Top

Optie A:

Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
Optie B:

Deel de link per e-mail
Link delen

vorige artikel The Clemson Juvenile Delinquency Project: Major...

volgende artikel Parent–Adolescent Attachment and Academic Adjus...

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

19-04-2017 | Original Paper | Uitgave 8/2017

Intimate and Relational Loneliness in Adolescence

Tijdschrift:: Journal of Child and Family Studies > Uitgave 8/2017

Auteurs:: Marlies Maes, Janne Vanhalst, Wim Van den Noortgate, Luc Goossens

» Toegang tot de volledige tekst krijgen

Abstract

Research on peer-related loneliness in adolescence has paid insufficient attention to the distinction between intimate loneliness (i.e., in a dyadic relationship with a friend) and relational loneliness (i.e., in the broader peer group). This study examined the correlations among a broad set of loneliness scales. A sample of adolescents from Belgium (n = 282; 60% female) completed 8 subscales of 6 established loneliness measures. Results revealed high correlations among these measures. At the same time, confirmatory factor analysis revealed the two expected factors, reflecting intimate and relational loneliness. Furthermore, it was found that boys experienced on average more intimate loneliness than girls, and girls experienced on average more relational loneliness than boys. As different types of loneliness are related to problems in different domains, and adolescents may experience one type of loneliness but not the other, it is essential to know which loneliness measure taps into which type of loneliness. The present study not only provides evidence for the distinction between intimate and relational loneliness, but also shows which type is covered by which of six commonly used loneliness measures. Based on these findings, researchers can now make a more deliberate selection of scales for future research, and can better interpret and integrate findings from previous studies that used different loneliness measures.

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Hier inloggen

Met onderstaand(e) abonnement(en) heeft u direct toegang:

BSL Psychologie Totaal

Met BSL Psychologie Totaal blijft u als professional steeds op de hoogte van de nieuwste ontwikkelingen binnen uw vak. Met het online abonnement heeft u toegang tot een groot aantal boeken, protocollen, vaktijdschriften en e-learnings op het gebied van psychologie en psychiatrie. Zo kunt u op uw gemak en wanneer het u het beste uitkomt verdiepen in uw vakgebied.

Meer informatie

Asher, S. R., Hymel, S., & Renshaw, P. D. (1984). Loneliness in children. Child Development, 55, 1456–1464. doi: 10.2307/1130015. CrossRef

Asher, S. R., & Wheeler, V. A. (1985). Children’s loneliness: A comparison of rejected and neglected peer status. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 53, 500–505. CrossRefPubMed

Baumeister, R. F., & Leary, M. R. (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497–529. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.117.3.497. CrossRefPubMed

Baumeister, R. F., & Sommer, K. L. (1997). What do men want? Gender differences and two spheres of belongingness: Comment on Cross and Madson (1997). Psychological Bulletin, 122, 38–44. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.122.1.38. CrossRefPubMed

Bollen, K. A. (1989). Structural equations with latent variables. New York, NY: Wiley. CrossRef

Bossaert, G., Colpin, H., Pijl, S. J., & Petry, K. (2012). Loneliness among students with special educational needs in mainstream seventh grade. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33, 1888–1897. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2012.05.010. CrossRefPubMed

Cacioppo, J. T., Cacioppo, S., Cole, S. W., Capitanio, J. P., Goossens, L., & Boomsma, D. I. (2015a). Loneliness across phylogeny and a call for comparative studies and animal models. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10, 202–212. doi: 10.1177/1745691614564876. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Cacioppo, S., Grippo, A. J., London, S., Goossens, L., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2015b). Loneliness: Clinical import and interventions. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10, 238–249. doi: 10.1177/1745691615570616. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Chen, F. F. (2007). Sensitivity of goodness of fit indexes to lack of measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 14, 464–504. doi: 10.1080/10705510701301834. CrossRef

Cheung, G. W., & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 233–255. doi: 10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5. CrossRef

Corsano, P., Majorano, M., & Champretavy, L. (2006). Psychological well-being in adolescence: The contribution of interpersonal relations and experience of being alone. Adolescence, 41, 341–353. PubMed

Cramer, K. M., & Barry, J. E. (1999). Conceptualizations and measures of loneliness: A comparison of subscales. Personality and Individual Differences, 27, 491–502. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(98)00257-8. CrossRef

De Jong Gierveld, J., & Kamphuis, F. (1985). The development of a Rasch-Type loneliness scale. Applied Psychological Measurement, 9, 289–299. doi: 10.1177/014662168500900307. CrossRef

DiTommaso, E., Brannen, C., & Best, L. A. (2004). Measurement and validity characteristics of the short version of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 64, 99–119. doi: 10.1177/0013164403258450. CrossRef

DiTommaso, E., & Spinner, B. (1993). The development and initial validation of the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults (SELSA). Personality and Individual Differences, 14, 127–134. doi: 10.1016/0191-8869(93)90182-3. CrossRef

Dykstra, P. A., Van Tilburg, T. G., & De Jong Gierveld, J. (2005). Changes in older adult loneliness: Results from a seven-year longitudinal study. Research on Aging, 27, 725–747. doi: 10.1177/0164027505279712. CrossRef

Ebesutani, C., Drescher, C. F., Reise, S. P., Heiden, L., Hight, T. L., Damon, J. D., & Young, J. (2012). The importance of modelling method effects: Resolving the (uni)dimensionality of the loneliness questionnaire. Journal of Personality Assessment, 94, 186–195. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2011.627967. CrossRefPubMed

Ernst, J. M., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1999). Lonely hearts: Psychological perspectives on loneliness. Applied and Preventive Psychology, 8, 1–22. doi: 10.1016/s0962-1849(99)80008-0. CrossRef

Fernandez, K., Boccaccini, M. T., & Noland, R. M. (2007). Professionally responsible test selection for Spanish-speaking clients: A four-step approach for identifying and selecting translated tests. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 38, 363–374. doi: 10.1037/0735-7028.38.4.363. CrossRef

Gardner, W. L., & Gabriel, S. (2004). Gender differences in relational and collective interdependence: Implications for self-views, social behavior, and subjective well-being. In A. H. Eagly, A. E. Beall, R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), The psychology of gender. 2nd ed. (pp. 169–191). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Geisinger, K. F. (1994). Cross-cultural normative assessment: Translation and adaptation issues influencing the normative interpretation of assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment, 6, 304–312. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.6.4.304. CrossRef

Goossens, L., & Beyers, W. (2002). Comparing measures of childhood loneliness: Internal consistency and confirmatory factor analysis. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 31, 252–262. doi: 10.1207/153744202753604520. CrossRefPubMed

Goossens, L., Beyers, W., Emmen, M., & Van Aken, M. A. (2002). The imaginary audience and personal fable: Factor analyses and concurrent validity of the “New Look” measures. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 12, 193–215. doi: 10.1111/1532-7795.00031. CrossRef

Goossens, L., Klimstra, T., Luyckx, K., Vanhalst, J., & Teppers, E. (2014). Reliability and validity of the Roberts UCLA Loneliness Scale (RULS-8) with Dutch-speaking adolescents in Belgium. Psychologica Belgica, 54, 5–18. doi: 10.5334/pb.ae. CrossRef

Goossens, L., Lasgaard, M., Luyckx, K., Vanhalst, J., Mathias, S., & Masy, E. (2009). Loneliness and solitude in adolescence: A confirmatory factor analysis of alternative models. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 890–894. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2009.07.011. CrossRef

Goossens, L., & Marcoen, A. (1999). Relationships during adolescence: Constructive vs. negative themes and relational dissatisfaction. Journal of Adolescence, 22, 65–79. doi: 10.1006/jado.1998.0201. CrossRefPubMed

Goossens, L., Van Roekel, E., Verhagen, M., Cacioppo, J. T., Cacioppo, S., Maes, M., & Boomsma, D. I. (2015). The genetics of loneliness: Linking evolutionary theory to genome-wide genetics, epigenetics, and social science. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10, 213–226. doi: 10.1177/1745691614564878. CrossRefPubMed

Harter, S. (1985). Manual for the self-perception profile for children. Denver, CO: University of Denver.

Hayden, L. K. (1989). Children’s loneliness (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Heinrich, L. A., & Gullone, E. (2006). The clinical significance of loneliness: A literature review. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 695–718. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2006.04.002. CrossRefPubMed

Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions, and organizations across nations. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Holt-Lunstad, J., Smith, T. B., Baker, M., Harris, T., & Stephenson, D. (2015). Loneliness and social isolation as risk factors for mortality: A meta-analytic review. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10, 227–237. doi: 10.1177/1745691614568352. CrossRefPubMed

Hoza, B., Bukowski, W. M., & Beery, S. (2000). Assessing peer network and dyadic loneliness. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 29, 119–128. doi: 10.1207/S15374424jccp2901_12. CrossRefPubMed

Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6, 1–55. doi: 10.1080/10705519909540118. CrossRef

Kef, S., Hox, J., & Habekothe, H. (2000). Social networks of visually impaired and blind adolescents: Structure and effect on well-being. Social Networks, 22, 73–91. doi:10.1016/S0378-8733%2800%2900022-8. CrossRef

Koenig, L. J., & Abrams, R. F. (1999). Adolescent loneliness and adjustment: A focus on gender differences. In K. J. Rotenberg, S. Hymel (Eds.), Loneliness in childhood and adolescence (pp. 296–322). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. CrossRef

Ladd, G. W., Kochenderfer, B. J., & Coleman, C. C. (1997). Classroom peer acceptance, friendship, and victimization: Distinct relational systems that contribute uniquely to children’s school adjustment? Child Development, 68, 1181–1197. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.1997.tb01993.x. CrossRefPubMed

Larson, R. W., Richards, M. H., Moneta, G., Holmbeck, G., & Duckett, E. (1996). Changes in adolescents’ daily interactions with their families from ages 10 to 18: Disengagement and transformation. Developmental Psychology, 32, 744–754. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.32.4.744. CrossRef

Lasgaard, M. (2007). Reliability and validity of the Danish version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 42, 1359–1366. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2006.10.013. CrossRef

Lasgaard, M., Goossens, L., Bramsen, R. H., Trillingsgaard, T., & Elklit, A. (2011). Different sources of loneliness are associated with different forms of psychopathology in adolescence. Journal of Research in Personality, 45, 233–237. doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2010.12.005. CrossRef

Little, R. J. A. (1988). A test of missing completely at random for multivariate data with missing values. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 83, 1198–1202. doi: 10.2307/2290157. CrossRef

Maes, M., Klimstra, T., Van den Noortgate, W., & Goossens, L. (2015a). Factor structure and measurement invariance of a multidimensional loneliness scale: Comparisons across gender and age. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 6, 1829–1837. doi: 10.1007/s10826-014-9986-4. CrossRef

Maes, M., Van den Noortgate, W., & Goossens, L. (2015b). A reliability generalization study for a multidimensional loneliness scale: The loneliness and aloneness scale for children and adolescents. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 31, 294–301. doi: 10.1027/1015-5759/a000237.

Maes, M., Van den Noortgate, W., Vanhalst, J., Beyers, W., & Goossens, L. (2017). The Children’s Loneliness Scale: Factor structure and construct validity in Belgian children. Assessment, 24, 244–251. doi: 10.1177/1073191115605177.

Maes, M., Vanhalst, J., Spithoven, A. W., Van Den Noortgate, W., & Goossens, L. (2016). Loneliness and attitudes toward aloneness in adolescence: A person-centered approach. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45, 547–567. doi: 10.1007/s10964-015-0354-5. CrossRefPubMed

Marcoen, A., Goossens, L., & Caes, P. (1987). Loneliness in pre through late adolescence: Exploring the contributions of a multidimensional approach. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16, 561–577. doi: 10.1007/bf02138821. CrossRefPubMed

McDougall, P., & Hymel, S. (1998). Moving into middle school: Individual differences in the transition experience. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 30, 108–120. doi: 10.1037/h0085811. CrossRef

Meeus, W., & Deković, M. (1995). Identity development, parental and peer support in adolescence: Results of a national Dutch survey. Adolescence, 30, 931–944. PubMed

Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998). Mplus user’s guide. 7th ed. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén. 2015.

Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1981). Toward a social psychology of loneliness. In S. Duck, R. Gilmour (Eds.), Personal relationships in disorder (pp. 31–56). London: Academic Press. Vol. 3.

Qualter, P., Vanhalst, J., Harris, R. A., Van Roekel, E., Lodder, G., Bangee, M., Maes, M., Verhagen, M. (2015). Loneliness across ontogeny. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 10, 250–264. doi: 10.1177/1745691615568999

Rose, A. J., & Rudolph, K. D. (2006). A review of sex differences in peer relationship processes: Potential trade-offs for the emotional and behavioral development of girls and boys. Psychological Bulletin, 132, 98–131. doi: 10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.98. CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Rubin, K. H., Bukowski, W. M., & Bowker, J. C. (2015). Children in peer groups. In R. M. Lerner (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology and developmental science. 7th ed. (pp. 175–220). New York, NY: Wiley.

Rubin, K. H., Chen, X. Y., Mcdougall, P., Bowker, A., & Mckinnon, J. (1995). The Waterloo Longitudinal Project: Predicting internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescence. Development and Psychopathology, 7, 751–764. doi: 10.1017/S0954579400006829. CrossRef

Russell, D., Peplau, L. A., & Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 39, 472–480. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.39.3.472. CrossRefPubMed

Russell, D. W. (1996). UCLA loneliness scale (Version 3): Reliability, validity, and factor structure. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66, 20 doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_2. CrossRefPubMed

Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (1994). Corrections to test statistics and standard errors in covariance structure analysis. In A. V. Eye, C. C. Clogg (Eds.), Latent variables analysis: Applications for developmental research (pp. 399–419). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (2001). A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika, 66, 507–514. doi: 10.1007/BF02296192. CrossRef

Scharf, M., Wiseman, H., & Farah, F. (2011). Parent-adolescent relationships and social adjustment: The case of a collectivistic culture. International Journal of Psychology, 46, 177–190. doi: 10.1080/00207594.2010.528424. CrossRefPubMed

Schmidt, N., & Sermat, V. (1983). Measuring loneliness in different relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 1038–1047. doi: 10.1037/0022-3514.44.5.1038. CrossRef

Sullivan, H. S. (1953). The interpersonal theory of psychiatry. New York, NY: Norton.

Terrell-Deutsch, B. (1993). Loneliness in children: Theoretical issues and research problems. Enfance, 47, 279–294. doi: 10.3406/enfan.1993.2062. CrossRef

Terrell-Deutsch, B. (1999). The conceptualization and measurement of childhood loneliness. In K. J. Rotenberg, S. Hymel (Eds.), Loneliness in childhood and adolescence (pp. 11–33). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. CrossRef

Van de Schoot, R., Lugtig, P., & Hox, J. (2012). A checklist for testing measurement invariance. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 9, 486–492. doi: 10.1080/17405629.2012.686740. CrossRef

Van De Vijver, F., & Tanzer, N. K. (2004). Bias and equivalence in cross-cultural assessment: An overview. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée/European Review of Applied Psychology, 54, 119–135. doi: 10.1016/j.erap.2003.12.004. CrossRef

Vandenberg, R. J., & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3, 4–70. doi: 10.1177/109442810031002. CrossRef

Vanhalst, J., Rassart, J., Luyckx, K., Goossens, E., Apers, S., Goossens, L., & Moons, P. (2013). Trajectories of loneliness in adolescents with congenital heart disease: Associations with depressive symptoms and perceived health. Journal of Adolescent Health, 53, 342–349. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.03.027. CrossRefPubMed

Vassar, M., & Crosby, J. W. (2008). A reliability generalization study of coefficient alpha for the UCLA Loneliness Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 90, 601–607. doi: 10.1080/00223890802388624. CrossRefPubMed

Weeks, M. S., & Asher, S. R. (2012). Loneliness in childhood: Toward the next generation of assessment and research. Advances in Child Development and Behavior, 42, 1–39. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-394388-0.00001-0. CrossRefPubMed

Weiss, R. S. (1973). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Whitehouse, A. J., Durkin, K., Jaquet, E., & Ziatas, K. (2009). Friendship, loneliness and depression in adolescents with Asperger’s syndrome. Journal of Adolescence, 32, 309–322. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.03.004. CrossRefPubMed

Wols, A., Scholte, R., & Qualter, P. (2015). Prospective associations between loneliness and emotional intelligence. Journal of Adolescence, 39, 40–48. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.12.007. CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Intimate and Relational Loneliness in Adolescence
Auteurs:: Marlies Maes
Janne Vanhalst
Wim Van den Noortgate
Luc Goossens
Publicatiedatum: 19-04-2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-017-0722-8
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Tijdschrift: Journal of Child and Family Studies
Uitgave 8/2017
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Tip

Swipe om te navigeren naar een ander artikel

Abstract

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Met onderstaand(e) abonnement(en) heeft u direct toegang:

BSL Psychologie Totaal

Andere artikelen Uitgave 8/2017

The Relationship between Helicopter Parenting and Adjustment to College

Late Adoptions: Attachment Security and Emotional Availability in Mother–Child and Father–Child Dyads

The Clemson Juvenile Delinquency Project: Major Findings from a Multi-Agency Study

Intimate Partner Violence in Same-Sex Relationships and The Role of Sexual Minority Stressors: A Systematic Review of the Past 10 Years

First-Year Maternal Employment and Adolescent Externalizing Behavior

Verbal Information Transfer in Real-Life: When Mothers Worry About Their Child Starting School