Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 5/2019

04-01-2019 | OriginalPaper

Intuitive Moral Reasoning in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Matter of Social Schemas?

Auteurs: Ulrich Max Schaller, Monica Biscaldi, Thomas Fangmeier, Ludger Tebartz van Elst, Reinhold Rauh

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 5/2019

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Using a schema-theoretical perspective in the field of moral cognition, we assessed response behavior of adolescent (n = 15) and adult (n = 22) individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in comparison with adolescent (n = 22) and adult (n = 22) neurotypically developed controls. We conceptualized the Intuitive Moral Reasoning Test—in five moral dilemmas, participants had to choose between two alternative actions and assess their decision with respect to emotional valence, arousal, moral acceptability and permissibility from both the perspective of the acting person and then of the victim. Patients with ASD displayed a different decision and response behavior, particularly when the dilemmas were based on extreme life situations in combination with a social schema involving close social relationships.
Bijlagen
Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Literatuur
go back to reference Baron-Cohen, S. (2005). Autism-’autos’: Literally, a total focus on the self? In T. E. Feinberg & J. P. Keenan (Eds.), The lost self: Pathologies of the brain and identity. (pp. 166–180). New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRef Baron-Cohen, S. (2005). Autism-’autos’: Literally, a total focus on the self? In T. E. Feinberg & J. P. Keenan (Eds.), The lost self: Pathologies of the brain and identity. (pp. 166–180). New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
go back to reference Baron-Cohen, S., Richler, J., Bisarya, D., Gurunathan, N., & Wheelwright, S. (2003). The systemizing quotient: An investigation of adults with Asperger Syndrome or high-functioning autism, and normal sex differences. In U. Frith & E. Hill (Ed.), Autism: Mind and brain (vol. 358, pp. 161–186). Oxford: University Press. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1206.CrossRef Baron-Cohen, S., Richler, J., Bisarya, D., Gurunathan, N., & Wheelwright, S. (2003). The systemizing quotient: An investigation of adults with Asperger Syndrome or high-functioning autism, and normal sex differences. In U. Frith & E. Hill (Ed.), Autism: Mind and brain (vol. 358, pp. 161–186). Oxford: University Press. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1098/​rstb.​2002.​1206.CrossRef
go back to reference Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., Martin, J., & Clubley, E. (2001). The Autism Spectrum Quotient: Evidence from Asperger syndrome/high functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 5–17. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005653411471.CrossRef Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S., Skinner, R., Martin, J., & Clubley, E. (2001). The Autism Spectrum Quotient: Evidence from Asperger syndrome/high functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 5–17. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1023/​A:​1005653411471.CrossRef
go back to reference Blair, R. J. (1996). Brief report: Morality in the Autistic Child1. [Report]. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 26(5), 571–579.CrossRef Blair, R. J. (1996). Brief report: Morality in the Autistic Child1. [Report]. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 26(5), 571–579.CrossRef
go back to reference Bölte, S., Poustka, F., & Constantino, J. N. (2008). Assessing autistic traits: Cross-cultural validation of the social responsiveness scale (SRS). Autism Research: Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research, 1(6), 354–363. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.49.CrossRef Bölte, S., Poustka, F., & Constantino, J. N. (2008). Assessing autistic traits: Cross-cultural validation of the social responsiveness scale (SRS). Autism Research: Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research, 1(6), 354–363. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1002/​aur.​49.CrossRef
go back to reference Bölte, S., Rühl, D., Schmötzer, G., & Poustka, F. (2005). Diagnostisches Interview für Autistische Störungen revidiert (ADI-R). Deutsche Fassung des Autism Diagnostic Interview-revised. Bern: Huber. Bölte, S., Rühl, D., Schmötzer, G., & Poustka, F. (2005). Diagnostisches Interview für Autistische Störungen revidiert (ADI-R). Deutsche Fassung des Autism Diagnostic Interview-revised. Bern: Huber.
go back to reference Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis. Chichester: Wiley.CrossRef Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P. T., & Rothstein, H. R. (2009). Introduction to meta-analysis. Chichester: Wiley.CrossRef
go back to reference Brewer, R., Marsh, A., Catmur, C., Cardinale, E. M., Stoycos, S., Cook, R., … Al, B. E. T. (2015). The impact of Autism Spectrum Disorder and alexithymia on judgments of moral acceptability. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 124(3), 589–595.CrossRef Brewer, R., Marsh, A., Catmur, C., Cardinale, E. M., Stoycos, S., Cook, R., … Al, B. E. T. (2015). The impact of Autism Spectrum Disorder and alexithymia on judgments of moral acceptability. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 124(3), 589–595.CrossRef
go back to reference Cattell, R. R. B. (1963). Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(1), 1–22.CrossRef Cattell, R. R. B. (1963). Theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence: A critical experiment. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(1), 1–22.CrossRef
go back to reference Fahrenberg, J., Hampel, R., & Selg, H. (2001). FPI-R: Freiburg personality inventory—Revised version. Göttingen: Hogrefe. Fahrenberg, J., Hampel, R., & Selg, H. (2001). FPI-R: Freiburg personality inventory—Revised version. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
go back to reference Happé, F. G. (1995). The role of age and verbal ability in the theory of mind task performance of subjects with autism. Child Development, 66(3), 843–855.CrossRef Happé, F. G. (1995). The role of age and verbal ability in the theory of mind task performance of subjects with autism. Child Development, 66(3), 843–855.CrossRef
go back to reference Hoernig, R., Rauh, R., & Strube, G. (1993). EVENTS–II: Modeling event recognition. In G. Strube & K. F. Wender (Eds.), The Cognitive Psychology of Knowledge (pp. 113–138). Amsterdam: North-Holland.CrossRef Hoernig, R., Rauh, R., & Strube, G. (1993). EVENTS–II: Modeling event recognition. In G. Strube & K. F. Wender (Eds.), The Cognitive Psychology of Knowledge (pp. 113–138). Amsterdam: North-Holland.CrossRef
go back to reference Hume, D. (2000/1739). A treatise of human nature. In D. F. Norton & M. J. Norton (Eds.) A treatise of human nature (Oxford Phi). Oxford: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. Hume, D. (2000/1739). A treatise of human nature. In D. F. Norton & M. J. Norton (Eds.) A treatise of human nature (Oxford Phi). Oxford: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
go back to reference Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Kahneman, D. (2011). Thinking, fast and slow. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
go back to reference Kant, I. (1995/1787). Kritik der reinen Vernunft. (W. Weischedel, Ed.) (Werkausgab). Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp Verlag. Kant, I. (1995/1787). Kritik der reinen Vernunft. (W. Weischedel, Ed.) (Werkausgab). Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp Verlag.
go back to reference Klin, A., Jones, W., Schultz, R., Volkmar, F., Cohen, D., & Article, O. (2002). Visual fixation patterns during viewing of naturalistic social situations as predictors of social competence in individuals with autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59(9), 809–816.CrossRef Klin, A., Jones, W., Schultz, R., Volkmar, F., Cohen, D., & Article, O. (2002). Visual fixation patterns during viewing of naturalistic social situations as predictors of social competence in individuals with autism. Archives of General Psychiatry, 59(9), 809–816.CrossRef
go back to reference Kohlberg, L. (1981). Essays on moral development: Moral stages and the idea of justice. San Francisco: Harper & Row. Kohlberg, L. (1981). Essays on moral development: Moral stages and the idea of justice. San Francisco: Harper & Row.
go back to reference Kupfer, J., Brosig, B., & Brähler, E. (2000). Testing and validation of the 26-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale in a representative population sample. Zeitschrift fur Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, 46(4), 368–384.CrossRef Kupfer, J., Brosig, B., & Brähler, E. (2000). Testing and validation of the 26-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale in a representative population sample. Zeitschrift fur Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, 46(4), 368–384.CrossRef
go back to reference Luhmann, N. (2008). Die Moral der Gesellschaft. (D. Horster, Ed.), 1st ed. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Luhmann, N. (2008). Die Moral der Gesellschaft. (D. Horster, Ed.), 1st ed. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp.
go back to reference Perner, J., & Lang, B. (2000). Theory of mind and executive function: Is there a developmental relationship. In S. Baron-Cohen, H. Tager-Flusberg & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Understanding other minds: Perspectives from developmental cognitive neuroscience (2nd ed., pp. 150–181). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Perner, J., & Lang, B. (2000). Theory of mind and executive function: Is there a developmental relationship. In S. Baron-Cohen, H. Tager-Flusberg & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Understanding other minds: Perspectives from developmental cognitive neuroscience (2nd ed., pp. 150–181). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
go back to reference Piaget, J. (1965). The moral judgment of the child. New York: Free Press. Piaget, J. (1965). The moral judgment of the child. New York: Free Press.
go back to reference Rühl, D., Bölte, S., Feineis-Matthews, S., & Poustka, F. (2004). Diagnostische Beobachtungsskala für Autistische Störungen (ADOS). Deutsche Fassung der Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. Bern: Huber. Rühl, D., Bölte, S., Feineis-Matthews, S., & Poustka, F. (2004). Diagnostische Beobachtungsskala für Autistische Störungen (ADOS). Deutsche Fassung der Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule. Bern: Huber.
go back to reference Tebartz van Elst, L. (2015). Freiheit (1st ed.). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer. Tebartz van Elst, L. (2015). Freiheit (1st ed.). Stuttgart: Kohlhammer.
go back to reference Weiß, R. H. (2008). CFT20-R. Grundintelligenzskala 2—Revision. Göttingen: Hogrefe. Weiß, R. H. (2008). CFT20-R. Grundintelligenzskala 2—Revision. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
Metagegevens
Titel
Intuitive Moral Reasoning in High-Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Matter of Social Schemas?
Auteurs
Ulrich Max Schaller
Monica Biscaldi
Thomas Fangmeier
Ludger Tebartz van Elst
Reinhold Rauh
Publicatiedatum
04-01-2019
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 5/2019
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-03869-y

Andere artikelen Uitgave 5/2019

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 5/2019 Naar de uitgave