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28-11-2017 | Empirical Research

I and Us: A Longitudinal Study on the Interplay of Personal and Social Identity in Adolescence

Auteurs: Flavia Albarello, Elisabetta Crocetti, Monica Rubini

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 4/2018

Abstract

The development of personal and social identity is crucial in adolescence. On the one hand, adolescents face the task of forming and consolidating their personal identity in multiple domains, with educational and interpersonal domains particularly salient. On the other hand, they enlarge their social horizon and increasingly define themselves as members of multiple peer groups, such as groups of classmates and friends met outside school. There is however a lack of integrative research on the interplay among and between personal and social identity processes. Hence the purpose of this study was threefold. First, we examined how personal identity processes in the educational and interpersonal domains are associated longitudinally. Second, we investigated to what extent social identifications with classmates and with the group of friends are associated over time. Third, with an original approach we examined the longitudinal interplay between personal and social identity processes, to connect theoretical contributions that have so far proceeded largely in parallel. Participants were 304 adolescents (61.84% female, M _age = 17.49) involved in a three-wave longitudinal study. We found that (a) the ways in which adolescents develop their identity in the educational and interpersonal domains become more closely intertwined over time; (b) identifications with classmates and with the group of friends are interconnected; and (c) personal and social identity processes are associated both concurrently and longitudinally, with most cross-lagged effects showing that social identifications influence personal identity formation and consolidation in the interpersonal identity domain. Theoretical implications are discussed.

volgende artikel Reciprocal Associations between Educational Identity and Vocational Identity in Adolescence: A Three-wave Longitudinal Investigation

As a preliminary step, we tested longitudinal measurement invariance to establish whether the measurement model with 8 latent variables (educational commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment; interpersonal commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment; social identification with classmates and with the group of friends) for each wave (for a total of 24 latent variables) and single items as observed indicators was invariant across time. To this end, we compared the configural (baseline) model with the metric model, in which factor loadings were constrained to be equal across time. Model comparisons, conducted considering changes in fit indices (e.g., Chen 2007), indicated that metric invariance could be clearly established. Therefore, we could reliably proceed with analyses aimed at unveiling over time associations among all study variables (Little 2013).

As ancillary sensitivity analyses we checked whether our findings were replicated across gender subgroups. To this end, we ran the model for boys and girls separately and we compared this unconstrained model with models in which cross-lagged paths (Δχ _SB ² = 66.923, Δdf = 57, p = .173, ΔCFI = −.004, ΔRMSEA = −.003), T1 correlations (Δχ _SB ² = 40.085, Δdf = 28, p = .065, ΔCFI = −.004, ΔRMSEA = −.001), and T2–T3 correlations (Δχ _SB ² = 68.558, Δdf = 28, p = .000, ΔCFI = −.015, ΔRMSEA = .004) were constrained to be equal across gender groups. Model comparisons indicated that cross-lagged effects and T1 correlations were similar across gender groups, while there were significant gender differences between T2–T3 correlations. Follow-up pairwise comparisons conducted with the Wald test revealed that only 3 out of 28 correlations were significantly different (p _s < .05) across gender groups: in-depth exploration and reconsideration of commitment (both within and across educational and interpersonal domains) were positively and significantly related only in boys, while they were not significantly related in girls.

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Titel: I and Us: A Longitudinal Study on the Interplay of Personal and Social Identity in Adolescence
Auteurs: Flavia Albarello
Elisabetta Crocetti
Monica Rubini
Publicatiedatum: 28-11-2017
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 4/2018
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0791-4

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