Top

Gepubliceerd in:

07-09-2019 | Original Paper

Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents in Residential Care Under Protective Measures

Auteurs: Juan Manuel Moreno-Manso, María de la Rosa Murillo, Ma Elena García-Baamonde, Eloísa Guerrero-Barona, Marta Rodríguez-Jiménez

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies | Uitgave 12/2019

Abstract

Objectives

This research analyses the executive functions in children and adolescents (between 7 and 16 years of age) in residential care. These children and adolescents are under protective measures due to abuse and/or neglect. The presence of significant differences in the executive functioning is explored, while taking into account such variables as gender, age and time spent in residential care.

Methods

The sample is made up of 73 children and adolescents under protective measures (43 male and 30 female). The participants make up the total number of children and adolescents in residential care centres in 2018.

Results

The neuropsychological evaluation shows that these children and adolescents have difficulties in their executive functions. They show mental rigidity, scarce ability to face cognitive stress and also have problems in controlling their attention span and the speed with which they can process information.

Conclusions

This study contributes to early intervention in the sphere of healthcare assistance within this at-risk population. It provides useful information for designing neuropsychological intervention proposals in executive functions.

vorige artikel The Prevalence and Associated Factors of Depression, Anxiety and Stress of First Year Undergraduate Students in a Public Higher Learning Institution in Malaysia

volgende artikel Mindfulness Skills and Psychological Inflexibility: Two Useful Tools for a Clinical Assessment for Adolescents with Internalizing Behaviors

Amores-Villalba, A., & Mateos-Mateos, R. (2017). Revisión de la neuropsicología del maltrato infantil: la neurobiología y el perfil neuropsicológico de las víctimas de abusos en la infancia. Psicología Educativa, 23, 81–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pse.2017.05.006.CrossRef

Anderson, V., Northam, E., Hendy, J., & Wrennall, J. (2005). Developmental neuropsychology: a clinical approach. New York, NY: Psychology Press.

Ardila, A., & Ostrosky, F. (2012). Guía para el diagnóstico neuropsicológico. México: Universidad Nacional Autonóma de México.

Ardila, A., & Rosselli, M. (2007). Neuropsicología clínica. México: Manual Moderno.

Armengol, C. G. (2002). Stroop test in Spanish: children’s norms. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 16, 67–80. https://doi.org/10.1076/clin.16.1.67.8337.CrossRefPubMed

Beers, S. R., & De Bellis, M. D. (2002). Neuropsychological function in children with maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 483–486. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.159.3.483.CrossRefPubMed

Betancourt, Y. U., Villamil, I. A., Cuesta, J. B., & López, D. O. (2016). Relación entre maltrato físico y emocional y funciones cognoscitivas en niños de 6 a 10 años. Cultura Educación y Sociedad, 3(1), 57–72.

Burghy, C. A., Stodola, D. E., Ruttle, P. L., Molloy, E. K., Armstrong, J. M., Oler, J. A., & Fox, M. E., et al. (2012). Developmental pathways to amygdala-prefrontal function and internalizing symptoms in adolescents. Nature Neuroscience, 15, 1736–1741. https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.3257.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Cicchetti, D., & Rogosch, F. A. (2001). The impact of child maltreatment and psychopathology upon neuroendocrine functioning. Development and Psychopathology, 13, 783–804.CrossRef

Cicchetti, D., & Valentino, K. (2006). An ecological transactional perspective on child maltreatment: failure of the average expectable environment and its influence upon child development. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Developmental psychopathology: risk, disorder, and adaptation (pp. 129–201). New York, NY: Wiley.

Cicognani, E. (2011). Coping strategies with minor stressors in adolescence: relationships with social support, self-efficacy, and psychological well-being. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 41(3), 559–578. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00726.x.CrossRef

Correa, C., Fernández-Alcántara, M., Pérez-García, M., Laynez-Rubio, C., & Cruz-Quintana, F. (2017). Effects of an executive functions stimulation programme for children with learning disabilities. Estudios de Psicología, 38, 537–551. https://doi.org/10.1080/02109395.2017.1295576.CrossRef

Davis, A. S., Moss, L. E., Nogin, M., & Webb, N. (2015). Neuropsychology of child mal-treatment and implications for school psychologists. Psychology in the Schools, 52, 77–91. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.21806.CrossRef

De Bellis, M. D., Keshavan, M. S., Shifflett, H., Iyengar, S., Beers, S. R., Hall, J., & Moritz, G. (2002). Brain structures in pediatric maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a sociodemographically matched study. Biological Psychiatry, 52, 1066–1078. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01459-2.CrossRefPubMed

De Bellis, M. D. (2005). The psychobiology of neglect. Child Maltreatment, 10, 150–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559505275116.CrossRefPubMed

De Bellis, M. D., & Kuchibhatla, M. (2006). Cerebellar volumes in pediatric maltreatment-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Biological Psychiatry, 60(7), 697–703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.04.035.CrossRefPubMed

De Bellis, M. D., Hooper, S. R., Spratt, E. G., & Woolley, D. P. (2009). Neuropsychological findings in childhood neglect and their relationships to pediatric PTSD. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 15(6), 868–878. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617709990464.CrossRefPubMedCentral

De Bellis, M. D., Keshavan, M. S., Spencer, S., & Hall, J. (2000). N-Acetylaspartate concentration in the anterior cingulate of maltreated children and adolescents with PTSD. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1175–1177. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.7.1175.CrossRefPubMed

De Bellis, M. D., Woolley, D. P., & Hooper, S. R. (2013). Neuropsychological findings in pediatric maltreatment: relationship of PTSD, dissociative symptoms, and abuse/neglect indices to neurocognitive outcomes. Child Maltreatment, 18(3), 171–183. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559513497420.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

De Nicola, A. F. (2015). Mecanismos neuroendocrinos de respuesta durante el estrés y la carga alostática. Ciencia e Investigación, 65(1), 17–26.

De Prince, A. P., Weinzierl, K. M., & Combs, M. D. (2009). Executive function performance and trauma exposure in a community sample of children. Child Abuse & Neglect, 33, 353–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2008.08.002.CrossRef

DeGregorio, L. J. (2012). Intergenerational transmission of abuse: implications for parenting interventions from a neuropsychological. Perspective. Traumatology, 19, 158–166. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534765612457219.CrossRef

Diamond, A. (2013). Executive Functions. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 135–168. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurevpsych-113011-143750.CrossRefPubMed

Dileo, J. F., Brewer, W., Northam, E., Yucel, M., & Anderson, V. (2017). Investigating the neurodevelopmental mediators of aggression in children with a history of child maltreatment: An exploratory field study. Child Neuropsychology, 23(6), 655–677. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2016.1186159.CrossRefPubMed

Eisenberg, N., & Fabes, R. (2006). Emotion regulation and childrens socioemotional competence. In L. Balter & C. Tamis-LeMonda (Eds.), Childs psychology: a handbook of contemporary issues (pp. 357–381). New York, NY: Psychology Press.

Emslie, H., Wilson, F. C., Burden, V., Nimmo-Smith, I., & Wilson, B. A. (2003). Behavioural Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome for Children (BADS-C). London, UK: Harcourt Assessment/The Psychological Corporation.

Evans, S. E., Steel, A. L., Watkins, L. E., & DiLillo, D. (2014). Childhood exposure to family violence and adult trauma symptoms: the importance of social support from a spouse. psychological trauma: theory, research. Practice and Policy, 6, 527–536. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0036940.CrossRef

Fares, N., & Portellano, J. A. (2012). Evaluación neuropsicológica en el maltrato infantil. Polibea, 103, 13–20.

García, T., Rodríguez, C., González-Castro, P., Álvarez, D., Cueli, M., & González-Pienda, J. A. (2013). Executive functioning in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and reading disabilities. International Journal of Psychology & Psychological Therapy, 13(2), 179–194.

García-Molina, A., Enseñat-Cantallops, A., Tirapu-Ustárroz, J., & Roig-Rovira, T. (2009). Maduración de la corteza prefrontal y desarrollo de las funciones ejecutivas durante los primeros cinco años de vida. Revista de Neurología, 48(8), 435–440.CrossRef

Geurts, H. M., & Marlies, E. U. (2012). Ederly with autism: executive functions and memory. Journal of Autism and Developmental Desorders, 42(5), 665–675. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-011-1291-0.CrossRef

Giménez-Pando, J., Pérez-Arjona, E., Dujovny, M., & Díaz, F. G. (2007). Secuelas neurológicas del maltrato infantil. Revisión bibliográfica. Neurocirugía, 18, 95–100.CrossRef

Golden, C. J. (1994). STROOP. Test de colores y palabras. Madrid: TEA.

González-García, C., Bravo, A., Arruabarrena, I., Martín, E., Santos, I., & Del Valle, J. F. (2017). Emotional and behavioural problems of children in residential care: screening detection and referrals to mental health services. Children and Youth Services Review, 73, 100–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.12.011.CrossRef

Grassi-Oliveira, R., Ashy, M., & Milnitsky, L. (2008). Psychobiology of childhood maltreatment: effects of allostatic load? Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatría, 30(1), 60–68. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-44462008000100012.CrossRefPubMed

Hanson, J. L., Knodt, A. R., Brigidi, B. D., & Hariri, A. R. (2015). Lower structural integrity of the uncinate fasciculus is associated with a history of child maltreatment and future psychological vulnerability to stress. Development and Psychopatology, 27(402), 1611–1619. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579415000978.CrossRef

Heinz, A. J., Beck, A., Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Sterzer, P., & Heinz, A. (2011). Cognitive and neurobiological mechanisms of alcohol-related aggression. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 12(7), 400 https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn3042.CrossRefPubMed

Heleniak, C., Jenness, J. L., Vander, A., McCauley, E., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2016). Childhood maltreatment exposure and disruptions in emotion regulation: a transdiagnostic pathway to adolescent internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 40, 394–415. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-015-9735-z.CrossRefPubMed

Jaffe, S. R., & Kohn, A. (2011). Effects of chronic maltreatment and maltreatment timing on children’s behavior and cognitive abilities. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 52, 184–194. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.2010.02304.x.CrossRef

Jones, L. M., Finkelhor, D., & Halter, S. (2006). Child maltreatment trends in the 1990’s: Why does neglect differ from sexual and physical abuse. Child Maltreatment, 11(2), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077559505284375.CrossRefPubMed

Kavanaugh, B., & Holler, K. (2015). Neurocognitive functioning in adolescents following childhood maltreatment and evidence for underlying planning & organizational deficits. Child Neuropsychology, 21(6), 840–848. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2014.929101.CrossRefPubMed

Kavanaugh, B. C., Dupont-Frechette, J. A., Jerskey, B. A., & Holler, K. A. (2017). Neurocognitive deficits in children and adolescents following maltreatment: neurodevelopmental consequences and neuropsychological implications of traumatic stress. Applied Neuropsychology: Child, 6(1), 64–78. https://doi.org/10.1080/21622965.2015.1079712.CrossRef

Korzeniowski, C. G. (2011). Desarrollo evolutivo del funcionamiento ejecutivo y su relación con el aprendizaje escolar. Revista de Psicología, 7(13), 7–26.

Lezak, M. D., Howieson, D. B., & Loring, D. W. (2004). Neuropsychological assessment. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Lim, L., Radua, J., & Rubia, K. (2014). Gray matter abnormalities in childhood maltreatment: a voxel-wise meta-analysis. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 171(8), 854–863. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.13101427.CrossRefPubMed

Loeber, R., Burke, J. D., & Pardini, D. A. (2009). Development and etiology of disruptive and delinquent behavior. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 5, 291–310. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.032408.153631.CrossRefPubMed

Lupien, S. J., McEwen, B. S., Gunnar, M. R., & Heim, C. (2009). Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 10(6), 434–445. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrn2639.CrossRefPubMed

McLachlan, J. F. Cy, & Sedó, M. A. (2003). The development of a cross-cultural task of alternation. The Clinical Neuropsychologist, 17(1), 102.

McLaughlin, K., Peverill, M., Gold, A., Alves, S., & Sheridan, M. (2015). Child maltreatment and neural systems underlying emotion regulation. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 54, 753–762. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2015.06.010.CrossRef

Mesa-Gresa, P., & Moya-Albiol, L. (2011). Neurobiología del maltrato infantil: el “ciclo de la violencia”. Revista de Neurología, 52(8), 489–503.CrossRef

Mezzacappa, E., Kindlon, D., & Earls, F. (2001). Child abuse and performance task assessments of executive functions in boys. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 42(8), 1041–1048.CrossRef

Moreno-Manso, J. M., García-Baamonde, M. E., Blázquez-Alonso, M., Guerrero-Barona, E., & Godoy-Merino, M. J. (2018). Empathy and coping strategies in youths subject to protection measures. Children and Youth Services Review, 93, 100–107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.07.011.CrossRef

Moreno-Manso, J. M., García-Baamonde, M. E., Guerrero-Barona, E., Godoy-Merino, M. J., Blázquez-Alonso, M., & González-Rico., P. (2016). Perceived emotional intelligence and social competence in neglected adolescents. Journal of Youth Studies, 19, 821–835. https://doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2015.1112883.CrossRef

Moya-Albiol, L., & Martín-Ramírez, J. (2015). Eje hipotálamo-hipófiso-adrenal y agresión. In En L. Moya-Albiol (Ed.). Neurocriminología. Psicobiología de la violencia (pp. 201–215). Madrid: Pirámide.

Nagy, Z., Westerberg, H., & Klingberg, T. (2004). Maturation of white matter is associated with the development of cognitive functions during childhood. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 16, 1227–1233. https://doi.org/10.1162/0898929041920441.CrossRefPubMed

Navalta, C. P., Polcari, A., Webster, D., Boghossian, A., & Teicher, M. (2006). Effects of childhood sexual abuse on neuropsychological and cognitive function in colleague women. The Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 18(1), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1176/jnp.18.1.45.CrossRefPubMed

Nikulina, V., & Spatz, C. (2013). Child maltreatment and executive functioning in middle adulthood: a prospective examination. Neuropsychology, 27, 417–427. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032811.CrossRefPubMed

Nikulina, V., & Widom, C. S. (2013). Child maltreatment and executive functioning in middle adulthood: a prospective examination. Neuropsychology, 27(4), 417–427. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032811.CrossRefPubMed

Nolin, P., & Ethier, L. (2007). Using neuropsychological profiles to classify neglected children with or without physical abuse. Child Abuse & Neglect, 31, 631–643. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.12.009.CrossRef

Papazian, O., Alfonso, I., & Luzondo, R. (2006). Trastornos de las Funciones Ejecutivas. Revista de Neurología, 42(supl.3), 45–50.

Pechtel, P., & Pizzagalli, D. A. (2011). Effects of early life stress on cognitive and affective function: an integrated review of human literature. Psychopharmacology, 214, 55–70. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-010-2009-2.CrossRefPubMed

Pechtel, P., Lyons-Ruth, K., Anderson, C. M., & Teicher, M. H. (2014). Sensitive periods of amygdala development: the role of maltreatment in preadolescence. Neuroimage, 97, 236–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.04.025.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Pérez, E., & Capilla, A. (2008). Neuropsicología infantil. In En. J. Tirapu, M. Ríos & F. Maestú (Eds.), Manual de Neuropsicología (pp. 441–469). Barcelona: Viguera Editores, S.L.

Perlman, S., & Fantuzzo, J. (2010). Timing and influences of early experiences of child maltreatment and homelessness on children´s educational wellbeing. Children and Young Services Review, 32(6), 874–883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2010.02.007.CrossRef

Pollak, S. D., Nelson, C. A., Schlaak, M. F., Roeber, B. J., Wewerka, S. S., Wiik, K. L., & Frenn, K. A., et al. (2010). Neurodevelopmental effects of early deprivation in post- institutionalized children. Child Development, 81, 224–236. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01391.x.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Portellano, J. A., Martínez, R., & Zumarraga, L. (2009). ENFEN: Evaluación Neuropsicológica de las Funciones Ejecutivas en Niños. Madrid: TEA.

Reyna, V. F., & Farley, F. (2007). El cerebro adolescente. Mente y Cerebro, 26, 56–63.

Robinson, S., Goddard, L., Dritschel, B., Wisley, M., & Howlin, P. (2009). Executive functions in children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Brain and Cognition, 71, 362–368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandc.2009.06.007.CrossRefPubMed

Rosselli, M., Jurado, M., & Matute, E. (2008). Las Funciones Ejecutivas a Través de la Vida. Revista de Neuropsicología, Neuropsiquiatría y Neurociencias, 8(1), 23–46.

Sedó, M. A. (2007). FDT, Test de los Cinco Dígitos. Madrid: TEA.

Spann, M., Mayes, L., Kalmar, J., Guiney, J., Womer, F., Pittman, B., & Blumberg, H. (2012). Childhood abuse and neglect and cognitive flexibility inadolescents. Child Neuropsychology, 18, 182–189. https://doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2011.595400.CrossRefPubMed

Spratt, E. G., Friedenberg, S., LaRosa, A., De Bellis, M. D., Macias, M. M., Summer, A. P., Hulsey, T. C., Runyan, D. K., & Brady, K. T. (2012). The effects of early neglect on cognitive, language, and behavioral functioning in childhood. Psychology, 3(2), 175–182. https://doi.org/10.4236/psych.2012.32026.CrossRefPubMed

Stipanicic, A., Nolin, P., Fortin, G., & Gobeil, M. F. (2008). Comparative study of the cognitive sequelae of school-aged victims of Shaken Baby Syndrome. Child Abuse & Neglect, 32, 415–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.07.008.CrossRef

Stuss, D. T., & Knight, R. T. (2013). Principles of frontal lobe function. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Takesian, A. E., & Hensch, T. K. (2013). Balancing plasticity/stability across brain development. Progress in Brain Research, 207, 3–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-63327-9.00001-1.CrossRefPubMed

Teicher, M. H., Andersen, S. L., Polcari, A., Anderson, C. M., Navalta, C. P., & Kim, D. M. (2003). The neurobiological consequences of early stress and childhood maltreatment. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 27, 33–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0149-7634(03)00007-1.CrossRefPubMed

Tirapu, J., Ríos, M., & Maestú, F. (2011). Manual de Neuropsicología. Barcelona: Viguera.

Tirapu-Ustárroz, J., Muñoz-Céspedes, J. M., Pelegrín-Valero, C., & Albéniz-Ferreras, A. (2005). Propuesta de un protocolo para la evaluación de las funciones ejecutivas. Revista de Neurología, 41(3), 177–186.CrossRef

Tyrka, A. R., Lee, J. K., Graber, J. A., Clement, A. M., Kelly, M. M., DeRose, L., Warren, M. P., & Brooks-Gunn, J. (2012). Neuroendocrine predictors of emotional and behavioral adjustment in boys: longitudinal follow-up of a community sample. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37, 2042–2046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.04.004.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Vargas-Rubilar, J., & Arán-Filippetti, V. (2014). Importancia de la Parentalidad para el Desarrollo Cognitivo Infantil: una Revisión Teórica. Revista Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Niñez y Juventud, 12(1), 171–186.CrossRef

Vasilevski, V., & Tucker, A. (2016). Wide-ranging cognitive deficits in adolescents following early life maltreatment. Neuropsychology, 30(2), 239–246. https://doi.org/10.1037/neu0000215.CrossRefPubMed

Watts-English, T., Fortson, B. L., Gibler, N., Hooper, S. R., & De Bellis, M. D. (2006). The psychobiology of maltreatment in childhood. Journal of Social Issues, 62, 717–736.CrossRef

Wechsler, D. (2015). WISC-V. Escala de Inteligencia de Wechsler para niños. Madrid: Pearson.

Weinstock, M. (2007). Gender differences in the effects of prenatal stress on brain development and behaviour. Neurochemical Research, 32, 1730–1740. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-007-9339-4.CrossRefPubMed

Wilson, B. A., Alderman, N., Burgess, P. W., Emslie, H., & Evans, J. J. (1996). Behavioural assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome. Bury St. Edmunds, UK: Thames Valley Test Company.

Wilson, K. R., & Hansen, D. J. (2011). The traumatic stress response in child maltreatment and resultant neuropsychological effects. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 16, 87–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2010.12.007.CrossRef

Titel: Executive Functions in Children and Adolescents in Residential Care Under Protective Measures
Auteurs: Juan Manuel Moreno-Manso
María de la Rosa Murillo
Ma Elena García-Baamonde
Eloísa Guerrero-Barona
Marta Rodríguez-Jiménez
Publicatiedatum: 07-09-2019
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Child and Family Studies / Uitgave 12/2019
Print ISSN: 1062-1024
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2843
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-019-01538-x

Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Log in om toegang te krijgen

Andere artikelen Uitgave 12/2019

Solitude and Loneliness Profiles in Early Adolescents: A Person-Centred Approach

Litigation and School Resource Officers

High School Dropout: Association with Family Structure, Maternal Employment, and Health-risk Habits Among Female Mexican Adolescents

Intergenerational Transmission of Emotion Dysregulation: The Role of Authoritarian Parenting Style and Family Chronic Stress

Safety and Risk Assessment in Child Welfare: A Reliability Study Using Multiple Measures

Do Parental Behaviours Predict Anxiety Symptom Levels? A 3 Year Follow Up