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Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research 3/2018

16-02-2017 | Original Article

Evidence for instructions-based updating of task-set representations: the informed fadeout effect

Auteurs: Maayan Pereg, Nachshon Meiran

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 3/2018

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Abstract

The cognitive system can be updated rapidly and efficiently to maximize performance in cognitive tasks. This paper used a task-switching task to explore updating at the level of the plausible task-sets held for future performance. Previous research suggested a “fadeout effect”, performance improvement when moving from task-switching context to single-task context, yet this effect could reflect passive learning rather than intentional control. In a novel “informed fadeout paradigm”, one of two tasks was canceled for a certain number of trials and participants were informed or uninformed regarding task cancelation. The “informed fadeout effect” indicates better performance in the informed than uninformed fadeout after one informed trial had been executed. However, the results regarding the first trial were inconclusive. Possible underlying mechanisms are discussed.
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Alleen toegankelijk voor geautoriseerde gebruikers
Voetnoten
1
We wish to thank Michael Ziessler, for reviewing this paper and suggesting this baseline.
 
2
The differentiation between the first and the more advanced trials was based on preliminary results that are reported in the Supplementary Materials S1 and S2, and also uses to test for a specific expected pattern.
 
3
Two preliminary experiments are reported in the Supplementary materials, both showing an informed fadeout effect—improved RT from the second informed trial relative to the uninformed condition. According to their results we decided to (a) use a constant fadeout length (Experiment S1) and (b) place the informed condition at the end of trial-blocks (Experiment S2).
 
4
The trend in PE was very noisy, and if anything showed an average increase in PE.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Evidence for instructions-based updating of task-set representations: the informed fadeout effect
Auteurs
Maayan Pereg
Nachshon Meiran
Publicatiedatum
16-02-2017
Uitgeverij
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in
Psychological Research / Uitgave 3/2018
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-017-0842-1

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