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14-03-2019 | OriginalPaper

Gesture Development, Caregiver Responsiveness, and Language and Diagnostic Outcomes in Infants at High and Low Risk for Autism

Auteurs: Boin Choi, Priyanka Shah, Meredith L. Rowe, Charles A. Nelson, Helen Tager-Flusberg

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 7/2020

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Abstract

We investigated gesture production in infants at high and low risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and caregiver responsiveness between 12 and 24 months of age and assessed the extent to which early gesture predicts later language and ASD outcomes. Participants included 55 high-risk infants, 21 of whom later met criteria for ASD, 34 low-risk infants, and their caregivers. Results indicated that (a) infants with ASD outcomes used fewer gestures and a lower proportion of developmentally advanced gesture–speech combinations; (b) caregivers of all the infants provided similar rates of contingent responses to their infants’ gestures; and (c) gesture production at 12 months predicted subsequent receptive language and ASD outcomes within the high-risk group.
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Voetnoten
1
Of note, caregiver-infant interactions were also collected at 36 months as part of the larger study; however, recordings from 36-month interactions were not transcribed, as we were primarily interested in studying early gesture production in the first two years of life in relation to later language and ASD outcomes.
 
2
There was no group difference in mean lengths of caregiver-infant interaction videos (HRA+: M = 9.21, SD = 1.90; HRA-: M = 9.31, SD = 2.25; LRC: M = 9.77, SD = 2.04).
 
3
We conducted a sensitivity analysis in which we removed data from four high-risk infants whose ASD outcomes were determined at 18 months. We found the same results even after we removed data from these infants.
 
4
Of note, caregiver education was also significantly and negatively associated with ASD diagnosis, such that infants whose parents had higher levels of education had a lower probability of receiving ASD diagnosis later. This finding, however, contrasts with previous findings that reported a positive association between maternal education and rates of ASD in the United States (e.g., Fountain et al. 2011), and is difficult to interpret considering that we have limited information on potential confounders of parental education and that parents of both HRA + and HRA- infants had relatively high levels of education in the current study (Table 6). Further research may help elucidate potential mechanisms of association between parental education and ASD within a high-socioeconomic sample.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Gesture Development, Caregiver Responsiveness, and Language and Diagnostic Outcomes in Infants at High and Low Risk for Autism
Auteurs
Boin Choi
Priyanka Shah
Meredith L. Rowe
Charles A. Nelson
Helen Tager-Flusberg
Publicatiedatum
14-03-2019
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 7/2020
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03980-8