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2014 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

3. Gokverslaving

Een overzicht

Auteur : Anneke Goudriaan

Gepubliceerd in: Gedragsverslaving?

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

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Samenvatting

Problematisch gokken of gokverslaving is een stoornis die veel overeenkomsten heeft met middelenafhankelijkheid wat betreft ontstaansgeschiedenis, risicofactoren, erfelijkheid en behandelmogelijkheden. Zo zijn er overeenkomsten in afwijkingen in hersenfuncties, neuropsychologische functies, risicofactoren voor terugval (zoals impulsiviteit) en effectiviteit van psychologische en farmacologische behandelmethoden. Doordat er genoeg bewijs is voor overeenkomsten met middelenverslaving, is gokverslaving de eerste niet-middelengebonden verslaving die opgenomen zal worden in de DSM-5 onder de categorie ‘Verslaving en aan verslaving gerelateerde stoornissen’. De laatste schattingen in Nederland geven aan dat er tussen de twintig- en zestigduizend problematische gokkers zijn, wat neerkomt op een prevalentie van 0,15-0,22 procent. Jaarlijks zoeken een kleine drieduizend probleemgokkers behandeling in de verslavingszorg, en de laatste tien jaar is het aantal probleemgokkers in behandeling stabiel, na een daling tussen 1996 en 2001. In Nederland is er sinds lange tijd ambivalentie rond mogelijkheden om te gokken: naast een neiging tot regulering om gokken uit het illegale circuit te houden, is er een tendens om gokken te beperken vanwege de risico’s op gokproblematiek. De interactie tussen deze twee krachten leidt tot politieke discussies rond veranderingen in het aanbieden van kansspelen, zoals recentelijk rond de legalisering van kansspelen op internet.
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Metagegevens
Titel
Gokverslaving
Auteur
Anneke Goudriaan
Copyright
2014
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-368-0792-0_3