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17-03-2017 | Empirical Research

Everything’s Gonna be Alright! The Longitudinal Interplay among Social Support, Peer Victimization, and Depressive Symptoms

Auteurs: Taniesha Burke, Fabio Sticca, Sonja Perren

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 9/2017

Abstract

Peer victimization has been identified as a risk factor for depressive symptoms. The current study investigated the longitudinal interplay among social support, peer victimization and depressive symptoms in early adolescence. We specifically investigated the promotive and protective role of parental and friendship support on the longitudinal relationship between victimization and depressive symptoms. A total of 960 Swiss adolescents (49% female, M_age 13.2 years) completed an electronic questionnaire four times, with 6-month intervals. Trivariate cross-lagged models with latent longitudinal moderations were computed. The analyses confirmed that peer victimization was positively associated with changes in depressive symptoms, and depressive symptoms were positively associated with changes in victimization. Furthermore, bidirectional longitudinal associations between both parental and friendship support and depressive symptoms were found, while neither parental nor friendship support was found to be longitudinally associated with peer victimization. Further, neither parental nor friendship support moderated the longitudinal relationship between victimization and depressive symptoms. Thus, the present results suggested that parental and friendship support were promotive factors for adolescents’ well-being, while neither parental, nor friendship support buffered the effect of victimization on depressive symptoms, thereby yielding no evidence for their longitudinal protective effect.

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This strategy avoids artificially inflated model fit indices that arise from the use of more than three indicators per latent variable.

In this regard, it is important to note that chi-square difference tests are very sensitive to sample size and make limited sense if used with a large sample such as the one of the present study (Cheung and Rensvold 2002; Little, 2013). Cheung and Rensvold (2002) concluded from their simulation study that deteriorations in CFI of up to 0.01 could be regarded as acceptable, and the more restrictive model should be preferred.

To facilitate the understanding and the interpretation of the results, these phantom variables were referenced as if they were the original latent variables in the following.

This procedure involves fixing the variances of the phantom variable at 1. While this works for exogenous variables (i.e., independent), fixing the residual variance of an endogenous variable (i.e., dependent) to 1 will cause estimation problems. This issue can be addressed by fixing the unstandardized residual variances at 1 and estimating the standardized residual variance in a first step. In a second step, these standardized residual variances can be used to replace the respective constraint on the unstandardized residual variances.

Latent interaction variables were allowed to correlate with all other phantom variables in the model except those that were assessed at the same measurement occasion.

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Titel: Everything’s Gonna be Alright! The Longitudinal Interplay among Social Support, Peer Victimization, and Depressive Symptoms
Auteurs: Taniesha Burke
Fabio Sticca
Sonja Perren
Publicatiedatum: 17-03-2017
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 9/2017
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-017-0653-0

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