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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

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01-04-2009

How Do Trait Dimensions Map onto ADHD Symptom Domains?

Auteurs: Michelle M. Martel, Joel T. Nigg, Alexander von Eye

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 3/2009

Abstract

Theories of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) implicate dysfunctional regulation mechanisms that have been conceptually grouped into “top-down” control and “bottom-up” affective/reactive processes. This dual-process account can be invoked in relation to temperament or personality traits and may clarify how traits relate to ADHD. Two samples were examined to illuminate developmental effects. The younger sample was 179 youngsters aged 7 to 12 years (113 boys; 107 with ADHD). The older sample was 184 adolescents (109 boys; 87 with ADHD) aged 13 to 18 years. Structural equation models included parent-rated traits, teacher-rated ADHD symptoms, and laboratory-obtained executive functions. A control or “top-down” factor included cognitive control and conscientiousness/effortful control. A second factor labeled affective or “bottom-up” included neuroticism/negative emotionality, agreeableness, and reactive control. In the younger sample, these two factors were differentially and specifically related to inattention and hyperactivity, respectively. However, in the older sample, the first factor was related to inattention and hyperactivity, whereas the second factor was related to hyperactivity. Personality traits appear to map onto ADHD symptoms in a meaningful manner consistent with a dual-process model of temperament and ADHD.

vorige artikel ERP Correlates of Effortful Control in Children with Varying Levels of ADHD Symptoms

volgende artikel Temperament and Risk for Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: Mediation by Rumination and Moderation by Effortful Control

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Titel: How Do Trait Dimensions Map onto ADHD Symptom Domains?
Auteurs: Michelle M. Martel
Joel T. Nigg
Alexander von Eye
Publicatiedatum: 01-04-2009
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 3/2009
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-008-9255-3

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