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Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders

Gepubliceerd in:

03-10-2023 | Original Paper

Intact Utilization of Contextual Information in Speech Categorization in Autism

Auteurs: Yafit Gabay, Eva Reinisch, Dana Even, Nahal Binur, Bat-Sheva Hadad

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 10/2024

Abstract

Current theories of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) suggest atypical use of context in ASD, but little is known about how these atypicalities influence speech perception. We examined the influence of contextual information (lexical, spectral, and temporal) on phoneme categorization of people with ASD and in typically developed (TD) people. Across three experiments, we found that people with ASD used all types of contextual information for disambiguating speech sounds to the same extent as TD; yet they exhibited a shallower identification curve when phoneme categorization required temporal processing. Overall, the results suggest that the observed atypicalities in speech perception in ASD, including the reduced sensitivity observed here, cannot be attributed merely to the limited ability to utilize context during speech perception.

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We refer here strictly to the effects of preceding context, that are mostly relevant to the preset study. Note, however, that following acoustic context can also influence perception (e.g., Miller, & Grosjean, 1997; Toscano & McMurray, 2012; Stilp, 2020).

Note that in some studies on speech rate this trial-by-trial context is referred to as the “distal speech rate context” as opposed to “global speech rate context” for which expectations are built over the whole experiment (for discussions see e.g., Maslowski, et al. 2020, Reinisch and Bosker, 2022). The present study is exclusively concerned with rate context that varies on a trial-by-trial basis.

It should be noted that although no hearing screening methods were used, all ASD participants had normal hearing as indicated by their psychological assessments. In addition, none of the participants reported hearing impairments. Finally, the observation that both groups exhibited similar context effects reduces the possibility of hearing problems in our sample.

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Titel: Intact Utilization of Contextual Information in Speech Categorization in Autism
Auteurs: Yafit Gabay
Eva Reinisch
Dana Even
Nahal Binur
Bat-Sheva Hadad
Publicatiedatum: 03-10-2023
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 10/2024
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-023-06106-3

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