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Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie
Gepubliceerd in:

01-10-2001

Het Minnesota-model: een stappenbenadering van verslavingsproblematiek

Auteurs: Jozef Corveleyn, Stiene van Limbergen

Gepubliceerd in: Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie | Uitgave 5/2001

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Abstract

Het Minnesota-model hanteert, vanuit een ziektevisie op verslaving, een stappenbenadering waarbij de nadruk op abstinentie en revalidatie ligt. In dit artikel beschrijven we eerst de visie van het Minnesota-model (MM) op verslavingsproblematiek en de hieraan gerelateerde behandelvisie. Vervolgens bespreken we de therapeutische mechanismen die deze benadering typeren, om ten slotte gegevens uit vergelijkend effectonderzoek omtrent het model aan te reiken.
volgende artikel Demoralisatie en de mislukte missie. In de voetsporen van Jerome D. Frank
Voetnoten
1
De letterlijke tekst van de 12 stappen kan gevonden worden op de Nederlandse website van AA: http://​www.​aa-nederland.​nl/. Deze tekst was oorspronkelijk religieus (in algemene zin) ingekleurd, maar luidt nu (zie de Nederlandse website, bij vraag 18): ‘AA is geen religieuze vereniging’; ‘Voordat iemand een beroep doet op AA weet deze persoon al dat hij geen controle meer heeft over de drank. Daarom, teneinde nuchter te worden en te blijven, stelt AA voor dat de alcoholist steunt op een andere Kracht, waarvan hij erkent dat ze groter is dan hijzelf.’ De inhoudelijke invulling van die ‘kracht’ wordt aan de betrokkene zelf overgelaten en de transpositie ervan wordt in het MM geherformuleerd in een voor iedere levensbeschouwing aanvaardbare verwijzing naar de dimensie van zingeving (Richards & Bergin, 1997).
 
2
AISEIRI-centrum, Cahir – Ierland; Galsworthy Lodge, Londen – Groot Brittannië; Clinique de la Métairie, Nyon – Zwitserland; Korpbergetcentrum, Zweden; APTE, Bucy-le-Long – Frankrijk. Over de toepassing van het Minnesota-model in Zwitserland, verscheen onlangs: d'Epagnier en Udry (2000).
 
3
Zie: Three talks to medical societies by Bill W., co-founder of AA. New York: General Service Office of Alcoholics Anonymous.
 
4
Research update (Aug. 1998). Addiction: A disease defined. Center City, MN: Butler Center for research and learning. Criteria: een ziekte heeft 1) een biologische basis; 2) identificeerbare symptomen; 3) een voorspelbaar verloop; en 4) ziekte wordt niet veroorzaakt of beïnvloed door de eigen wilskracht. Voorbeelden van evidentie: Voor criterium 2 bieden symptomen zoals onttrekkingsverschijnselen en cravingevidentie. Voor criterium 4 geldt het controleverlies van de verslaafde als evidentie. Hier ligt tevens het verschil tussen misbruik en afhankelijkheid, waarbij in het eerste geval wilskracht nog kan tussenkomen.
 
5
Three talks to medical societies by Bill W., co-founder of A.A. New York: General Service Office of Alcoholics Anonymous.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Het Minnesota-model: een stappenbenadering van verslavingsproblematiek
Auteurs
Jozef Corveleyn
Stiene van Limbergen
Publicatiedatum
01-10-2001
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Tijdschrift voor Psychotherapie / Uitgave 5/2001
Print ISSN: 0165-1188
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5637
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03061951

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