Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Huisarts en wetenschap 10/2013

01-10-2013 | Beschouwing

HbA1c als diagnosticum: (g)een stap vooruit?

Auteurs: dr. Hanneke Jansen, dr. Anneloes Kerssen, prof.dr. Ronald Stolk, prof.dr. Guy Rutten, prof.dr. Giel Nijpels

Gepubliceerd in: Huisarts en wetenschap | Uitgave 10/2013

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Samenvatting

Jansen H, Kerssen A, Stolk RP, Rutten GEHM, Nijpels G. HbA1c als diagnosticum voor diabetes mellitus: (g)een stap vooruit? Huisarts Wet 2013;56(10):506-8.
Onlangs heeft de American Diabetes Association (ADA) aangeraden om een HbA1c ≥ 48 mmol/mol (HbA1c ≥ 6,5%) te gebruiken als eerst aangewezen diagnostisch criterium voor diabetes mellitus. In deze beschouwing beschrijven wij de beperkingen van het gebruik van HbA1c als diagnosticum voor diabetes mellitus. Op de eerste plaats zijn er, naast de mate van glykemie, verschillende andere factoren die van invloed zijn op de hoogte van het HbA1c. Daarnaast heeft men een continue relatie aangetoond tussen HbA1c en het risico op macrovasculaire complicaties, ook bij HbA1c-waarden < 48 mmol/mol. Bij het gebruik van HbA1c als diagnosticum krijgen niet alleen minder mensen, maar krijgt ook een andere groep mensen de diagnose diabetes mellitus dan bij het gebruik van een nuchtere glucosewaarde of orale glucosetolerantietest. De praktische voordelen van het gebruik van HbA1c, zoals het niet nuchter hoeven zijn en een kleinere invloed van factoren als stress, wegen onzes inziens niet op tegen deze nadelen. Over het geheel genomen wegen wij de voor- en nadelen van de HbA1c-bepaling anders dan de ADA en willen wij de Nederlandse huisarts aanraden om niet van de huidige werkwijze af te wijken.
Literatuur
1.
go back to reference Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 1997;20:1183–97. Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care 1997;20:1183–97.
2.
go back to reference International Expert Committee. International Expert Committee report on the role of the A1C assay in the diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009;32:1327–34. International Expert Committee. International Expert Committee report on the role of the A1C assay in the diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care 2009;32:1327–34.
3.
go back to reference American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes – 2012. Diabetes Care 2012;35 Suppl 1:S11–63. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes – 2012. Diabetes Care 2012;35 Suppl 1:S11–63.
5.
go back to reference Rahbar S, Blumenfeld O, Ranney HM. Studies of an unusual hemoglobin in patients with diabetes mellitus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1969;36:838–43.PubMedCrossRef Rahbar S, Blumenfeld O, Ranney HM. Studies of an unusual hemoglobin in patients with diabetes mellitus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1969;36:838–43.PubMedCrossRef
6.
go back to reference Cohen RM, Franco RS, Khera PK, Smith EP, Lindsell CJ, Ciraolo PJ, et al. Red cell life span heterogeneity in hematologically normal people is sufficient to alter HbA1c. Blood 2008;112:4284–91.PubMedCrossRef Cohen RM, Franco RS, Khera PK, Smith EP, Lindsell CJ, Ciraolo PJ, et al. Red cell life span heterogeneity in hematologically normal people is sufficient to alter HbA1c. Blood 2008;112:4284–91.PubMedCrossRef
7.
go back to reference Tarim O, Kucukerdogan A, Gunay U, Eralp O, Ercan I. Effects of iron deficiency anemia on hemoglobin A1c in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Int 1999;41:357–62.PubMed Tarim O, Kucukerdogan A, Gunay U, Eralp O, Ercan I. Effects of iron deficiency anemia on hemoglobin A1c in type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Int 1999;41:357–62.PubMed
8.
go back to reference El-Agouza I, Abu Shahla A, Sirdah M. The effect of iron deficiency anaemia on the levels of haemoglobin subtypes: possible consequences for clinical diagnosis. Clin Lab Haematol 2002;24:285–9.PubMedCrossRef El-Agouza I, Abu Shahla A, Sirdah M. The effect of iron deficiency anaemia on the levels of haemoglobin subtypes: possible consequences for clinical diagnosis. Clin Lab Haematol 2002;24:285–9.PubMedCrossRef
9.
go back to reference Panzer S, Kronik G, Lechner K, Bettelheim P, Neumann E, Dudczak R. Glycosylated hemoglobins (GHb): an index of red cell survival. Blood 1982;59:1348–50.PubMed Panzer S, Kronik G, Lechner K, Bettelheim P, Neumann E, Dudczak R. Glycosylated hemoglobins (GHb): an index of red cell survival. Blood 1982;59:1348–50.PubMed
10.
go back to reference Camargo JL, Stifft J, Gross JL. The effect of aspirin and vitamins C and E on HbA1c assays. Clin Chim Acta 2006;372:206–9.PubMedCrossRef Camargo JL, Stifft J, Gross JL. The effect of aspirin and vitamins C and E on HbA1c assays. Clin Chim Acta 2006;372:206–9.PubMedCrossRef
11.
go back to reference Davie SJ, Gould BJ, Yudkin JS. Effect of vitamin C on glycosylation of proteins. Diabetes 1992;41:167–73.PubMedCrossRef Davie SJ, Gould BJ, Yudkin JS. Effect of vitamin C on glycosylation of proteins. Diabetes 1992;41:167–73.PubMedCrossRef
12.
go back to reference Ceriello A, Giugliano D, Quatraro A, Donzella C, Dipalo G, Lefebvre PJ. Vitamin E reduction of protein 2 in diabetes. New prospect for prevention of diabetic complications? Diabetes Care 1991;14:68–72.PubMedCrossRef Ceriello A, Giugliano D, Quatraro A, Donzella C, Dipalo G, Lefebvre PJ. Vitamin E reduction of protein 2 in diabetes. New prospect for prevention of diabetic complications? Diabetes Care 1991;14:68–72.PubMedCrossRef
13.
go back to reference Boeing H, Weisgerber UM, Jeckel A, Rose HJ, Kroke A. Association between glycated hemoglobin and diet and other lifestyle factors in a nondiabetic population: cross-sectional evaluation of data from the Potsdam cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:1115–22.PubMed Boeing H, Weisgerber UM, Jeckel A, Rose HJ, Kroke A. Association between glycated hemoglobin and diet and other lifestyle factors in a nondiabetic population: cross-sectional evaluation of data from the Potsdam cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;71:1115–22.PubMed
14.
go back to reference Gulliford MC, Ukoumunne OC. Determinants of glycated haemoglobin in the general population: associations with diet, alcohol and cigarette smoking. Eur J Clin Nutr 2001;55:615–23.PubMedCrossRef Gulliford MC, Ukoumunne OC. Determinants of glycated haemoglobin in the general population: associations with diet, alcohol and cigarette smoking. Eur J Clin Nutr 2001;55:615–23.PubMedCrossRef
15.
go back to reference Cohen RM, Holmes YR, Chenier TC, Joiner CH. Discordance between HbA1c and fructosamine: evidence for a glycosylation gap and its relation to diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Care 2003;26:163–7.PubMedCrossRef Cohen RM, Holmes YR, Chenier TC, Joiner CH. Discordance between HbA1c and fructosamine: evidence for a glycosylation gap and its relation to diabetic nephropathy. Diabetes Care 2003;26:163–7.PubMedCrossRef
16.
go back to reference Davidson MB, Schriger DL. Effect of age and race/ethnicity on HbA1c levels in people without known diabetes mellitus: implications for the diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2010;87:415–21.PubMedCrossRef Davidson MB, Schriger DL. Effect of age and race/ethnicity on HbA1c levels in people without known diabetes mellitus: implications for the diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2010;87:415–21.PubMedCrossRef
17.
go back to reference Ziemer DC, Kolm P, Weintraub WS, Vaccarino V, Rhee MK, Twombly JG, et al. Glucose-independent, black-white differences in hemoglobin A1c levels: a cross-sectional analysis of 2 studies. Ann Intern Med 2010;152:770–7.PubMedCrossRef Ziemer DC, Kolm P, Weintraub WS, Vaccarino V, Rhee MK, Twombly JG, et al. Glucose-independent, black-white differences in hemoglobin A1c levels: a cross-sectional analysis of 2 studies. Ann Intern Med 2010;152:770–7.PubMedCrossRef
18.
go back to reference Likhari T, Gama R. Ethnic differences in glycated haemoglobin between white subjects and those of South Asian origin with normal glucose tolerance. J Clin Pathol 2010;63:278–80.PubMedCrossRef Likhari T, Gama R. Ethnic differences in glycated haemoglobin between white subjects and those of South Asian origin with normal glucose tolerance. J Clin Pathol 2010;63:278–80.PubMedCrossRef
19.
20.
go back to reference Khaw KT, Wareham N, Bingham S, Luben R, Welch A, Day N. Association of hemoglobin A1c with cardiovascular disease and mortality in adults: the European prospective investigation into cancer in Norfolk. Ann Intern Med 2004;141:413–20.PubMedCrossRef Khaw KT, Wareham N, Bingham S, Luben R, Welch A, Day N. Association of hemoglobin A1c with cardiovascular disease and mortality in adults: the European prospective investigation into cancer in Norfolk. Ann Intern Med 2004;141:413–20.PubMedCrossRef
21.
go back to reference Rivera JJ, Choi EK, Yoon YE, Chun EJ, Choi SI, Nasir K, et al. Association between increasing levels of hemoglobin A1c and coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic individuals without diabetes mellitus. Coron Artery Dis 2010;21:157–63.PubMedCrossRef Rivera JJ, Choi EK, Yoon YE, Chun EJ, Choi SI, Nasir K, et al. Association between increasing levels of hemoglobin A1c and coronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic individuals without diabetes mellitus. Coron Artery Dis 2010;21:157–63.PubMedCrossRef
22.
go back to reference Selvin E, Steffes MW, Zhu H, Matsushita K, Wagenknecht L, Pankow J, et al. Glycated hemoglobin, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic adults. N Engl J Med 2010;362:800–11.PubMedCrossRef Selvin E, Steffes MW, Zhu H, Matsushita K, Wagenknecht L, Pankow J, et al. Glycated hemoglobin, diabetes, and cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic adults. N Engl J Med 2010;362:800–11.PubMedCrossRef
23.
go back to reference Van ’t Riet E, Rijkelijkhuizen, Heine RJ, et al. HbA1c is an independent predictor of non-fatal cardiovascular disease in a Caucasian population without diabetes: a 10year follow-up of the Hoorn Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2012;19:23–31.PubMedCrossRef Van ’t Riet E, Rijkelijkhuizen, Heine RJ, et al. HbA1c is an independent predictor of non-fatal cardiovascular disease in a Caucasian population without diabetes: a 10year follow-up of the Hoorn Study. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2012;19:23–31.PubMedCrossRef
24.
go back to reference Van ’t Riet E, Alssema M, Rijkelijkhuizen JM, Kostense PJ, Nijpels G, Dekker JM. Relationship between A1C and glucose levels in the general Dutch population: the new Hoorn study. Diabetes Care 2010;33:61–6.CrossRef Van ’t Riet E, Alssema M, Rijkelijkhuizen JM, Kostense PJ, Nijpels G, Dekker JM. Relationship between A1C and glucose levels in the general Dutch population: the new Hoorn study. Diabetes Care 2010;33:61–6.CrossRef
25.
go back to reference Cavagnolli G, Comerlato J, Comerlato C, Renz PB, Gross JL, Camargo JL. HbA(1c) measurement for the diagnosis of diabetes: is it enough? Diabet Med 2011;28:31–5.CrossRef Cavagnolli G, Comerlato J, Comerlato C, Renz PB, Gross JL, Camargo JL. HbA(1c) measurement for the diagnosis of diabetes: is it enough? Diabet Med 2011;28:31–5.CrossRef
26.
go back to reference Kramer CK, Araneta MR, Barrett-Connor E. A1C and diabetes diagnosis: The Rancho Bernardo Study. Diabetes Care 2010;33:101–3.PubMedCrossRef Kramer CK, Araneta MR, Barrett-Connor E. A1C and diabetes diagnosis: The Rancho Bernardo Study. Diabetes Care 2010;33:101–3.PubMedCrossRef
27.
go back to reference Sattar N, Preiss D. HbA1c in type 2 diabetes diagnostic criteria: addressing the right questions to move the field forwards. Diabetologia 2012;55:1564–7.PubMedCrossRef Sattar N, Preiss D. HbA1c in type 2 diabetes diagnostic criteria: addressing the right questions to move the field forwards. Diabetologia 2012;55:1564–7.PubMedCrossRef
28.
go back to reference Little RR, Rohlfing CL, Tennill AL, Connolly S, Hanson S. Effects of sample storage conditions on glycated hemoglobin measurement: evaluation of five different high performance liquid chromatography methods. Diabetes Technol Ther 2007;9:36–42.PubMedCrossRef Little RR, Rohlfing CL, Tennill AL, Connolly S, Hanson S. Effects of sample storage conditions on glycated hemoglobin measurement: evaluation of five different high performance liquid chromatography methods. Diabetes Technol Ther 2007;9:36–42.PubMedCrossRef
29.
go back to reference Brotons C, Björkelund C, Bulc M, Ciurana R, Godycki-Cwirko M, Jurgova E, et al. Prevention and health promotion in clinical practice: the views of general practitioners in Europe. Prev Med 2005;40:595–601.PubMedCrossRef Brotons C, Björkelund C, Bulc M, Ciurana R, Godycki-Cwirko M, Jurgova E, et al. Prevention and health promotion in clinical practice: the views of general practitioners in Europe. Prev Med 2005;40:595–601.PubMedCrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
HbA1c als diagnosticum: (g)een stap vooruit?
Auteurs
dr. Hanneke Jansen
dr. Anneloes Kerssen
prof.dr. Ronald Stolk
prof.dr. Guy Rutten
prof.dr. Giel Nijpels
Publicatiedatum
01-10-2013
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
Huisarts en wetenschap / Uitgave 10/2013
Print ISSN: 0018-7070
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5912
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12445-013-0257-1

Andere artikelen Uitgave 10/2013

Huisarts en wetenschap 10/2013 Naar de uitgave