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01-06-2021 | Original Paper

Joint Engagement, Parent Labels, and Language Development: Examining Everyday Interactions in Infant Siblings of Children with Autism

Auteurs: Emily J. Roemer, Elizabeth H. Kushner, Jana M. Iverson

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 5/2022

Abstract

This study examined joint engagement, parent labels, and language development in infants with an elevated (EL) and typical likelihood (TL) for ASD. Parent–child interactions were coded for joint engagement and parent labels at 12 and 18 months, and language skills were assessed later in toddlerhood for 12 EL infants diagnosed with ASD (EL-ASD), 17 EL infants with language delay (EL-LD), 14 EL infants with no diagnosis (EL-ND), and 12 TL infants. Infants spent substantial time in supported joint engagement and received similar rates of input from parents across outcome groups. However, parents of EL-ASD infants increased the rate of labels provided in coordinated joint engagement. While labels positively predicted language for TL infants, the opposite pattern emerged for EL-ASD infants.

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While the field has traditionally referred to EL infants as “high risk” (HR), this terminology conveys a view that having an autism spectrum diagnosis is inherently negative. While many individuals with autism need substantial support, many also view their autism as a positive aspect of their identity (e.g., Kenny et al., 2016; Robison, 2019). We use the terms “elevated likelihood” (EL) and “typical likelihood” (TL) here in place of the stigmatizing language predominant in the medical model of autism.

EL infants were evaluated at 36 months with the exception of one EL infant who was evaluated at 24 months of age and received an ASD diagnosis prior to withdrawing from the study. This participant is included in analyses.

Four infants (one in each outcome group) spent 0% of the observation at both 12 and 18 months in coordinated JE. An additional 8 infants (2 TL, 2 EL-ND, 0 EL-LD, 4 EL-ASD) at 12 months and 12 infants (1 TL, 2 EL-ND, 7 EL-LD, 2 EL-ASD) at 18 months spent 0% of the observation in coordinated JE.

For both the 12-month and 18-month regressions, analyses were performed with and without controlling for concurrent expressive language. The pattern of results for each model was the same, with two exceptions: when concurrent language was not included for 18-month labels in the overall observation and for 18-month labels in coordinated JE, the EL-ND interaction terms were also significant (ps < 0.05). Additionally, post-hoc analyses rotating the reference group with and without concurrent language were equivalent unless otherwise specified, and results are presented throughout with concurrent expressive language in the model.

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Titel: Joint Engagement, Parent Labels, and Language Development: Examining Everyday Interactions in Infant Siblings of Children with Autism
Auteurs: Emily J. Roemer
Elizabeth H. Kushner
Jana M. Iverson
Publicatiedatum: 01-06-2021
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 5/2022
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-05099-1

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