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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

28-10-2016

Factors Associated with Healthy and Impaired Social Functioning in Young Adolescents with ADHD

Auteurs: A. Raisa Ray, Steven W. Evans, Joshua M. Langberg

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 5/2017

Abstract

There is variability in the extent to which adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) exhibit social impairment, as the same diagnosis does not necessarily entail impairment in the same area(s) of functioning. The current study entailed a cross-sectional examination of enhancers to healthy social functioning and risk factors to parent- and self-rated social impairment in 324 middle school youth (ages 10–14 years) with ADHD. A series of binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate a risk-resilience model for social functioning, including testing compensatory (i.e., main; buffering) and protective (i.e., interaction) effects of enhancers in the presence of identified risk factors. Youth conduct problems, youth depression, and negative parenting emerged as risk factors. Self-rated social acceptance, activity participation (breadth and intensity), and parent involvement were enhancers of healthy social functioning. Of these enhancers, activity participation (breadth and intensity) and parent involvement showed buffering effects against the negative impact of the risk factors on social functioning. None of the enhancers displayed protective effects. The findings of this study enhance our understanding of the social functioning of young adolescents with ADHD, who comprise an understudied population relative to younger children with similar problems.

vorige artikel Mother-Child Relationship in Youths with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and their Siblings

volgende artikel Executive Functioning and Engagement in Physical and Relational Aggression among Children with ADHD

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Correlations among enhancers ranged from 0.03 to 0.58 and among risk factors ranged from 0.004 to 0.70. Medium-sized correlations were expected for parenting variables and the disruptive behavior symptoms, but because different facets of these constructs were of interest in this study, these variables were kept. Multicollinearity is indicated when correlations are in the 0.80 or 0.90 range (Field 2013). In our study, all correlations were under 0.70 with most of them being lower than 0.30. Significant correlations between enhancing/risk factors and the social skills variables ranged from 0.12 to 0.35.

In logistic regression the percentage of correct classification of cases is considered the best representation of goodness of fit (Hair et al. 2010).

The PCC (percentage of correct classification) represents the classification accuracy rate that is 25 % greater than chance. The PCC represents the threshold to be met or surpassed by the actual/observed percentage of correct classification of cases in each analysis. With one exception, all analyses in this study fulfilled this criterion.

This is the exception mentioned in the previous footnote. The correct classification of cases in this analysis is 14 % above chance, rather than the recommended 25 %.

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Titel: Factors Associated with Healthy and Impaired Social Functioning in Young Adolescents with ADHD
Auteurs: A. Raisa Ray
Steven W. Evans
Joshua M. Langberg
Publicatiedatum: 28-10-2016
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 5/2017
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-016-0217-x

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