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13-03-2020 | Original Article

Fearlessness About Death is Related to Diminished Late Positive Potential Responses When Viewing Threatening and Mutilation Images in Suicidal Ideators

Auteurs: Brian W. Bauer, Brian J. Albanese, Richard J. Macatee, Raymond P. Tucker, Edward Bernat, Norman B. Schmidt, Daniel W. Capron

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 3/2020

Abstract

Background

Very few people who desire death by suicide ever make a suicide attempt, highlighting the importance of determining factors that influence the capability to enact lethal self-harm. One such factor is fearlessness about death, which has been found to be an important predictor of suicide attempts. Recently, longitudinal evidence found that fearlessness about death is positively associated with fluctuations in suicidal ideation. Efforts exploring biophysical mechanisms of suicide have found diminished physiological responses to threat/mutilation-related images in suicide attempters and in individuals who report being less fearful of death. These studies suggest that an individual with greater fearlessness about death may demonstrate a blunted response to threat/mutilation stimuli; however, this hypothesis has yet to be directly tested.

Methods

This study used an electroencephalography/event-related potential paradigm to examine late positive potential (LPP) amplitude differences in an adult community sample (N = 280), as well as a subsample with current suicidal ideation (n = 62), with a high rate of psychopathology (90.1%). It was hypothesized that participants with higher fearlessness about death would show diminished responses (smaller LPP amplitude) when viewing threat/mutilation images.

Results

Results indicated that participants with suicidal ideation and elevated fearlessness about death demonstrated a blunted emotional response to threat/mutilation images but similar reactions to rewarding pleasant stimuli.

Conclusions

These results suggest blunted LPP responses to threat/mutilation stimuli may be a potential biophysical mechanism for fearless about death.

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Threat/Mutilation images, male participants: 1050, 1120, 1300, 1525, 3000, 3010, 3030, 3053, 3060, 3068, 3069, 3071, 3080, 3120, 3130, 3400, 6200, 6210, 6230, 6243, 6250, 6260, 6300, 6510.

Threat/Mutilation images, female participants: 1050, 1120, 1525, 3000, 3010, 3030, 3053, 3060, 3068, 3069, 3080, 3102, 3120, 3130, 3266, 6200, 6210,6230, 6243, 6250, 6260, 6300, 6510.

Please images, male participants: 4002, 4141, 4142, 4180,4210, 4220,4232, 4240, 4250, 4290, 4300, 4310, 4607, 4608, 4651, 4652, 4658, 4659, 4660, 4664, 4670, 4681, 4683, 4800.

Please images, female participants: 4470, 4490, 4503, 4510, 4531, 4538, 4550, 4572, 4599, 4608, 4609, 4623, 4656, 4658, 4659, 4660, 4670, 4679, 4677, 4680, 4681, 4687, 4689, 4690.

Neutral images: 2102, 2190, 2200, 2210, 2214, 2215, 2385, 2393, 2440, 2480, 2493, 2495, 2499, 2512, 2516, 2570, 2850, 2870, 2890, 5390, 5395, 5471, 5731, 7000, 7004, 7006, 7010, 7020, 7025, 7031, 7035, 7036, 7037, 7039,7040, 7041, 7050, 7080, 7090, 7096, 7100, 7110, 7130, 7140, 7150, 7175, 7180, 7217, 7235, 7242, 7490, 7491, 7500, 7546, 7547, 7590, 7595, 7705, 7905, 9070.

The proposed analyses were also conducted using the IAPS pleasant image decrease and IAPS threat/mutilation increase LPPs, which revealed no significant findings. Because these analyses were not theoretically or empirically supported, we did not include them in the present study.

Results were consistent when analyses were conducted both with and without subjects for whom channels of interest were interpolated.

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Titel: Fearlessness About Death is Related to Diminished Late Positive Potential Responses When Viewing Threatening and Mutilation Images in Suicidal Ideators
Auteurs: Brian W. Bauer
Brian J. Albanese
Richard J. Macatee
Raymond P. Tucker
Edward Bernat
Norman B. Schmidt
Daniel W. Capron
Publicatiedatum: 13-03-2020
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 3/2020
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-020-10094-4

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Conclusions

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