Regrettably, most medically assisted reproductive (MAR) techniques have been introduced to the clinic after preclinical studies focusing on the efficacy but without any systematically and statistically powered preclinical research into the safety of these therapies for the offspring [
34]. Although children conceived through current reproductive techniques such as IVF or ICSI are predominantly healthy, there is some evidence of an increased risk of congenital abnormalities, low birthweight, developmental deviations and cardiometabolic disease [
35].
Extensive health assessment of the offspring, using animal models, is now commonly required in order to obtain the agreement of medical ethical agencies for releasing novel MAR treatments in a clinical setting [
36]. Several studies have provided some information on how SSCT impacts the offspring using rodent models. However, most of these reports have missed parts of the whole SSCT procedure, by use of uncultured SSCs [
21] or additional assisted reproductive techniques (ICSI, IVF) to generate offspring [
28,
37]. Additionally, other reports have not determined the health of the SSCT offspring [
28,
38]. Therefore, a systematic preclinical follow-up of SSCT offspring development, including all steps of the procedure, was warranted before clinical application [
34]. Recently, a preclinical study was performed that thoroughly assessed birth characteristics, childhood development and adult health in SSCT-derived offspring using a systematic approach in a mouse model [
39]. This was the first preclinical study that thoroughly investigated a novel MAR. These results indicated that in general, throughout their lifetime, offspring naturally conceived after SSCT does not have increased congenital abnormalities (birthweight and length and physical abnormalities), developmental deviations (reflexes, weight, length, and physical development) and cardiometabolic problems (high blood pressure, altered heart rate, glucose intolerance, obesity) compared to naturally conceived control mice. The incidence of pathologies and life expectancy at the end of the study at 18 months of age (equivalent with 60 years in humans) are also similar between groups. Therefore, culture and autotransplantation of SSCs into sterile males do not seem to impact the health of their offspring throughout life.