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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

15-07-2022

Joint Consideration of Inhibitory Control and Irritability in Young Children: Contributions to Emergent Psychopathology

Auteurs: Amanda N. Nili, Sheila Krogh-Jespersen, Susan B. Perlman, Ryne Estabrook, Amelie Petitclerc, Margaret J. Briggs-Gowan, Phil R. Sherlock, Elizabeth S. Norton, Laurie S. Wakschlag

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 11/2022

Abstract

Deficits in self-regulation capacity have been linked to subsequent impairment and clinical symptomology across the lifespan. Prior work has identified difficulty regulating angry emotions (i.e., irritability) as a powerful transdiagnostic indicator of current and future clinical concerns. Less is known regarding how irritability intersects with cognitive features of self-regulation, in particular inhibitory control, despite its mental health relevance. A promising avenue for improving specificity of clinical predictions in early childhood is multi-method, joint consideration of irritability and inhibitory control capacities. To advance early identification of impairment and psychopathology risk, we contrast group- and variable-based models of neurodevelopmental vulnerability at the interface of irritability and inhibitory control in contexts of varied motivational and emotional salience. This work was conducted in a longitudinal study of children recruited at well-child visits in Midwestern pediatric clinics at preschool age (N = 223, age range = 3–7 years). Group-based models (clustering and regression of clusters on clinical outcomes) indicated significant heterogeneity of self-regulation capacity in this sample. Meanwhile, variable-based models (continuous multiple regression) evidenced associations with concurrent clinical presentation, future symptoms, and impairment across the broad spectrum of psychopathology. Irritability transdiagnostically indicated internalizing and externalizing problems, concurrently and longitudinally. In contrast, inhibitory control was uniquely associated with attention-deficit/hyperactivity symptoms. We present these findings to advance a joint consideration approach to two promising indicators of neurodevelopmental vulnerability and mental health risk. Models suggest that both emotional and cognitive self-regulation capacities can address challenges in characterizing the developmental unfolding of psychopathology from preschool to early childhood age.

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Clusters are presented in Fig. 1 along WAM (inhibitory control), WAM change (inhibitory modulation), amd MAP-DB (irritability) score axes.

Of note, the unstandardized mean change score of this population is slightly above 0, which indicates minimal objective improvement between the first and last trials of the WAM; z-scores speak to relative improvement (or lack thereof) within the analytic sample.

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Titel: Joint Consideration of Inhibitory Control and Irritability in Young Children: Contributions to Emergent Psychopathology
Auteurs: Amanda N. Nili
Sheila Krogh-Jespersen
Susan B. Perlman
Ryne Estabrook
Amelie Petitclerc
Margaret J. Briggs-Gowan
Phil R. Sherlock
Elizabeth S. Norton
Laurie S. Wakschlag
Publicatiedatum: 15-07-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 11/2022
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-022-00945-x

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