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Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis 3/2014

01-06-2014 | Artikel

Het signaleren van het simuleren van ADHD bij volwassenen

Auteurs: Anselm B. M. Fuermaier, Lara Tucha, Janneke Koerts, Klaus W. Lange, Oliver Tucha

Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis | Uitgave 3/2014

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Samenvatting

De laatste jaren is er in de klinische praktijk in toenemende mate aandacht besteed aan het malingeren (het intentioneel produceren van valse of sterk overdreven symptomen) van ADHD door volwassenen. Verschillende externe drijfveren (zoals financiële middelen of het verkrijgen van stimulerende medicatie) kunnen worden geïdentificeerd die volwassenen kunnen motiveren om ADHD te veinzen en daardoor de diagnose ADHD te verkrijgen. In het onderhavige artikel worden verschillende benaderingen voor de detectie van malingeren van ADHD, die in recent onderzoek zijn beschreven, geïllustreerd. Benaderingen die worden beschreven zijn zelfrapportagevragenlijsten voor ADHD-symptomen, validiteitsschalen van persoonlijkheidsvragenlijsten, neuropsychologische tests die standaard worden gebruikt bij de assessment van het cognitieve functioneren en tests die speciaal zijn ontworpen om malingeren van cognitieve symptomen te detecteren. Van alle benaderingen die worden beschreven, is alleen de validiteit van tests die speciaal zijn ontworpen om malingering te detecteren (zoals Symptoom Validiteitstests) voldoende om malingeren van ADHD te signaleren, vooral wanneer meerdere tests worden gecombineerd. Echter, aangezien er nog maar korte tijd onderzoek wordt gedaan naar het malingeren van ADHD, is er een gebrek aan ziektespecifieke tests die kunnen worden toegepast om malingeren van ADHD bij volwassenen te detecteren. Meer onderzoek is daarom noodzakelijk om strategieën die gewoonlijk worden gebruikt door individuen die ADHD proberen te veinzen te identificeren, en om op basis daarvan instrumenten te ontwikkelen waarmee adequaat onderscheid kan worden gemaakt tussen oprechte patiënten en ADHD-malingeraars.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Het signaleren van het simuleren van ADHD bij volwassenen
Auteurs
Anselm B. M. Fuermaier
Lara Tucha
Janneke Koerts
Klaus W. Lange
Oliver Tucha
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2014
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Neuropraxis / Uitgave 3/2014
Print ISSN: 1387-5817
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5785
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12474-014-0044-1

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