategies were related to important aspects of the pain experience, particularly pain range and maximum pain. However, race did not modify associations of pain coping strategy use and the pain experience.
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank our participants and Cameron Oddone and Jennifer Stock for the assistance with data collection. The authors also thank the following individuals for the assistance with identifying participants for this study: Dr. Martha Adams, Dr. Scott Joy, Dr. Sabina M. Lee, Dr. Evangeline Lausier, Dr. Bruce Peyser, and Dr. Kathleen A. Waite. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Veterans Affairs. This work was supported by a Health Professional New Investigator grant from the American College of Rheumatology Research and Education Foundation.
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Golightly, Y.M., Allen, K.D., Stechuchak, K.M. et al. Associations of Coping Strategies with Diary Based Pain Variables Among Caucasian and African American Patients with Osteoarthritis. Int.J. Behav. Med. 22, 101–108 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-013-9365-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-013-9365-3