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03-06-2015

Impulsivity and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Examining the Role of Affect Manipulation

Auteurs: Gregory J. Lengel, Hilary L. DeShong, Stephanie N. Mullins-Sweatt

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 1/2016

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Abstract

The assessment of impulsivity is complicated by the construct’s multi-faceted nature and poor correspondence between self-report and behavioral measures. These complications extend to populations anecdotally described as impulsive, including individuals who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). Research suggests that self-injurers report impulsivity, primarily negative urgency. Thus, negative affect may be an important prerequisite for increased impulsive behaviors. The present laboratory study examined self-report impulsivity differences between individuals with and without a history of NSSI and if self-injurers demonstrated behavioral impulsivity when experiencing negative affect. Undergraduates with (N = 54) and without (N = 61) a history of NSSI participated in a two-part laboratory-based study that investigated the role of affect manipulation in impulsivity and NSSI. Participants were randomly assigned to either a negative or a neutral-relaxing mood induction. Participants completed self-report measures of impulsivity, NSSI, and negative affect. A behavioral measure of impulsivity was administered during Session 1 (prior to a mood induction task) and again during Session 2 (following a mood induction task) to determine whether affect had an effect on behavioral impulsivity task performance. Self-injurers reported higher negative urgency and lack of perseverance but did not display impulsivity on the behavioral task, even under conditions of negative affect.
Voetnoten
1
It is noted that 45 (83.33 %) of the NSSI group reported engaging in NSSI more than 12 months ago. Participants’ NSSI behaviors were confirmed as being nonsuicidal in nature through the Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI; Gratz 2001) and the Inventory of Statements about Self-Injury (ISAS; Klonsky and Glenn 2009), which specify that the self-injurious behaviors were completed without suicidal intent.
 
2
These scores were selected to compute the baseline PANAS total score because both were completed prior to the administration of any affect-manipulating tasks. It is noted that there were no significant differences between the baseline administrations of the PANAS at Session 1 and Session 2.
 
3
These analyses were also conducted using a subset NSSI group that engaged in NSSI ≥ 5 times as well as a subset that engaged in “severe” NSSI (i.e., cutting, burning, carving, and swallowing dangerous substances). The results did not significantly change based on frequency or severity.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Impulsivity and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Examining the Role of Affect Manipulation
Auteurs
Gregory J. Lengel
Hilary L. DeShong
Stephanie N. Mullins-Sweatt
Publicatiedatum
03-06-2015
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 1/2016
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-015-9496-8

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