Skip to main content
Mijn bibliotheek
Shop
Nieuws Boeken Tijdschriften E-learning Web-tv Video Audio
Tips voor Mijn BSL
UITGEBREID ZOEKEN
Inloggen
Top
Gepubliceerd in:
Validiteit hoofdstuk lezen eerste hoofdstuk lezen

2018 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

6. Knie

Auteurs : Dr. Arianne Verhagen, Drs. Jeroen Alessie

Gepubliceerd in: Evidence-based diagnostiek van het bewegingsapparaat

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail
    Link delen
publish
Publiceer nu

Samenvatting

In dit hoofdstuk wordt, aan de hand van een casus, het klinisch redeneerproces van de fysiotherapeut geschetst vanaf het moment dat de patiënt binnenkomt en de fysiotherapeut nog niet weet wat er aan de hand is. Het hoofdstuk start met algemene informatie over de epidemiologie van kniepijn, de risicofactoren en de prognose. Vervolgens wordt besproken wat er wetenschappelijk bekend is over de validiteit van de anamnese, het lichamelijk onderzoek, provocatietesten en beeldvormende diagnostiek in het valide diagnosticeren van subgroepen van patiënten met kniepijn.
vorige hoofdstuk Heup
volgende hoofdstuk Enkel/voet
Literatuur
Abdon P, Lindstrand A, Thorngren KG. Statistical evaluation of the diagnostic criteria for meniscal tears. Int Orthop. 1990;14(4):341–5.CrossRefPubMed
Akseki D, Özcan O, Boya H, Pınar H. A new weight-bearing meniscal test and a comparison with McMurray’s test and joint line tenderness. Arthroscopy 2004;20:951–8.CrossRef
Alizadeh A, Jandaghi AB, Zirak AK, Karimi A, Mardani-Kivi M, Rajabzadeh A. Knee sonography as a diagnostic test for medial meniscal tears in young patients. Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol. 2013;23:927–31.CrossRefPubMed
Altman R, Asch E, Bloch D, Bole G, Borenstein D, Brandt K, et al. Development of criteria for the classification and reporting of osteoarthritis. Classification of osteoarthritis of the knee. Diagnostic and therapeutic criteria committee of the American rheumatism association. Arthritis Rheum. 1986;29(8):1039–49.CrossRefPubMed
Apley A. The diagnosis of meniscus injuries. Some new clinical methods. J Bone Joint Surg. 1947;29:78–84.PubMed
Bachmann LM, Haberzeth S, Steurer J, Riet G ter. The accuracy of the Ottawa knee rule to rule out knee fractures: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2004 Jan 20;140(2):121–4.CrossRefPubMed
Baker BE, Peckham AC, Pupparo R, Sanborn JC. Review of meniscal injury and associated sports. Am J Sports Med. 1985;13:1–4.CrossRefPubMed
Barber Foss KD, Myer GD, Chen SS, Hewett TE. Expected prevalence from the differential diagnosis of anterior knee pain in adolescent female athletes during preparticipation screening. J Athl Train. 2012;47(5):519–24.CrossRef
Belo JN, Berger MY, Koes BW, Bierma-Zeinstra SM. Prognostic factors in adults with knee pain in general practice. Arthritis Rheum. 2009 Feb 15;61(2):143–51.CrossRef
Benjaminse A, Gokeler A, Schans CP van der. Clinical diagnosis of an anterior cruciate ligament rupture: a meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2006;36(5):267–88.CrossRef
Bevers K, Zweers MC, Ende CH van den, Martens HA, Mahler E, Bijlsma JW, Wakefield RJ, Hoogen FH van den, Broeder AA den. Ultrasonographic analysis in knee osteoarthritis: evaluation of inter-observer reliability. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2012;30(5):673–8.
Blyth M, Anthony I, Francq B, Brooksbank K, Downie P, Powell A, Jones B, MacLean A, McConnachie A, Norrie J. Diagnostic accuracy of the Thessaly test, standardised clinical history and other clinical examination tests (Apley’s, McMurray’s and joint line tenderness) for meniscal tears in comparison with magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis. Health Technol Assess. 2015;19(62):1–62.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Boden SD, Davis DO, Dina TS, Stoller DW, Brown SD, Vailas JC, Labropoulos PA. A prospective and blinded investigation of magnetic resonance imaging of the knee. Abnormal findings in asymptomatic subjects. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1992;282:177–85.
Boeree NR, Ackroyd CE. Assessment of the menisci and cruciate ligaments: an audit of clinical practice. Injury 1991;22(4):291–4.CrossRefPubMed
Boling M, Padua D, Marshall S, et al. Gender differences in the incidence and prevalence of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2010;20(5):725–30.CrossRef
Bron A, Migchelbrink F, Lugt J van der, Bierma-Zeinstra S, Thomas S, Verhagen A. Diagnostiek bij meniscusletsel; een systematische review. NTvF 2011;121:125–38.
Buchbinder R, Harris IA, Sprowson A. Management of degenerative meniscal tears and the role of surgery. Br J Sports Med. 2016;50:1413–6.CrossRefPubMed
Calmbach WL, Hutchens M. Evaluation of patients presenting with knee pain: Part I. History, physical examination, radiographs, and laboratory tests. Am Fam Physician 2003 Sep 1;68(5):907–12.
Chapple CM, Nicholson H, Baxter GD, Abbott JH. Patient characteristics that predict progression of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review of prognostic studies. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011;63(8):1115–25.CrossRefPubMed
Collins NJ, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Crossley KM, Linschoten RL van, Vicenzino B, Middelkoop M van. Prognostic factors for patellofemoral pain: a multicentre observational analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2013;47(4):227–33.CrossRefPubMed
Cook C, Hegedus E, Hawkins R, Scovell F, Wyland D. Diagnostic accuracy and association to disability of clinical test findings associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Physiother Can. 2010;62(1):17–24.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Cook C, MabrY L, Reiman MP, Hegedus EJ. Best tests/clinical findings for screening and diagnosis of patellofemoral pain syndrome: a systematic review. Physiotherapy 2012;98:93–100.CrossRefPubMed
Crawford R, Walley G, Bridgman S, Maffulli N. Magnetic resonance imaging versus arthroscopy in the diagnosis of knee pathology, concentrating on meniscal lesions and ACL tears: a systematic review. Br Med Bull. 2007;84:5–23.CrossRefPubMed
Cross M, Smith E, Hoy D, Nolte S, Ackerman I, Fransen M, et al. The global burden of hip and knee osteoarthritis: estimates from the global burden of disease 2010 study. Ann Rheum Dis. 2014;73(7):1323–30.CrossRefPubMed
Daniel DM, Stone ML, Barnett P, Sachs R. Use of the quadriceps active test to diagnose posterior cruciate-ligament disruption and measure posterior laxity of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1988;70:386–91.CrossRefPubMed
Dervin GF, Stiell IG, Wells GA, Rody K, Grabowski J. Physicians’ accuracy and interrator reliability for the diagnosis of unstable meniscal tears in patients having osteoarthritis of the knee. Can J Surg. 2001;44(4):267–74.
Deshpande BR, Losina E, Smith SR, Martin SD, Wright RJ, Katz JN. Association of MRI findings and expert diagnosis of symptomatic meniscal tear among middle-aged and older adults with knee pain. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016;17:154.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Diederichs G, Issever AS, Scheffler S. MR imaging of patellar instability: injury patterns and assessment of risk factors. Radiographics 2010;30(4):961–81.CrossRefPubMed
Eck CF van, Bekerom MPJ van den, Fu FH, Poolman RW, Kerkhoffs GMMJ. Methods to diagnose acute anterior cruciate ligament rupture: a meta-analysis of physical examinations with and without anaesthesia. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2013;21:1898–1903.
Emparanza JI, Aginaga JR. Validation of the Ottawa knee rules. Ann Emerg Med. 2001;38:364–8.CrossRefPubMed
Fernandes GS, Bhattacharya A, McWilliams DF, Ingham SL, Doherty M, Zhang W. Risk prediction model for knee pain in the Nottingham community: a Bayesian modeling approach. Arthr Res Ther. 2017;19:59.CrossRef
Finochietto R. Semilunar cartilages of the knee: the ‘‘jump sign’’. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1935;17:916Y21.
Flanigan DC, Harris JD, Trinh TQ, Siston RA, Brophy RH. Prevalence of chondral defects in athletes’ knees: a systematic review. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2010;42:1795–801.CrossRefPubMed
Galway HR, MacIntosh DL. The lateral pivot shift: a symptom and sign of anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency. Clin Orthop. 1980;147:45–50.
Gwinn DE, Wilckens JH, McDevitt ER, Ross G, Kao TC. The relative incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury in men and women at the United States Naval Academy. Am J Sports Med. 2000;28(1):98–102.CrossRefPubMed
Hannan MT, Felson DT, Pincus T. Analysis of the discordance between radiographic changes and knee pain in osteoarthritis of the knee. J Rheumatol. 2000;27:1513–7.PubMed
Hede A, Jensen DB, Blyme P, Sonne-Holm S. Epidemiology of meniscal lesions in the knee. Acta Orthop Scand. 1990;61(5):435–7.CrossRefPubMed
Hegedus EJ, Cook C, Hasselblad V, Goode A, McCrory DC. Physical examination tests for assessing a torn meniscus in the knee: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007;37(9):541–50.CrossRefPubMed
Heijden RA van der, Oei EH, Bron EE, Tiel J van, Veldhoven PL van, Klein S, Verhaar JA, Krestin GP, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Middelkoop M van. No difference on quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in patellofemoral cartilage composition between patients with patellofemoral pain and healthy controls. Am J Sports Med. 2016;44(5):1172–8.CrossRefPubMed
Heintjes EM, Berger MY, Koes BW, Bierma-Zeinstra SM. Knee disorders in primary care: design and patient selection of the HONEUR knee cohort. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2005;6:45.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Hootman JM, Dick R, Agel J. Epidemiology of collegiate injuries for 15 sports: summary and recommendations of injury prevention initiatives. J Athl Train. 2007;42:311–9.PubMedPubMedCentral
Jackson JL, O’Malley PG, Kroenke K. Evaluation of acute knee pain in primary care. Ann Intern Med. 2003 Oct 7;139(7):575–88.CrossRefPubMed
Karachalios T, Hantes M, Zibis AH, Zachos V, Karantanas AH, Malizos KN. Diagnostic accuracy of a new clinical test (the Thessaly test) for early detection of meniscal tears. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2005;87:955–62.CrossRefPubMed
Kastelein M, Luijsterburg PAJ, Wagemakers HPA, Bansraj SC, Berger MY, Koes BW, et al. Diagnostic value of history taking and physical examination to assess effusion of the knee in traumatic knee patients in general practice. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2009;90:82–6.CrossRefPubMed
Kastelein M, Luijsterburg PA, Belo JN, Verhaar JA, Koes BW, Bierma-Zeinstra SM. Six-year course and prognosis of nontraumatic knee symptoms in adults in general practice: a prospective cohort study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011;63(9):1287–94.CrossRefPubMed
Kornaat PR, Bloem JL, Ceulemans RY, Riyazi N, Rosendaal FR, Nelissen RG, et al. Osteoarthritis of the knee: association between clinical features and MR imaging findings. Radiology 2006;239:811–7.CrossRefPubMed
Lankhorst NE, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Middelkoop M van. Risk factors for patellofemoral pain syndrome: a systematic review. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2012;42(2):81–94.CrossRef
Lelli A, Turi RP di, Spenciner DB, Dòmini M. The “Lever Sign”: a new clinical test for the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament rupture. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2016;24(9):2794–7.CrossRefPubMed
Linden M van der, Westert G, Bakker D, Schellevis F. Tweede nationale studie naar ziekten en verrichtingen in de huisartspraktijk. Klachten en aandoeningen in de bevolking en in de huisartspraktijk. Utrecht/Bilthoven: NIVEL/RIVM; 2004.
Linschoten R van, Middelkoop M van, Berger MY, Heintjes EM, Verhaar JA, Willemsen SP, Koes BW, Bierma-Zeinstra SM. Supervised exercise therapy versus usual care for patellofemoral pain syndrome: an open label randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2009 Oct 20;339:b4074. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1136/​bmj.​b4074.
Lisdonk EH van de, Bosch WJHM van den, Lagro-Janssen ALM. Ziekten in de huisartspraktijk. 5e druk. Maarssen: Elsevier Gezondheidszorg; 2008.
Lubowitz JH, Bernardini BJ, Reid JB 3rd. Current concepts review: comprehensive physical examination for instability of the knee. Am J Sports Med. 2008;36(3):577–94.CrossRefPubMed
Lucena GL de, Santos Gomes C dos, Guerra RO. Prevalence and associated factors of Osgood-Schlatter syndrome in a population based sample of Brazilian adolescents. Am J Sports Med. 2011;39(2):415–20.
Malanga GA, Andrus S, Nadler SF, McLean J. Physical examination of the knee: a review of the original test description and scientific validity of common orthopedic tests. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;84:592–603.CrossRefPubMed
Manners PJ, Bower C. Worldwide prevalence of juvenile arthritis why does it vary so much? J Rheumatol. 2002;29:1520–30.PubMed
Massey PA, Harris JD, Winston LA, Lintner DM, Delgado DA, McCulloch PC. Critical analysis of the lever test for diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament insufficiency. Arthroscopy. 2017 Aug;33(8):1560–66.CrossRef
McMurray T. The semilunar cartilages. Br J Sports Med. 1942;29:407–14.
Meserve BB, Cleland JA, Boucher TR. A meta-analysis examining clinical test utilities for assessing meniscal injury. Clin Rehabil. 2008;22(2):143–61.CrossRefPubMed
Moses B, Orchard J, Orchard J. Systematic review: annual incidence of ACL injury and surgery in various populations. Res Sports Med. 2012;20(3–4):157–79.CrossRefPubMed
Muaidi QI, Nicholson LL, Refshauge KM, Herbert RD, Maher CG. Prognosis of conservatively managed anterior cruciate ligament injury: a systematic review. Sports Med. 2007;37(8):703–16.CrossRefPubMed
Muellner T, Nikolic A, Vecsei V. Recommendations for the diagnosis of traumatic meniscal injuries in athletes. Sports Med. 1999;27:337Y45.CrossRefPubMed
Nijs J, Geel G van, Auwera C van der, Velde B van de. Diagnostic value of five clinical tests in patellofemoral pain syndrome. Man Ther. 2006;11:69–77.CrossRefPubMed
Niu NN, Losina E, Martin SD, Wright J, Solomon DH, Katz JN. Development and preliminary validation of a meniscus symptom Index. Arthritis Care Res. 2011;63:208–15.CrossRef
Nunes GS, Stapait EL, Kirsten MH, Noronha M de, Santos GM. Clinical test for diagnosis of patellofemoral pain syndrome: systematic review with meta-analysis. Phys Ther Sport 2013;14(1):54–9.CrossRefPubMed
Odgaard F, Tuxoe J, Joergensen U, Lange B, Lausten G, Brettlau T, et al. Clinical decision making in the acutely injured knee based on repeat clinical examination and MRI. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2002;12(3):154–62.CrossRefPubMed
Oei EH, Nikken JJ, Verstijnen AC, Ginai AZ, Hunink MG. MR imaging of the menisci and cruciate ligaments: a systematic review. Radiology 2003;226(3):837–48.CrossRefPubMed
Okkes I, Oskam S, Boven K van, Lamberts H. EFP: episodes of care in family practice. Epidemiological data based on the routine use of the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) in the transition project of the university of Amsterdam (1985–2003) (CD-rom). Amsterdam: AMC; 2005.
Panken AM, Heymans MW, Oort L van, Verhagen AP. Clinical prognostic factors for patients with anterior knee pain in physical therapy: a systematic review. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2015;10(7):929–45.
Pihlajamaki HK, Kuikka PI, Leppanen VV, Kiuru MJ, Mattila VM. Reliability of clinical findings and magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of chondromalacia patellae. J Bone Joint Surg. 2010;92-A:927–34.CrossRefPubMed
Pookarnjanamorakot C, Korsantirat T, Woratanarat P. Meniscal lesions in the anterior cruciate insufficient knee: the accuracy of clinical evaluation. J Med Assoc Thai = Chotmaihet thangphaet. 2004;87(6):618–23.PubMed
Rathleff MS, Rathleff CR, Crossley KM, Barton CJ. Is hip strength a risk factor for patellofemoral pain? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(14):1088.CrossRefPubMed
Rathleff MS, Rathleff CR, Olesen JL, Rasmussen S, Roos EM. Is knee pain during adolescence a self-limiting condition? prognosis of patellofemoral pain and other types of knee pain. Am J Sports Med. 2016;44(5):1165–71.CrossRefPubMed
Reid CR, Bush PM, Cummings NH, McMullin DL, Durrani SK. A review of occupational knee disorders. J Occup Rehabil. 2010;20(4):489–501.CrossRefPubMed
Richmond SA, Fukuchi RK, Ezzat A, Schneider K, Schneider G, Emery CA. Are joint injury, sport activity, physical activity, obesity, or occupational activities predictors for osteoarthritis? A systematic review. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2013;43(8):515–B19.CrossRefPubMed
Riddle DL, Stratford PW, Perera RA. The incident tibiofemoral osteoarthritis with rapid progression phenotype: development and validation of a prognostic prediction rule. Osteoarth Cartilage. 2016;24:2100–7.CrossRef
Robertson W, Kelly BT, Green DW. Osteochondritis dissecans of the knee in children. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2003;15:38–44.CrossRefPubMed
Rubinstein RA Jr, Shelbourne KD, McCarroll JR, VanMeter CD, Rettig AC. The accuracy of the clinical examination in the setting of posterior cruciate ligament injuries. Am J Sports Med. 1994;22(4):550–7.CrossRefPubMed
Ryzewicz M, Peterson B, Siparsky PN, Bartz RL. The diagnosis of meniscus tears: the role of MRI and clinical examination. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2007;455:123–33.CrossRefPubMed
Santiago Restrepo C, Gimenez CR, McCarthy K. Imaging of osteomyelitis and musculoskeletal soft tissue infections: current concepts. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2003;29:89–109.CrossRefPubMed
Schulz MS, Russe K, Weiler A, Eichhorn HJ, Strobel MJ. Epidemiology of posterior cruciate ligament injuries. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2003;123:186–91.CrossRefPubMed
Shrier I, Boudier-Revéret M, Fahmy K. Understanding the different physical examination tests for suspected meniscal tears. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2010;9(5):284–9.CrossRefPubMed
Siegel L, Vandenakker-Albanese C, Siegel D. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries: anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, and management. Clin J Sport Med. 2012;22:349–55.CrossRefPubMed
Sinusas K. Osteoarthritis: diagnosis and treatment. Am Fam Physician. 2012 Jan 1;85(1):49–56.
Smith TO, Davies L, Toms AP, Hig CB, Donell ST. The reliability and validity of radiological assessment for patellar instability. A systematic review and meta-analysis. Skeletal Radiol. 2011;40:399–414.CrossRefPubMed
Smith TO, Drew BT, Toms AP, Donell ST, Hing CB. Accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging, magnetic resonance arthrography and computed tomography for the detection of chondral lesions of the knee. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2012a;20:2367–79.CrossRefPubMed
Smith TO, Clark A, Neda S, Arendt EA, Post WR, Grelsamer RP, Dejour D, Almqvist KF, Donell ST. The intra- and inter-observer reliability of the physical examination methods used to assess patients with patellofemoral joint instability. Knee 2012b;19(4):404–10.CrossRefPubMed
Smith TO, Cogan A, Patel S, Shakokani M, Toms AP, Donell ST. The intra- and inter-rater reliability of X-ray radiological measurements for patellar instability. Knee 2013;20(2):133–8.CrossRefPubMed
Snoeker BA, Bakker EW, Kegel CA, Lucas C. Risk factors for meniscal tears: a systematic review including meta-analysis. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2013;43(6):352–67.CrossRefPubMed
Snoeker BA, Lindeboom R, Zwinderman AH, Vincken PW, Jansen JA, Lucas C. Detecting meniscal tears in primary care: reproducibility and accuracy of 2 weight-bearing tests and 1 non-weight-bearing test. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015a;45(9):693–702.CrossRef
Snoeker BA, Zwinderman AH, Lucas C, Lindeboom R. A clinical prediction rule for meniscal tears in primary care: development and internal validation using a multicentre study. Br J Gen Pract. 2015b;65(637):e523–9.CrossRefPubMed
Strauss EJ, Kim S, Calcei JG, Park D. Iliotibial band syndrome: evaluation and management. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2011;19(12):728–36.CrossRefPubMed
Subhas N, Sakameto FA, Mariscalco MW, Polster JM, Obuchowski NA, Jones MH. Accuracy of MRI in the diagnosis of meniscal tears in older patients. AJR 2012;198:W575580.CrossRefPubMed
Suri P, Morgenroth DC, Hunter DJ. Epidemiology of osteoarthritis and associated comorbidities. PM R. 2012;4(5 Suppl):S10–9.CrossRefPubMed
Sweitzer BA, Cook C, Steadman JR, Hawkins RJ, Wyland DJ. The inter-rater reliability and diagnostic accuracy of patellar mobility tests in patients with anterior knee pain. Phys Sportsmed. 2010;38(3):90–6.CrossRefPubMed
Wagemakers HP, Heintjes EM, Boks SS, Berger MY, Verhaar JA, Koes BW, et al. Diagnostic value of history-taking and physical examination for assessing meniscal tears of the knee in general practice. Clin J Sport Med. 2008;18(1):24–30.CrossRefPubMed
Wagemakers HP, Luijsterburg PA, Boks SS, Heintjes EM, Berger MY, Verhaar JA, Koes BW, Bierma-Zeinstra SM. Diagnostic accuracy of history taking and physical examination for assessing anterior cruciate ligament lesions of the knee in primary care. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010;91(9):1452–9.CrossRefPubMed
Wagemakers HPA, Luijsterburg PAJ, Heintjes EM, Berger MY, Verhaar JAN, Koes BW, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA. Predictors of persistent complaints after knee injury in primary care. Br J Gen Pract. 2012;62(601):e561–6.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Waldstein W, Monsef BJ, Buckup J, Boettner F. The value of valgus stress radiographs in the workup for medial unicompartmental arthritis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2013;471(12):3998–4003.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Wild CY, Steele JR, Munro BJ. Why do girls sustain more anterior cruciate ligament injuries than boys?: a review of the changes in estrogen and musculoskeletal structure and function during puberty. Sports Med. 2012 Sep 1;42(9):733–49.CrossRefPubMed
Witvrouw E, Callaghan MJ, Stefanik JJ, Noehren B, Bazett-Jones DM, Willson JD, Earl-Boehm JE, Davis IS, Powers CM, McConnell J, Crossley KM. Patellofemoral pain: consensus statement from the 3rd international patellofemoral pain research retreat held in Vancouver, september 2013. Br J Sports Med. 2014;48(6):411–4.CrossRefPubMed
Yao K, Haque T. The Ottawa knee rules - a useful clinical decision tool. Aust Fam Physician 2012;41(4):223–4.
Zhang W, Doherty M, Peat G, Bierma-Zeinstra SM, Arden NK, Bresnihan B, et al. EULAR evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010;69:483–9.CrossRefPubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Knie
Auteurs
Dr. Arianne Verhagen
Drs. Jeroen Alessie
Copyright
2018
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Boek
Evidence-based diagnostiek van het bewegingsapparaat

Print ISBN: 978-90-368-2122-3

Elektronisch ISBN: 978-90-368-2123-0

Copyright: 2018

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-2123-0_6