Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 8/2008

01-09-2008 | Original Paper

Formal Thought Disorder and the Autism Spectrum: Relationship with Symptoms, Executive Control, and Anxiety

Auteurs: Marjorie Solomon, Sally Ozonoff, Cameron Carter, Rochelle Caplan

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 8/2008

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

This study investigated whether children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) exhibit formal thought disorder (FTD), and whether this is related to ASD symptoms, executive control, and anxiety. Participants aged 8–17 with ASDs exhibited significantly more illogical thinking and loose associations than matched typically developing control subjects. In participants with ASDs, illogical thinking was related to aspects of cognitive functioning and to executive control. Loose associations were related to autism communication symptoms and to parent reports of stress and anxiety. When FTD is present in ASDs, it generally is not a co-morbid schizophrenia symptom, but is related to pragmatic language abnormalities found in ASDs. The clinical and neurobiological significance of this work is discussed.
Literatuur
go back to reference American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.), Text Revision. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.), Text Revision. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association.
go back to reference Andreasen, N. (2000) Scale for the assessment of positive symptoms (SAPS) and scale for the assessment of negative symptoms (SANS). Handbook of psychiatric measures (pp. 498–502). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Andreasen, N. (2000) Scale for the assessment of positive symptoms (SAPS) and scale for the assessment of negative symptoms (SANS). Handbook of psychiatric measures (pp. 498–502). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
go back to reference Baltaxe, C. A., & D’Angiola, N. (1992). Cohesion in the discourse interaction of autistic, specifically language-impaired, and normal children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 22(1), 1–21.PubMedCrossRef Baltaxe, C. A., & D’Angiola, N. (1992). Cohesion in the discourse interaction of autistic, specifically language-impaired, and normal children. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 22(1), 1–21.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Barber, A. D., & Carter, C. S. (2005). Cognitive control involved in overcoming prepotent response tendencies and switching between tasks. Cerebral Cortex, 15(7), 899–912.PubMedCrossRef Barber, A. D., & Carter, C. S. (2005). Cognitive control involved in overcoming prepotent response tendencies and switching between tasks. Cerebral Cortex, 15(7), 899–912.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Belser, R. C., & Sudhalter, V. (2001). Conversational characteristics of children with fragile X syndrome: Repetitive speech. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 106(1), 28–38.PubMedCrossRef Belser, R. C., & Sudhalter, V. (2001). Conversational characteristics of children with fragile X syndrome: Repetitive speech. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 106(1), 28–38.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bender, L. (1947). Psychopathic behavior disorders in children. In R. M. Lindner & R. V. Seliger (Eds.), Handbook of correctional psychology (p. 17). Oxford: Philosophical Library. Bender, L. (1947). Psychopathic behavior disorders in children. In R. M. Lindner & R. V. Seliger (Eds.), Handbook of correctional psychology (p. 17). Oxford: Philosophical Library.
go back to reference Berument, S. K., Rutter, M., Lord, C., Pickles, A., & Bailey, A. (1999). Autism screening questionnaire: Diagnostic validity. British Journal of Psychiatry, 175, 444–451.PubMed Berument, S. K., Rutter, M., Lord, C., Pickles, A., & Bailey, A. (1999). Autism screening questionnaire: Diagnostic validity. British Journal of Psychiatry, 175, 444–451.PubMed
go back to reference Bishop, D. V., & Norbury, C. F. (2005a). Executive functions in children with communication impairments, in relation to autistic symptomatology. 1: Generativity. Autism, 9(1), 7–27.PubMedCrossRef Bishop, D. V., & Norbury, C. F. (2005a). Executive functions in children with communication impairments, in relation to autistic symptomatology. 1: Generativity. Autism, 9(1), 7–27.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Bishop, D. V., & Norbury, C. F. (2005b). Executive functions in children with communication impairments, in relation to autistic symptomatology. 2: Response inhibition. Autism, 9(1), 29–43.PubMedCrossRef Bishop, D. V., & Norbury, C. F. (2005b). Executive functions in children with communication impairments, in relation to autistic symptomatology. 2: Response inhibition. Autism, 9(1), 29–43.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Caplan, R. (1994). Thought disorder in childhood. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(5), 605–615.PubMedCrossRef Caplan, R. (1994). Thought disorder in childhood. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 33(5), 605–615.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Caplan, R., Guthrie, D., Fish, B., Tanguay, P. E., & David-Lando, G. (1989). The Kiddie Formal Thought Disorder Rating Scale: Clinical Assessment, Reliability, and Validity. The Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28(3), 408–417.CrossRef Caplan, R., Guthrie, D., Fish, B., Tanguay, P. E., & David-Lando, G. (1989). The Kiddie Formal Thought Disorder Rating Scale: Clinical Assessment, Reliability, and Validity. The Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28(3), 408–417.CrossRef
go back to reference Caplan, R., Guthrie, D., Tang, B., Neuchterlein, K.H., & Asarnow, R.F. (2001). Thought disorder in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(8), 965–972.CrossRef Caplan, R., Guthrie, D., Tang, B., Neuchterlein, K.H., & Asarnow, R.F. (2001). Thought disorder in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 40(8), 965–972.CrossRef
go back to reference Caron, C., & Rutter, M. (1991). Comorbidity in child psychopathology: Concepts, issues and research strategies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32, 1063–1080.PubMedCrossRef Caron, C., & Rutter, M. (1991). Comorbidity in child psychopathology: Concepts, issues and research strategies. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 32, 1063–1080.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum.
go back to reference Cohen, J. D., & Servan-Schreiber, D. (1992). Context, cortex, and dopamine: A connectionist approach to behavior and biology in schizophrenia. Psychological Review, 99(1), 45–77.PubMedCrossRef Cohen, J. D., & Servan-Schreiber, D. (1992). Context, cortex, and dopamine: A connectionist approach to behavior and biology in schizophrenia. Psychological Review, 99(1), 45–77.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Corbett, B. A., Mendoza, S., Abdullah, M., Wegelin, J. A., & Levine, S. (2006). Cortisol circadian rhythms and response to stress in children with autism. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 31, 9.CrossRef Corbett, B. A., Mendoza, S., Abdullah, M., Wegelin, J. A., & Levine, S. (2006). Cortisol circadian rhythms and response to stress in children with autism. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 31, 9.CrossRef
go back to reference Docherty, N.M. (1996). Affective reactivity of symptoms as a process discriminator in schizophrenia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 184(9), 535–541.PubMedCrossRef Docherty, N.M. (1996). Affective reactivity of symptoms as a process discriminator in schizophrenia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 184(9), 535–541.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Docherty, N. M., Evans, I. M., Sledge, W. H., & Seibel, J. P. (1994). Affective reactivity of language in schizophrenia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 182(2), 98–102.PubMedCrossRef Docherty, N. M., Evans, I. M., Sledge, W. H., & Seibel, J. P. (1994). Affective reactivity of language in schizophrenia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 182(2), 98–102.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Dykens, E., Volkmar, F. & Glick, M. (1991). Though disorder in high-functioning autistic adults. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21(3), 291–301.PubMedCrossRef Dykens, E., Volkmar, F. & Glick, M. (1991). Though disorder in high-functioning autistic adults. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21(3), 291–301.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Fine, J., Bertoucci, G., Szatmari, P., & Ginsberg, G. (1994). Cohesive discourse in pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24(3), 359–373.CrossRef Fine, J., Bertoucci, G., Szatmari, P., & Ginsberg, G. (1994). Cohesive discourse in pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 24(3), 359–373.CrossRef
go back to reference Geschwind, D.H., & Levitt, P. (2007). Autism spectrum disorders: Developmental disconnection syndromes. Current Opinions Neurobiology, 17(1), 103–111.CrossRef Geschwind, D.H., & Levitt, P. (2007). Autism spectrum disorders: Developmental disconnection syndromes. Current Opinions Neurobiology, 17(1), 103–111.CrossRef
go back to reference Groden, J., Diller, A., Bausman, M., Velicer, W., Norman, G., & Cautela, J. (2001). The development of a stress survery schedule for persons with autism and other developmental disabilities. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(2), 207–217.PubMedCrossRef Groden, J., Diller, A., Bausman, M., Velicer, W., Norman, G., & Cautela, J. (2001). The development of a stress survery schedule for persons with autism and other developmental disabilities. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(2), 207–217.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Howlin, P. (2003). Outcome in high-functioning adults with autism with and without early language delays: Implications for the differentiation between autism and Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33(1), 3–13.PubMedCrossRef Howlin, P. (2003). Outcome in high-functioning adults with autism with and without early language delays: Implications for the differentiation between autism and Asperger syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 33(1), 3–13.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Irani, F., Platek, S., Panyavin, I., Calkins, M., Kohler, C., Siegel, S., Schachter, M., Gur, R. E., & Gur, R. C. (2006). Self-face recognition and theory of mind in patients with schizophrenia and first-degree relatives. Schizophrenia Research, 88(1–3), 151–160.PubMedCrossRef Irani, F., Platek, S., Panyavin, I., Calkins, M., Kohler, C., Siegel, S., Schachter, M., Gur, R. E., & Gur, R. C. (2006). Self-face recognition and theory of mind in patients with schizophrenia and first-degree relatives. Schizophrenia Research, 88(1–3), 151–160.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Joseph, R. M., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2004). The relationship of theory of mind and executive functions to symptom type and severity in children with autism. Development and Psychopathology, 16(1), 137–155.PubMedCrossRef Joseph, R. M., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2004). The relationship of theory of mind and executive functions to symptom type and severity in children with autism. Development and Psychopathology, 16(1), 137–155.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kerns, J. G., & Berenbaum, H. (2002). Cognitive impairments associated with formal thought disorder in people with schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111(2), 211–224.PubMedCrossRef Kerns, J. G., & Berenbaum, H. (2002). Cognitive impairments associated with formal thought disorder in people with schizophrenia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111(2), 211–224.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Keshavan, M., & Amirsardi, A. (2007). Early intervention in schizophrenia: Current and future perspectives. Current Psychiatry Reports, 9(4), 325–328.PubMedCrossRef Keshavan, M., & Amirsardi, A. (2007). Early intervention in schizophrenia: Current and future perspectives. Current Psychiatry Reports, 9(4), 325–328.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kolvin, I. (1971). Studies in the childhood psychoses. I. Diagnostic criteria and classification. British Journal of Psychiatry, 118(545), 381–384.PubMedCrossRef Kolvin, I. (1971). Studies in the childhood psychoses. I. Diagnostic criteria and classification. British Journal of Psychiatry, 118(545), 381–384.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Konstantareas, M., & Hewitt, T. (2001). Autistic disorder and schizophrenia: Diagnostic overlaps. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 19–28.PubMedCrossRef Konstantareas, M., & Hewitt, T. (2001). Autistic disorder and schizophrenia: Diagnostic overlaps. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31(1), 19–28.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kreher, D., Holcomb, P., & Kuperberg, G. R. (2007). An electrophysiological investigation of indirect semantic priming. Psychophysiology, 43(6), 550–563.CrossRef Kreher, D., Holcomb, P., & Kuperberg, G. R. (2007). An electrophysiological investigation of indirect semantic priming. Psychophysiology, 43(6), 550–563.CrossRef
go back to reference Kuperberg, G. R., Deckersbach, T., Holt, D., Goff, D., & West, C. (2007). Increased temporal and prefrontal activity in response to semantic associations in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(2), 138–151.PubMedCrossRef Kuperberg, G. R., Deckersbach, T., Holt, D., Goff, D., & West, C. (2007). Increased temporal and prefrontal activity in response to semantic associations in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64(2), 138–151.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Kuperberg, G. R., Kreher, D. A., Goff, D., McGuire, P. K., & David, A. S. (2006). Building up linguistic context in schizophrenia: Evidence from self-paced reading. Neuropsychology, 20(4), 442–452.PubMedCrossRef Kuperberg, G. R., Kreher, D. A., Goff, D., McGuire, P. K., & David, A. S. (2006). Building up linguistic context in schizophrenia: Evidence from self-paced reading. Neuropsychology, 20(4), 442–452.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Leitman, D., Ziwich, R., Pasternak, R., & Javitt, D. (2006). Theory of Mind (ToM) and counterfactuality deficits in schizophrenia: Misperception or misinterpretation?. Psychological Medicine, 36(8), 1075–1083.PubMedCrossRef Leitman, D., Ziwich, R., Pasternak, R., & Javitt, D. (2006). Theory of Mind (ToM) and counterfactuality deficits in schizophrenia: Misperception or misinterpretation?. Psychological Medicine, 36(8), 1075–1083.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Leyfer, O. T., Folstein, S. E., Bacalman, S., Davis, N. O., Dinh, E., Morgan, J., et al. (2006). Comorbid psychiatric disorders in children with autism: Interview development and rates of disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(7), 849–861.PubMedCrossRef Leyfer, O. T., Folstein, S. E., Bacalman, S., Davis, N. O., Dinh, E., Morgan, J., et al. (2006). Comorbid psychiatric disorders in children with autism: Interview development and rates of disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 36(7), 849–861.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., & DiLavore P. C. (2000). The autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic: A standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30(3), 205–223.PubMedCrossRef Lord, C., Risi, S., Lambrecht, L., Cook, E. H., Leventhal, B. L., & DiLavore P. C. (2000). The autism diagnostic observation schedule-generic: A standard measure of social and communication deficits associated with the spectrum of autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 30(3), 205–223.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994). Autism Diagnostic Interview– Revised: A revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 24(5), 659–685.CrossRef Lord, C., Rutter, M., & Le Couteur, A. (1994). Autism Diagnostic Interview– Revised: A revised version of a diagnostic interview for caregivers of individuals with possible pervasive developmental disorders. Journal of Autism & Developmental Disorders, 24(5), 659–685.CrossRef
go back to reference Macintosh, K., & Dissanayake, C. (2004). Annotation: The similarities and differences between autistic disorder and Asperger’s disorder: A review of the emperical evidence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(3), 421–434.PubMedCrossRef Macintosh, K., & Dissanayake, C. (2004). Annotation: The similarities and differences between autistic disorder and Asperger’s disorder: A review of the emperical evidence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 45(3), 421–434.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Mouridsen, S. E., Rich, B., & Isager, T. (1999). Psychiatric morbidity in disintegrative psychosis and infantile autism: A long-term follow-up study. Psychopathology, 32(4), 177–183.PubMedCrossRef Mouridsen, S. E., Rich, B., & Isager, T. (1999). Psychiatric morbidity in disintegrative psychosis and infantile autism: A long-term follow-up study. Psychopathology, 32(4), 177–183.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Ozonoff, S., Goodlin-Jones, B., & Solomon, M. (2007). Autism Spectrum Disorders. In E. Mash & R. Barkley (Eds.), Assessment of childhood disorders (pp. 487–525). New York, NY: Guilford Press. Ozonoff, S., Goodlin-Jones, B., & Solomon, M. (2007). Autism Spectrum Disorders. In E. Mash & R. Barkley (Eds.), Assessment of childhood disorders (pp. 487–525). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Ozonoff, S., & Griffith, E. (2000). Neuropsychological function and the external validity of Asperger syndrome. In R. Klin, F. R. Volkmar, & S. S. Sparrow (Eds.), Asperger syndrome (pp. 72–96). New York, NY: Guilford Press. Ozonoff, S., & Griffith, E. (2000). Neuropsychological function and the external validity of Asperger syndrome. In R. Klin, F. R. Volkmar, & S. S. Sparrow (Eds.), Asperger syndrome (pp. 72–96). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Ozonoff, S., Pennington, B., & Solomon, M., (2006). Neuropsychological perspectives on developmental psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti & D. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology, Vol 2: Developmental neuroscience (2nd ed.). (pp. 332–380). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc. Ozonoff, S., Pennington, B., & Solomon, M., (2006). Neuropsychological perspectives on developmental psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti & D. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology, Vol 2: Developmental neuroscience (2nd ed.). (pp. 332–380). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
go back to reference Prizant, B. M., Wetherby, A. M., Rubin, E., Laurent, A. C., & Rydell, P. J. (2006). The SCERTS model: A comprehensive educational approach for children with autism spectrum disorders (Vol. 1). Baltimore: Paul Brookes Publishing. Prizant, B. M., Wetherby, A. M., Rubin, E., Laurent, A. C., & Rydell, P. J. (2006). The SCERTS model: A comprehensive educational approach for children with autism spectrum disorders (Vol. 1). Baltimore: Paul Brookes Publishing.
go back to reference Psychological Corporation (1999). Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation. Psychological Corporation (1999). Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
go back to reference Reynolds, C. R., & Kamphaus, R. W. (1992). Behavior assessment system for children. Circle Pines: American Guidance Service. Reynolds, C. R., & Kamphaus, R. W. (1992). Behavior assessment system for children. Circle Pines: American Guidance Service.
go back to reference Rosano, C., Aizenstein, H., Cochran, J., Saxton, J., De Kosky, S., Newman, A. B., et al. (2005). Functional neuroimaging indicators of successful executive control in the oldest old. Neuroimage, 28(4), 881–889.PubMedCrossRef Rosano, C., Aizenstein, H., Cochran, J., Saxton, J., De Kosky, S., Newman, A. B., et al. (2005). Functional neuroimaging indicators of successful executive control in the oldest old. Neuroimage, 28(4), 881–889.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Rutter, M. (1972). Childhood schizophrenia reconsidered. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 2(4), 315–337.PubMedCrossRef Rutter, M. (1972). Childhood schizophrenia reconsidered. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 2(4), 315–337.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sasson, N., Tsuchiya, N., Hurley, R., Couture, S., Penn, D., Adolphs, R., & Piven, J. (2007). Orienting to social stimuli differentiates social cognitive impairment in autism and schizophrenia. Neuropsychologia, 45(11), 2580–2588.PubMedCrossRef Sasson, N., Tsuchiya, N., Hurley, R., Couture, S., Penn, D., Adolphs, R., & Piven, J. (2007). Orienting to social stimuli differentiates social cognitive impairment in autism and schizophrenia. Neuropsychologia, 45(11), 2580–2588.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Schiffman, J., Walker, E., Ekstrom, M., Schulsinger, F., Sorensen, H., & Mednick, S. (2004). Childhood videotaped social and neuromotor precursors of schizophrenia: A prospective investigation. American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(11), 2021–2027.PubMedCrossRef Schiffman, J., Walker, E., Ekstrom, M., Schulsinger, F., Sorensen, H., & Mednick, S. (2004). Childhood videotaped social and neuromotor precursors of schizophrenia: A prospective investigation. American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(11), 2021–2027.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sheitman, B. B., Kraus, J. E., Bodfish, J. W., & Carmel, H. (2004). Are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia consistent with an autistic spectrum illness? Schizophrenia Research, 69, 2.CrossRef Sheitman, B. B., Kraus, J. E., Bodfish, J. W., & Carmel, H. (2004). Are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia consistent with an autistic spectrum illness? Schizophrenia Research, 69, 2.CrossRef
go back to reference Snitz, B. E., MacDonald, A. III, Cohen, J. D., Cho, R. Y., Becker, T., & Carter, C. S. (2005). Lateral and medial hypofrontality in first-episode schizophrenia: Functional activity in a medication-naive state and effects of short-term atypical antipsychotic treatment. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 2322–2329.PubMedCrossRef Snitz, B. E., MacDonald, A. III, Cohen, J. D., Cho, R. Y., Becker, T., & Carter, C. S. (2005). Lateral and medial hypofrontality in first-episode schizophrenia: Functional activity in a medication-naive state and effects of short-term atypical antipsychotic treatment. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162, 2322–2329.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Solomon, M., Ozonoff, S., Carter, C., Caplan, R. (2006). Behavioral and neural correlates of thought disorder in children with autism spectrum disorders. Paper presented at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Solomon, M., Ozonoff, S., Carter, C., Caplan, R. (2006). Behavioral and neural correlates of thought disorder in children with autism spectrum disorders. Paper presented at the 53rd Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.
go back to reference Solomon, M., Ozonoff, S., Cummings, N., Carter, C., (2007). Cognitive control in autism spectrum disorders. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience. [Epub ahead of print]. Solomon, M., Ozonoff, S., Cummings, N., Carter, C., (2007). Cognitive control in autism spectrum disorders. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience. [Epub ahead of print].
go back to reference Sporn, A. L., Addington, A. M., Gogtay, N., Ordonez, A. E., Gornick, M., Clasen, L., et al. (2004). Pervasive developmental disorder and childhood-onset schizophrenia: Comorbid disorder or a phenotypic variant of a very early onset illness? Biological Psychiatry, 55(10), 989–994.PubMedCrossRef Sporn, A. L., Addington, A. M., Gogtay, N., Ordonez, A. E., Gornick, M., Clasen, L., et al. (2004). Pervasive developmental disorder and childhood-onset schizophrenia: Comorbid disorder or a phenotypic variant of a very early onset illness? Biological Psychiatry, 55(10), 989–994.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Sudhalter, V., & Belser, R. C. (2001). Conversational Characteristics of Children With Fragile X Syndrome: Tangential Language. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 106(5), 11.CrossRef Sudhalter, V., & Belser, R. C. (2001). Conversational Characteristics of Children With Fragile X Syndrome: Tangential Language. American Journal on Mental Retardation, 106(5), 11.CrossRef
go back to reference Symond, M. P., Harris, A. W., Gordon, E., & Williams, L. M., (2005). “Gamma synchrony” in first-episode schizophrenia: A disorder of temporal connectivity? American Journal of Psychiatry, 162(3), 459–465.PubMedCrossRef Symond, M. P., Harris, A. W., Gordon, E., & Williams, L. M., (2005). “Gamma synchrony” in first-episode schizophrenia: A disorder of temporal connectivity? American Journal of Psychiatry, 162(3), 459–465.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Szatmari, P., Bryson, S. E., Boyle, M. H., Streiner, D. L., & Duku, E., (2003). Predictors of outcome among high functioning children with autism and Asperger syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 44(4), 520–528.CrossRef Szatmari, P., Bryson, S. E., Boyle, M. H., Streiner, D. L., & Duku, E., (2003). Predictors of outcome among high functioning children with autism and Asperger syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines, 44(4), 520–528.CrossRef
go back to reference Tager-Flusberg, H., Pauls, R., & Lord, C. (2005). Language and communication in autism. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (Vol. 1, pp. 335–364). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Tager-Flusberg, H., Pauls, R., & Lord, C. (2005). Language and communication in autism. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (Vol. 1, pp. 335–364). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
go back to reference Towbin, K. E. (2006). Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin &; D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (Vol. 2, pp. 165–200). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Towbin, K. E. (2006). Pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin &; D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders (Vol. 2, pp. 165–200). John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
go back to reference Van der Gaag, R. J., Caplan, R., Van Engeland, H., Loman, F., & Buitelaar, J. (2005). A controlled study of formal thought disorder in children with autism and multiple complex developmental disorders. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 15(3), 465–476.PubMedCrossRef Van der Gaag, R. J., Caplan, R., Van Engeland, H., Loman, F., & Buitelaar, J. (2005). A controlled study of formal thought disorder in children with autism and multiple complex developmental disorders. Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, 15(3), 465–476.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Volden, J., & Lord, C. (1991). Neologisms and idiosyncratic language in autistic speakers. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21(2), 109–130.PubMedCrossRef Volden, J., & Lord, C. (1991). Neologisms and idiosyncratic language in autistic speakers. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21(2), 109–130.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Volkmar, F. R., & Cohen, D. J. (1991). Comorbid association of autism and schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148(12), 1705–1707.PubMed Volkmar, F. R., & Cohen, D. J. (1991). Comorbid association of autism and schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 148(12), 1705–1707.PubMed
go back to reference Walker, E., Grimes, K., Davis, D., & Smith, A. (1993) Childhood precursors of schizophrenia: Facial expression of emotions. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150(11), 1654–1660.PubMed Walker, E., Grimes, K., Davis, D., & Smith, A. (1993) Childhood precursors of schizophrenia: Facial expression of emotions. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150(11), 1654–1660.PubMed
go back to reference Wechsler, D. (1999). Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence (WASI). San Antonio: Harcourt Assessment. Wechsler, D. (1999). Wechsler abbreviated scale of intelligence (WASI). San Antonio: Harcourt Assessment.
Metagegevens
Titel
Formal Thought Disorder and the Autism Spectrum: Relationship with Symptoms, Executive Control, and Anxiety
Auteurs
Marjorie Solomon
Sally Ozonoff
Cameron Carter
Rochelle Caplan
Publicatiedatum
01-09-2008
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 8/2008
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-007-0526-6

Andere artikelen Uitgave 8/2008

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 8/2008 Naar de uitgave