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Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 5/2017

09-02-2017 | Original Paper

Exploring the Cognitive Foundations of the Shared Attention Mechanism: Evidence for a Relationship Between Self-Categorization and Shared Attention Across the Autism Spectrum

Auteurs: Daniel P. Skorich, Tahlia B. Gash, Katie L. Stalker, Lidan Zheng, S. Alexander Haslam

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders | Uitgave 5/2017

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Abstract

The social difficulties of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are typically explained as a disruption in the Shared Attention Mechanism (SAM) sub-component of the theory of mind (ToM) system. In the current paper, we explore the hypothesis that SAM’s capacity to construct the self-other-object relations necessary for shared-attention arises from a self-categorization process, which is weaker among those with more autistic-like traits. We present participants with self-categorization and shared-attention tasks, and measure their autism-spectrum quotient (AQ). Results reveal a negative relationship between AQ and shared-attention, via self-categorization, suggesting a role for self-categorization in the disruption in SAM seen in ASD. Implications for intervention, and for a ToM model in which weak central coherence plays a role are discussed.
vorige artikel A Predictive Coding Account of Psychotic Symptoms in Autism Spectrum Disorder
volgende artikel Comprehensive Psychometric Analysis of the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Voetnoten
1
Superficially, the triadic representations described by Baron-Cohen (2005) and the shared-attention state described by Shteynberg (2010) appear to be distinct forms of cognitive representation. Multidimensional models of self-categorization (e.g., see McGarty 1999, pp. 34–35, 119–120), however, suggest that self, other, and object can simultaneously be viewed in terms of their triadic relations and in terms of a first-person plural representation.
 
2
There is good reason to believe that categorization – and its social corollary self-categorization – is a basic cognitive process, because its primary function of dividing sensory information into units of meaning is necessary for any adaptive response to the external environment. Nonetheless, it is possible that categorization and self-categorization can only arise following particular, specific inputs from the environment (consistent with a neuroconstructivist approach; Mareschal 2011), such that the causals paths underlying a complex process such as shared attention would be dynamic and multi-directional. Mapping out this interplay in future research is crucial to understanding the causal antecedents of shared attention and social perception more generally.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Exploring the Cognitive Foundations of the Shared Attention Mechanism: Evidence for a Relationship Between Self-Categorization and Shared Attention Across the Autism Spectrum
Auteurs
Daniel P. Skorich
Tahlia B. Gash
Katie L. Stalker
Lidan Zheng
S. Alexander Haslam
Publicatiedatum
09-02-2017
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders / Uitgave 5/2017
Print ISSN: 0162-3257
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3432
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-017-3049-9

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