Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 2/2011

01-06-2011 | Erratum

Erratum to: A New Measure of the Maladaptive Self-Beliefs in Social Anxiety: Psychometric Properties in a Non-Clinical Sample

Auteurs: Quincy J. J. Wong, Michelle L. Moulds

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 2/2011

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Clark and Wells’ (1995) model of social phobia proposes that there are three types of maladaptive self-beliefs responsible for persistent social anxiety (high standard, conditional, and unconditional beliefs). Although these beliefs are theoretically important, there currently is not a validated measure of these beliefs in the social anxiety literature. Hence, the Self-Beliefs Related to Social Anxiety (SBSA) Scale was developed (Wong and Moulds 2009) and its psychometric properties were examined in the current study using a non-clinical sample (N = 600). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses ultimately indicated that a correlated three-factor solution optimally summarized the data with the three factors corresponding to the three belief types. The SBSA and its three subscales demonstrated good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, as well as convergent and divergent validity. The SBSA thus appears to have good psychometric properties and is appropriate for use in non-clinical samples. The potential applications of the SBSA and avenues for future research are discussed.
Literatuur
go back to reference Abbott, M. J., & Rapee, R. M. (2004). Post-event rumination and negative self-appraisal in social phobia before and after treatment. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113, 136–144.PubMedCrossRef Abbott, M. J., & Rapee, R. M. (2004). Post-event rumination and negative self-appraisal in social phobia before and after treatment. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113, 136–144.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Alden, L. E., & Wallace, S. T. (1995). Social phobia and social appraisal in successful and unsuccessful social interactions. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 497–505.PubMedCrossRef Alden, L. E., & Wallace, S. T. (1995). Social phobia and social appraisal in successful and unsuccessful social interactions. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 497–505.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Beazley, M. B., Glass, C. R., Chambless, D. L., & Arnkoff, D. B. (2001). Cognitive self-statements in social phobia: A comparison across three types of social situations. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 25, 781–799.CrossRef Beazley, M. B., Glass, C. R., Chambless, D. L., & Arnkoff, D. B. (2001). Cognitive self-statements in social phobia: A comparison across three types of social situations. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 25, 781–799.CrossRef
go back to reference Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897.PubMedCrossRef Beck, A. T., Epstein, N., Brown, G., & Steer, R. A. (1988). An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 56, 893–897.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for Beck Depression Inventory (2nd ed.). San Antonio: Psychological Corporation. Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. K. (1996). Manual for Beck Depression Inventory (2nd ed.). San Antonio: Psychological Corporation.
go back to reference Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: The Guilford Press. Brown, T. A. (2006). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. New York: The Guilford Press.
go back to reference Clark, D. M., Ehlers, A., Hackmann, A., McManus, F., Fennell, M., Grey, N., et al. (2006). Cognitive therapy versus exposure and applied relaxation in social phobia: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 568–578.PubMedCrossRef Clark, D. M., Ehlers, A., Hackmann, A., McManus, F., Fennell, M., Grey, N., et al. (2006). Cognitive therapy versus exposure and applied relaxation in social phobia: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 74, 568–578.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Clark, D. M., Ehlers, A., McManus, F., Hackman, A., Fennell, M., Campbell, H., et al. (2003). Cognitive therapy versus fluoxetine in generalized social phobia: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 1058–1067.PubMedCrossRef Clark, D. M., Ehlers, A., McManus, F., Hackman, A., Fennell, M., Campbell, H., et al. (2003). Cognitive therapy versus fluoxetine in generalized social phobia: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71, 1058–1067.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Clark, D. M., & McManus, F. (2002). Information processing in social phobia. Biological Psychiatry, 51, 92–100.PubMedCrossRef Clark, D. M., & McManus, F. (2002). Information processing in social phobia. Biological Psychiatry, 51, 92–100.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R. G. Heimberg, M. R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (pp. 69–93). New York: The Guilford Press. Clark, D. M., & Wells, A. (1995). A cognitive model of social phobia. In R. G. Heimberg, M. R. Liebowitz, D. A. Hope, & F. R. Schneier (Eds.), Social phobia: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment (pp. 69–93). New York: The Guilford Press.
go back to reference Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1983). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1983). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
go back to reference Costello, A. B., & Osborne, J. W. (2005). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 10, 1–9. Costello, A. B., & Osborne, J. W. (2005). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical Assessment, Research & Evaluation, 10, 1–9.
go back to reference Dent, J., & Teasdale, J. D. (1988). Negative cognition and the persistence of depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 29–34.PubMedCrossRef Dent, J., & Teasdale, J. D. (1988). Negative cognition and the persistence of depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 97, 29–34.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Dodge, C. S., Hope, D. A., Heimberg, R. G., & Becker, R. E. (1988). Evaluation of the social interaction self-statement test with a social phobic population. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 12, 211–222.CrossRef Dodge, C. S., Hope, D. A., Heimberg, R. G., & Becker, R. E. (1988). Evaluation of the social interaction self-statement test with a social phobic population. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 12, 211–222.CrossRef
go back to reference Dozois, D. J. A., Dobson, K. S., & Ahnberg, J. L. (1998). A psychometric evaluation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Psychological Assessment, 10, 83–89.CrossRef Dozois, D. J. A., Dobson, K. S., & Ahnberg, J. L. (1998). A psychometric evaluation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II. Psychological Assessment, 10, 83–89.CrossRef
go back to reference Dozois, D. J. A., & Frewen, P. A. (2006). Specificity of cognitive structure in depression and social phobia: A comparison of interpersonal and achievement content. Journal of Affective Disorders, 90, 101–109.PubMedCrossRef Dozois, D. J. A., & Frewen, P. A. (2006). Specificity of cognitive structure in depression and social phobia: A comparison of interpersonal and achievement content. Journal of Affective Disorders, 90, 101–109.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Fabrigar, L. R., Wegener, D. T., MacCallum, R. C., & Strahan, E. J. (1999). Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychological Methods, 4, 272–299.CrossRef Fabrigar, L. R., Wegener, D. T., MacCallum, R. C., & Strahan, E. J. (1999). Evaluating the use of exploratory factor analysis in psychological research. Psychological Methods, 4, 272–299.CrossRef
go back to reference Fergus, T. A., Valentiner, D. P., Kim, H. S., & Stephenson, K. (2009). The Social Thoughts and Beliefs Scale: Psychometric properties and its relation with interpersonal functioning in a non-clinical sample. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33, 425–431.CrossRef Fergus, T. A., Valentiner, D. P., Kim, H. S., & Stephenson, K. (2009). The Social Thoughts and Beliefs Scale: Psychometric properties and its relation with interpersonal functioning in a non-clinical sample. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33, 425–431.CrossRef
go back to reference Gerbing, D. W., & Anderson, J. C. (1993). Monte Carlo evaluations of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 40–65). Newbury Park: Sage. Gerbing, D. W., & Anderson, J. C. (1993). Monte Carlo evaluations of goodness-of-fit indices for structural equation models. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 40–65). Newbury Park: Sage.
go back to reference Glass, C. R., Merluzzi, T. V., Biever, J. L., & Larsen, K. H. (1982). Cognitive assessment of social anxiety: Development and validation of a self-statement questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 6, 37–55.CrossRef Glass, C. R., Merluzzi, T. V., Biever, J. L., & Larsen, K. H. (1982). Cognitive assessment of social anxiety: Development and validation of a self-statement questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 6, 37–55.CrossRef
go back to reference Heimberg, R. G. (1994). Cognitive assessment strategies and the measurement of outcome of treatment for social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 269–280.PubMedCrossRef Heimberg, R. G. (1994). Cognitive assessment strategies and the measurement of outcome of treatment for social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 269–280.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hirsch, C. R., & Clark, D. M. (2004). Information-processing bias in social phobia. Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 799–825.PubMedCrossRef Hirsch, C. R., & Clark, D. M. (2004). Information-processing bias in social phobia. Clinical Psychology Review, 24, 799–825.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hirsch, C. R., Clark, D. M., & Mathews, A. (2006). Imagery and interpretations in social phobia: Support for the combined cognitive biases hypothesis. Behavior Therapy, 37, 223–236.PubMedCrossRef Hirsch, C. R., Clark, D. M., & Mathews, A. (2006). Imagery and interpretations in social phobia: Support for the combined cognitive biases hypothesis. Behavior Therapy, 37, 223–236.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Hofmann, S. G., & DiBartolo, P. M. (2000). An instrument to assess self-statements during public speaking: Scale development and preliminary psychometric properties. Behavior Therapy, 31, 499–515.PubMedCrossRef Hofmann, S. G., & DiBartolo, P. M. (2000). An instrument to assess self-statements during public speaking: Scale development and preliminary psychometric properties. Behavior Therapy, 31, 499–515.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1982). Recent developments in structural equation modelling. Journal of Marketing Research, 19, 404–416.CrossRef Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1982). Recent developments in structural equation modelling. Journal of Marketing Research, 19, 404–416.CrossRef
go back to reference Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (2009). LISREL (Version 8.80, Student Edition) [Computer software]. Lincolnwood: Scientific Software International, Inc. Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (2009). LISREL (Version 8.80, Student Edition) [Computer software]. Lincolnwood: Scientific Software International, Inc.
go back to reference Kovacs, M., & Beck, A. T. (1978). Maladaptive cognitive structures in depression. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 135, 525–533.PubMed Kovacs, M., & Beck, A. T. (1978). Maladaptive cognitive structures in depression. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 135, 525–533.PubMed
go back to reference Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychological Foundation. Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995). Manual for the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scales (2nd ed.). Sydney: Psychological Foundation.
go back to reference Mattick, R. P., & Clarke, J. C. (1998). Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 455–470.PubMedCrossRef Mattick, R. P., & Clarke, J. C. (1998). Development and validation of measures of social phobia scrutiny fear and social interaction anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 36, 455–470.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Rachman, S., Grüter-Andrew, J., & Shafran, R. (2000). Post-event processing in social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, 611–617.PubMedCrossRef Rachman, S., Grüter-Andrew, J., & Shafran, R. (2000). Post-event processing in social anxiety. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 38, 611–617.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Rapee, R. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (1997). A cognitive-behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 741–756.PubMedCrossRef Rapee, R. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (1997). A cognitive-behavioral model of anxiety in social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 35, 741–756.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Rapee, R. M., & Lim, L. (1992). Discrepancy between self- and observer ratings of performance in social phobics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101, 728–731.PubMedCrossRef Rapee, R. M., & Lim, L. (1992). Discrepancy between self- and observer ratings of performance in social phobics. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101, 728–731.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Rodebaugh, T. L. (2009). Hiding the self and social anxiety: The core extrusion schema measure. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33, 90–109.CrossRef Rodebaugh, T. L. (2009). Hiding the self and social anxiety: The core extrusion schema measure. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 33, 90–109.CrossRef
go back to reference Rodebaugh, T. L., Woods, C. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2007). The reverse of social anxiety is not always the opposite: The reverse-scored items of the social interaction anxiety scale do not belong. Behavior Therapy, 38, 192–206.PubMedCrossRef Rodebaugh, T. L., Woods, C. M., & Heimberg, R. G. (2007). The reverse of social anxiety is not always the opposite: The reverse-scored items of the social interaction anxiety scale do not belong. Behavior Therapy, 38, 192–206.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (1994). Corrections to test statistics and standard errors in covariance structure analysis. In A. Von Eye & C. C. Clogg (Eds.), Latent variables analysis: Applications for developmental research (pp. 399–419). Thousand Oaks: Sage. Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (1994). Corrections to test statistics and standard errors in covariance structure analysis. In A. Von Eye & C. C. Clogg (Eds.), Latent variables analysis: Applications for developmental research (pp. 399–419). Thousand Oaks: Sage.
go back to reference Stangier, U., Heidenreich, T., Peitz, M., Lauterbach, W., & Clark, D. M. (2003). Cognitive therapy for social phobia: Individual versus group treatment. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 991–1007.PubMedCrossRef Stangier, U., Heidenreich, T., Peitz, M., Lauterbach, W., & Clark, D. M. (2003). Cognitive therapy for social phobia: Individual versus group treatment. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41, 991–1007.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Stopa, L., & Clark, D. M. (2001). Social phobia: Comments on the viability and validity of an analogue research strategy and British norms for the fear of negative evaluation questionnaire. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 29, 423–430.CrossRef Stopa, L., & Clark, D. M. (2001). Social phobia: Comments on the viability and validity of an analogue research strategy and British norms for the fear of negative evaluation questionnaire. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 29, 423–430.CrossRef
go back to reference Tinsley, H. E. A., & Tinsley, D. J. (1987). Use of factor analysis in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34, 414–424.CrossRef Tinsley, H. E. A., & Tinsley, D. J. (1987). Use of factor analysis in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34, 414–424.CrossRef
go back to reference Turner, S. M., Johnson, M. R., Beidel, D. C., Heiser, N. A., & Lydiard, R. B. (2003). The Social Thoughts and Beliefs Scale: A new inventory for assessing cognitions in social phobia. Psychological Assessment, 15, 384–391.PubMedCrossRef Turner, S. M., Johnson, M. R., Beidel, D. C., Heiser, N. A., & Lydiard, R. B. (2003). The Social Thoughts and Beliefs Scale: A new inventory for assessing cognitions in social phobia. Psychological Assessment, 15, 384–391.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Watson, D., & Friend, R. (1969). Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 448–457.PubMedCrossRef Watson, D., & Friend, R. (1969). Measurement of social-evaluative anxiety. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 448–457.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Weeks, J. W., Heimberg, R. G., Fresco, D. M., Hart, T. A., Turk, C. L., Schneier, F. R., et al. (2005). Empirical validation and psychometric evaluation of the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale in patients with social anxiety disorder. Psychological Assessment, 17, 179–190.PubMedCrossRef Weeks, J. W., Heimberg, R. G., Fresco, D. M., Hart, T. A., Turk, C. L., Schneier, F. R., et al. (2005). Empirical validation and psychometric evaluation of the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation Scale in patients with social anxiety disorder. Psychological Assessment, 17, 179–190.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Wegener, D. T., & Fabrigar, L. R. (2000). Analysis and design for nonexperimental data: Addressing causal and noncausal hypotheses. In H. T. Reis & C. M. Judd (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology (pp. 412–450). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Wegener, D. T., & Fabrigar, L. R. (2000). Analysis and design for nonexperimental data: Addressing causal and noncausal hypotheses. In H. T. Reis & C. M. Judd (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology (pp. 412–450). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
go back to reference Wong, Q. J. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2009). Impact of rumination versus distraction on anxiety and maladaptive self-beliefs in socially anxious individuals. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47, 861–867.PubMedCrossRef Wong, Q. J. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2009). Impact of rumination versus distraction on anxiety and maladaptive self-beliefs in socially anxious individuals. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47, 861–867.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Wong, Q. J. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2010a). The impact of anticipatory processing versus distraction on multiple indices of anxiety: Self-reports of anxiety level, skin conductance, maladaptive self-beliefs and in-situation performance. Manuscript submitted for publication. Wong, Q. J. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2010a). The impact of anticipatory processing versus distraction on multiple indices of anxiety: Self-reports of anxiety level, skin conductance, maladaptive self-beliefs and in-situation performance. Manuscript submitted for publication.
go back to reference Wong, Q. J. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2010b). Does rumination predict the strength of maladaptive self-beliefs characteristic of social anxiety over time? Cognitive Therapy and Research. doi:10.1007/s10608-010-9316-0. Wong, Q. J. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2010b). Does rumination predict the strength of maladaptive self-beliefs characteristic of social anxiety over time? Cognitive Therapy and Research. doi:10.​1007/​s10608-010-9316-0.
go back to reference Wong, Q. J. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2011). The relationship between the maladaptive self-beliefs characteristic of social anxiety and avoidance. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42, 171–178.PubMedCrossRef Wong, Q. J. J., & Moulds, M. L. (2011). The relationship between the maladaptive self-beliefs characteristic of social anxiety and avoidance. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 42, 171–178.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Zeller, R. A., & Carmines, E. G. (1980). Measurement in the social sciences: The link between theory and data. New York: Cambridge University Press. Zeller, R. A., & Carmines, E. G. (1980). Measurement in the social sciences: The link between theory and data. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Metagegevens
Titel
Erratum to: A New Measure of the Maladaptive Self-Beliefs in Social Anxiety: Psychometric Properties in a Non-Clinical Sample
Auteurs
Quincy J. J. Wong
Michelle L. Moulds
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2011
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 2/2011
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-011-9232-y

Andere artikelen Uitgave 2/2011

Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment 2/2011 Naar de uitgave