Skip to main content
Top

2011 | OriginalPaper | Hoofdstuk

29. Endocriene tumoren

Auteurs : Prof. dr. J. W. A. Smit, C. J. Lips, Th. P. Links, Dr. A. M. Pereira, Dr. E. P. M. van der Kleij-Corssmit, Dr. O. Dekkers, Prof. dr. J. Kievit, Dr. H. R. Haak, Prof. dr. J. A. Romijn, Prof. dr. P. T. A. M. Lips, Dr. W. de Herder, Dr. D. J. Kwekkeboom, C. H. J. van Eijck, Dr. R. A. Feelders

Gepubliceerd in: Oncologie

Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum

share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Samenvatting

De endocriene oncologie betreft een uitgebreid vakgebied waarbij behalve de endocrinologie en oncologie andere disciplines, zoals de klinische farmacologie, heelkunde, pathologie, genetica en moleculaire biologie nauw zijn betrokken. Tumoren van endocriene cellen worden symptomatisch gekenmerkt door overproductie van hormonen of door massa-effect van de tumor, bijvoorbeeld een niet-functionerende-hypofysetumor. Soms zijn er weinig klachten, zoals bij metastasering van schildkliercarcinoom. Veel tumoren produceren ectopisch hormonen, waardoor specifieke klinische beelden kunnen ontstaan.
Literatuur
go back to reference Pearse AGE. The diffuse neuroendocrine system and the ‘common peptides’. In: McIntyre I, Szelke M (eds). Proceedings of endocrinology 1977. Royal College of Physicians. London: Elsevier North Holland Biomedical Press, 1977:309–324. Pearse AGE. The diffuse neuroendocrine system and the ‘common peptides’. In: McIntyre I, Szelke M (eds). Proceedings of endocrinology 1977. Royal College of Physicians. London: Elsevier North Holland Biomedical Press, 1977:309–324.
go back to reference Pearson PL, Luijt RB van der. The genetic analysis of cancer. J Int Med 1998;243:413-7.CrossRef Pearson PL, Luijt RB van der. The genetic analysis of cancer. J Int Med 1998;243:413-7.CrossRef
go back to reference Ried T. Cytogenetics - in color and digitized. Perspective. N Engl J Med 2004; 350:1597–1600.CrossRef Ried T. Cytogenetics - in color and digitized. Perspective. N Engl J Med 2004; 350:1597–1600.CrossRef
go back to reference Vijver MJ van de, He YD, Veer LJ van ‘t, Dai H, Hart AA, Voskuil DW, et al. A gene-expression signature as a predictor of survival in breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1999–2009.CrossRefPubMed Vijver MJ van de, He YD, Veer LJ van ‘t, Dai H, Hart AA, Voskuil DW, et al. A gene-expression signature as a predictor of survival in breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2002;347:1999–2009.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW (eds). The genetic base of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc., 1998:475–88. Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW (eds). The genetic base of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill Inc., 1998:475–88.
go back to reference Yeatman TJ. The future of cancer management: translating the genome, transcriptome, and proteome. Ann Surg Oncol 2003;10:7–14.CrossRefPubMed Yeatman TJ. The future of cancer management: translating the genome, transcriptome, and proteome. Ann Surg Oncol 2003;10:7–14.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Alexander EK, Hurwitz S, Heering JP, Benson CB et al. Natural history of benign solid and cystic thyroid nodules. Ann Intern Med 2003;138:315–8.CrossRefPubMed Alexander EK, Hurwitz S, Heering JP, Benson CB et al. Natural history of benign solid and cystic thyroid nodules. Ann Intern Med 2003;138:315–8.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR, Kloos RT, Lee SL, Mandel SJ, Mazzaferri EL, Mclver B, Sherman SI, Tuttle RM. Management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2006;16:109–42.CrossRefPubMed Cooper DS, Doherty GM, Haugen BR, Kloos RT, Lee SL, Mandel SJ, Mazzaferri EL, Mclver B, Sherman SI, Tuttle RM. Management guidelines for patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Thyroid 2006;16:109–42.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kloos RT, Eng Ch, Evans DB, Francis GL, Gagel RF, Gharib H, Moley JF, Pacini F, Ringel MD, Schlumberger M, Wells Jr SA. Medullary thyroid cancer: Management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force. Thyroid 2009;19:565–612.CrossRefPubMed Kloos RT, Eng Ch, Evans DB, Francis GL, Gagel RF, Gharib H, Moley JF, Pacini F, Ringel MD, Schlumberger M, Wells Jr SA. Medullary thyroid cancer: Management guidelines of the American Thyroid Association The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force. Thyroid 2009;19:565–612.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Pacini F, Schlumberger M, Dralle H, Elisei R, Smit JW, Wiersinga W. European consensus for the management of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma of the follicular epithelium. Eur J Endocrinol 2006;154:787–803.CrossRefPubMed Pacini F, Schlumberger M, Dralle H, Elisei R, Smit JW, Wiersinga W. European consensus for the management of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma of the follicular epithelium. Eur J Endocrinol 2006;154:787–803.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Sherman SI, Wirth LJ, Droz JP, Hofmann M, Bastholt L, Martins RG, Licitra L, Eschenberg MJ, Sun YN, Juan T, Stepan DE, Schlumberger MJ. Motesanib diphosphate in progressive differentiated thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med 2008;359:31–42.CrossRefPubMed Sherman SI, Wirth LJ, Droz JP, Hofmann M, Bastholt L, Martins RG, Licitra L, Eschenberg MJ, Sun YN, Juan T, Stepan DE, Schlumberger MJ. Motesanib diphosphate in progressive differentiated thyroid cancer. N Engl J Med 2008;359:31–42.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Shibru D, Chung KW, Kebebew E. Recent developments in the clinical application of thyroid cancer biomarkers. Review Curr Opin Oncol. 2008 Jan;20(1):13-8.CrossRefPubMed Shibru D, Chung KW, Kebebew E. Recent developments in the clinical application of thyroid cancer biomarkers. Review Curr Opin Oncol. 2008 Jan;20(1):13-8.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Sobin LH, Wittekind C. TNM classification of malignant tumors. 6th ed. New York: Wiley-Liss, 2002:52–6. Sobin LH, Wittekind C. TNM classification of malignant tumors. 6th ed. New York: Wiley-Liss, 2002:52–6.
go back to reference Bilezikian JP, Khan AA, Potts JT. Guidelines for the management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: Summary statement from the third international workshop. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009;94:335–9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Bilezikian JP, Khan AA, Potts JT. Guidelines for the management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism: Summary statement from the third international workshop. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009;94:335–9.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Björklund P, Lindberg D, Akerström G, Westin G. Stabilizing mutation of CTNNB1/beta-catenin and protein accumulation analyzed in a large series of parathyroid tumors of Swedish patients. Mol Cancer 2008;7:53.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Björklund P, Lindberg D, Akerström G, Westin G. Stabilizing mutation of CTNNB1/beta-catenin and protein accumulation analyzed in a large series of parathyroid tumors of Swedish patients. Mol Cancer 2008;7:53.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
go back to reference Jacobs TP, Bilezikian JP. Clinical review: Rare causes of hypercalcemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:6316–22.CrossRefPubMed Jacobs TP, Bilezikian JP. Clinical review: Rare causes of hypercalcemia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005;90:6316–22.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Khan A, Grey A, Shoback D. Medical management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyreoidism: Proceedings of the third international workshop. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009;94:373–81.CrossRefPubMed Khan A, Grey A, Shoback D. Medical management of asymptomatic primary hyperparathyreoidism: Proceedings of the third international workshop. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2009;94:373–81.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Funder JW, Carey RM, Fardella C, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Mantero F, Stowasser M, Young Jr WF, Montori VM. Case detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:3266–81.CrossRefPubMed Funder JW, Carey RM, Fardella C, Gomez-Sanchez CE, Mantero F, Stowasser M, Young Jr WF, Montori VM. Case detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an endocrine society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93:3266–81.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Allolio B, Fassnacht M. Clinical review: Adrenocortical carcinoma clinical update. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:2027–37.CrossRefPubMed Allolio B, Fassnacht M. Clinical review: Adrenocortical carcinoma clinical update. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:2027–37.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Ditzhuijsen CIM van, Weijer R van de, Haak HR. Adrenocortical carcinoma. Neth J Med 2007;65:55–9.PubMed Ditzhuijsen CIM van, Weijer R van de, Haak HR. Adrenocortical carcinoma. Neth J Med 2007;65:55–9.PubMed
go back to reference Benn DE, Gimenez-Roqueplo A, Reilly JR, Bertherat J, Burgess J, Byth K, Croxson M, Dahia PLM, Elston M, Gimm O, Henley D, Herman P, Murday V, Niccoli-Sire P, Pasieka JL, Rohmer V, Tucker K, Jeunemaitre X, Marsh DJ, Plouin P, Robinson BG. Clinical presentation and penetrance of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndromes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91(3):827–36.CrossRefPubMed Benn DE, Gimenez-Roqueplo A, Reilly JR, Bertherat J, Burgess J, Byth K, Croxson M, Dahia PLM, Elston M, Gimm O, Henley D, Herman P, Murday V, Niccoli-Sire P, Pasieka JL, Rohmer V, Tucker K, Jeunemaitre X, Marsh DJ, Plouin P, Robinson BG. Clinical presentation and penetrance of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndromes. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91(3):827–36.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Havekes B, Lai EW, Corssmit EPM, Romijn JA, Timmers HJLM, Pacak K. Detection and treatment of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas: current standing of MIBG scintigraphy and future role of PET scanning. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2008;52(4):419-29.PubMed Havekes B, Lai EW, Corssmit EPM, Romijn JA, Timmers HJLM, Pacak K. Detection and treatment of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas: current standing of MIBG scintigraphy and future role of PET scanning. Q J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2008;52(4):419-29.PubMed
go back to reference Ilias I, Pacak K. Current approaches and recommended algorithm for the diagnostic localization of pheochromocytoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:479–91.CrossRefPubMed Ilias I, Pacak K. Current approaches and recommended algorithm for the diagnostic localization of pheochromocytoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89:479–91.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Lonser RR, Glenn GM, Walther M, Chew EY, Libutti SK, Linehan WM, Oldfield EH. Von Hippel-Lindau disease. Lancet 2003;361:2059–67.CrossRefPubMed Lonser RR, Glenn GM, Walther M, Chew EY, Libutti SK, Linehan WM, Oldfield EH. Von Hippel-Lindau disease. Lancet 2003;361:2059–67.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Neumann HP, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Bender BU, Gimm O, Franke G, Schipper J, Klisch J, Altehoefer C, Zerres K, Januszewicz A, Eng C, Smith WM, Munk R, Manz T, Glaesker S, Apel TW, Treier M, Reineke M, Walz MK, Hoang-Vu C, Brauckhoff M, Klein-Franke A, Klose P, Schmidt H, Maier-Woelfle M, Peçzkowska M, Szmigielski C, Eng C. Germ-line mutations in nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma. N Engl J Med 2002;346:1459–66.CrossRefPubMed Neumann HP, Bausch B, McWhinney SR, Bender BU, Gimm O, Franke G, Schipper J, Klisch J, Altehoefer C, Zerres K, Januszewicz A, Eng C, Smith WM, Munk R, Manz T, Glaesker S, Apel TW, Treier M, Reineke M, Walz MK, Hoang-Vu C, Brauckhoff M, Klein-Franke A, Klose P, Schmidt H, Maier-Woelfle M, Peçzkowska M, Szmigielski C, Eng C. Germ-line mutations in nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma. N Engl J Med 2002;346:1459–66.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Pacak K. Preoperative management of the pheochromocytoma patient. Review. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:4069–79.CrossRefPubMed Pacak K. Preoperative management of the pheochromocytoma patient. Review. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92:4069–79.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Grumbach MM, Biller BM, Braunstein GD, Campbell KK, Carney JA, Godley PA et al. Management of the clinically inapparent adrenal mass (‘incidentaloma’). Ann Intern Med 2003;138(5):424-9.CrossRefPubMed Grumbach MM, Biller BM, Braunstein GD, Campbell KK, Carney JA, Godley PA et al. Management of the clinically inapparent adrenal mass (‘incidentaloma’). Ann Intern Med 2003;138(5):424-9.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Ilias I, Sahdev A, Reznek RH, Grossman AB, Pacak K. The optimal imaging of adrenal tumours: a comparison of different methods. Endocr Relat Cancer 2007;14(3):587–99.CrossRefPubMed Ilias I, Sahdev A, Reznek RH, Grossman AB, Pacak K. The optimal imaging of adrenal tumours: a comparison of different methods. Endocr Relat Cancer 2007;14(3):587–99.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kievit J, Haak HR. Diagnosis and treatment of adrenal incidentaloma. A cost-effectiveness analysis. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2000;29(1):69-ix.CrossRefPubMed Kievit J, Haak HR. Diagnosis and treatment of adrenal incidentaloma. A cost-effectiveness analysis. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am 2000;29(1):69-ix.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Mansmann G, Lau J, Balk E, Rothberg M, Miyachi Y, Bornstein SR. The clinically inapparent adrenal mass: update in diagnosis and management. Endocr Rev 2004;25(2):309-40.CrossRefPubMed Mansmann G, Lau J, Balk E, Rothberg M, Miyachi Y, Bornstein SR. The clinically inapparent adrenal mass: update in diagnosis and management. Endocr Rev 2004;25(2):309-40.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Mantero F, Terzolo M, Arnaldi G, Osella G, Masini AM, Ali A et al. A survey on adrenal incidentaloma in Italy. Study Group on Adrenal Tumors of the Italian Society of Endocrinology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85(2):637–44. Mantero F, Terzolo M, Arnaldi G, Osella G, Masini AM, Ali A et al. A survey on adrenal incidentaloma in Italy. Study Group on Adrenal Tumors of the Italian Society of Endocrinology. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85(2):637–44.
go back to reference Song JH, Chaudhry FS, Mayo-Smith WW. The incidental indeterminate adrenal mass on CT (> 10 H) in patients without cancer: is further imaging necessary? Follow-up of 321 consecutive indeterminate adrenal masses. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007;189(5):1119-23.CrossRefPubMed Song JH, Chaudhry FS, Mayo-Smith WW. The incidental indeterminate adrenal mass on CT (> 10 H) in patients without cancer: is further imaging necessary? Follow-up of 321 consecutive indeterminate adrenal masses. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2007;189(5):1119-23.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Newell-Price J, Bertagna X, Grossman AB, Nieman LK et al. Cushing’s syndrome. Lancet 2006;13;367(9522):1605. Newell-Price J, Bertagna X, Grossman AB, Nieman LK et al. Cushing’s syndrome. Lancet 2006;13;367(9522):1605.
go back to reference Pereira AM, Aken MO van, Dulken H van, Schutte PJ, Biermasz NR, Smit JWA, Roelfsema F, Romijn JA. Long-term predictive value of postsurgical cortisol concentrations for cure and risk of recurrence in Cushing’s disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;(88):5858–64.CrossRefPubMed Pereira AM, Aken MO van, Dulken H van, Schutte PJ, Biermasz NR, Smit JWA, Roelfsema F, Romijn JA. Long-term predictive value of postsurgical cortisol concentrations for cure and risk of recurrence in Cushing’s disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003;(88):5858–64.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Biermasz NR, Dekker FW, Pereira AM, Thiel SW van, Schutte PJ, Dulken H van, Romijn JA, Roelfsema F. Determinants of survival in treated acromegaly in a single center: predictive value of serial IGF-1 measurements. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89(6):2789–96.CrossRefPubMed Biermasz NR, Dekker FW, Pereira AM, Thiel SW van, Schutte PJ, Dulken H van, Romijn JA, Roelfsema F. Determinants of survival in treated acromegaly in a single center: predictive value of serial IGF-1 measurements. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2004;89(6):2789–96.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Biermasz NR, Dulken H van, Roelfsema F. Long-term follow-up results of postoperative radiotherapy in 36 patients with acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:2476–82.CrossRefPubMed Biermasz NR, Dulken H van, Roelfsema F. Long-term follow-up results of postoperative radiotherapy in 36 patients with acromegaly. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000;85:2476–82.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Dekkers OM, Biermasz NR, Pereira AM, Roelfsema F, Aken MO van, Voormolen JH, Romijn JA. Mortality in patients treated for Cushing’s disease is increased compared with patients treated for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92(3):976-8I.CrossRefPubMed Dekkers OM, Biermasz NR, Pereira AM, Roelfsema F, Aken MO van, Voormolen JH, Romijn JA. Mortality in patients treated for Cushing’s disease is increased compared with patients treated for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2007;92(3):976-8I.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Dekkers OM, Pereira AM, Roelfsema F, et al. Observation alone after transsphenoidal surgery for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91(5):1796-801.CrossRefPubMed Dekkers OM, Pereira AM, Roelfsema F, et al. Observation alone after transsphenoidal surgery for nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91(5):1796-801.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kars M, Delgado V, Holman ER, Feelders RA, Smit JW, Romijn JA, Bax JJ, Pereira AM. Aortic valve calcification and mild tricuspid regurgitation, but no clinical heart disease after 8 years of dopamine agonist therapy for prolactinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93(9):3348–56.CrossRefPubMed Kars M, Delgado V, Holman ER, Feelders RA, Smit JW, Romijn JA, Bax JJ, Pereira AM. Aortic valve calcification and mild tricuspid regurgitation, but no clinical heart disease after 8 years of dopamine agonist therapy for prolactinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2008;93(9):3348–56.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Pereira AM, Schmid EM, Schutte PJ, Voormolen JH, Biermasz NR, Thiel SW van, Corssmit EP, Smit JW, Roelfsema F, Romijn JA. High prevalence of long-term cardiovascular, neurological and psychosocial morbidity after treatment for craniopharyngioma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005;62(2):197–204.CrossRef Pereira AM, Schmid EM, Schutte PJ, Voormolen JH, Biermasz NR, Thiel SW van, Corssmit EP, Smit JW, Roelfsema F, Romijn JA. High prevalence of long-term cardiovascular, neurological and psychosocial morbidity after treatment for craniopharyngioma. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2005;62(2):197–204.CrossRef
go back to reference Ahlman H, Nilsson O, McNicol AM, Ruszniewski P, Niederle B, Ricke J, Jensen R, Kos-Kudla B, Oberg K, O’Connor JM, Pavel ME, Vullierme MP. Poorly-differentiated endocrine carcinomas of midgut and hindgut origin. Neuroendocrinology 2008;87:40–6.CrossRefPubMed Ahlman H, Nilsson O, McNicol AM, Ruszniewski P, Niederle B, Ricke J, Jensen R, Kos-Kudla B, Oberg K, O’Connor JM, Pavel ME, Vullierme MP. Poorly-differentiated endocrine carcinomas of midgut and hindgut origin. Neuroendocrinology 2008;87:40–6.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Herder WW de, Krenning EP, Eijck CH van, Lamberts SW. Considerations concerning a tailored, individualized therapeutic management of patients with (neuro)endocrine tumours of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Endocr Relat Cancer 2004;11:19–34.CrossRefPubMed Herder WW de, Krenning EP, Eijck CH van, Lamberts SW. Considerations concerning a tailored, individualized therapeutic management of patients with (neuro)endocrine tumours of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas. Endocr Relat Cancer 2004;11:19–34.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kaltsas GA, Besser GM, Grossman AB. The diagnosis and medical management of advanced neuroendocrine tumors. Endocr Rev 2004;25:458–511.CrossRefPubMed Kaltsas GA, Besser GM, Grossman AB. The diagnosis and medical management of advanced neuroendocrine tumors. Endocr Rev 2004;25:458–511.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Kwekkeboom DJ, Herder WW de, Kam BL, Eijck CH van, Essen M van, Kooij PP, Feelders RA, Aken MO van, Krenning EP. Treatment with the radiolabeled somatostatin analog [177 Lu-DOTA 0,Tyr3] octreotate: toxicity, efficacy, and survival. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:2124–30.CrossRefPubMed Kwekkeboom DJ, Herder WW de, Kam BL, Eijck CH van, Essen M van, Kooij PP, Feelders RA, Aken MO van, Krenning EP. Treatment with the radiolabeled somatostatin analog [177 Lu-DOTA 0,Tyr3] octreotate: toxicity, efficacy, and survival. J Clin Oncol 2008;26:2124–30.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Modlin IM, Oberg K, Chung DC, Jensen RT, Herder WW de, Thakker RV, Caplin M, Delle FG, Kaltsas GA, Krenning EP, Moss SF, Nilsson O, Rindi G, Salazar R, Ruszniewski P, Sundin A. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Lancet Oncol 2008;9:61–72.CrossRefPubMed Modlin IM, Oberg K, Chung DC, Jensen RT, Herder WW de, Thakker RV, Caplin M, Delle FG, Kaltsas GA, Krenning EP, Moss SF, Nilsson O, Rindi G, Salazar R, Ruszniewski P, Sundin A. Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours. Lancet Oncol 2008;9:61–72.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Ramage JK, Goretzki PE, Manfredi R, Komminoth P, Ferone D, Hyrdel R, Kaltsas G, Kelestimur F, Kvols L, Scoazec JY, Garcia MI, Caplin ME. Consensus guidelines for the management of patients with digestive neuroendocrine tumours: well-differentiated colon and rectum tumour/carcinoma. Neuroendocrinology 2008;87:31–9.CrossRefPubMed Ramage JK, Goretzki PE, Manfredi R, Komminoth P, Ferone D, Hyrdel R, Kaltsas G, Kelestimur F, Kvols L, Scoazec JY, Garcia MI, Caplin ME. Consensus guidelines for the management of patients with digestive neuroendocrine tumours: well-differentiated colon and rectum tumour/carcinoma. Neuroendocrinology 2008;87:31–9.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Rindi G, Kloppel G, Couvelard A, Komminoth P, Korner M, Lopes JM, Mc-Nicol AM, Nilsson O, Perren A, Scarpa A, Scoazec JY, Wiedenmann B. TNM staging of midgut and hindgut (neuro)endocrine tumors: a consensus proposal including a grading system. Virchows Arch 2007;451:757-62.CrossRefPubMed Rindi G, Kloppel G, Couvelard A, Komminoth P, Korner M, Lopes JM, Mc-Nicol AM, Nilsson O, Perren A, Scarpa A, Scoazec JY, Wiedenmann B. TNM staging of midgut and hindgut (neuro)endocrine tumors: a consensus proposal including a grading system. Virchows Arch 2007;451:757-62.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Brandi ML, Gagel RF, Angeli A, Bilezikian JP, Beck-Peccoz P, Bordi C, Conte Devolx B, Falchetti A, Gheri RG, Libroia A, Lips CJ, Lombardi G, Mannelli M, Pacini F, Ponder BA, Raue F, Skogseid B, Tamburrano G, Thakker RV, Thompson NW, Tomassetti P, Tonelli F, Wells Jr SA, Marx SJ. CONSENSUS: Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of MEN type 1 and type 2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:5658–71.CrossRefPubMed Brandi ML, Gagel RF, Angeli A, Bilezikian JP, Beck-Peccoz P, Bordi C, Conte Devolx B, Falchetti A, Gheri RG, Libroia A, Lips CJ, Lombardi G, Mannelli M, Pacini F, Ponder BA, Raue F, Skogseid B, Tamburrano G, Thakker RV, Thompson NW, Tomassetti P, Tonelli F, Wells Jr SA, Marx SJ. CONSENSUS: Guidelines for diagnosis and therapy of MEN type 1 and type 2. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2001;86:5658–71.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Los M, Links TP, Lenders JW, Voest EE. De ziekte van Von Hippel-Lindau. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2000;144:497–501.PubMed Los M, Links TP, Lenders JW, Voest EE. De ziekte van Von Hippel-Lindau. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2000;144:497–501.PubMed
go back to reference Hofstra RM, Luijt RB van der, Lips CJ. Van gen naar ziekte; van het RETgen naar multipele endocriene neoplasie type 2A en 2B, sporadisch en familiair medullair schildkliercarcinoom, ziekte van Hirschsprung en papillair schildkliercarcinoom. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2001;145:2217–21.PubMed Hofstra RM, Luijt RB van der, Lips CJ. Van gen naar ziekte; van het RETgen naar multipele endocriene neoplasie type 2A en 2B, sporadisch en familiair medullair schildkliercarcinoom, ziekte van Hirschsprung en papillair schildkliercarcinoom. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2001;145:2217–21.PubMed
Metagegevens
Titel
Endocriene tumoren
Auteurs
Prof. dr. J. W. A. Smit
C. J. Lips
Th. P. Links
Dr. A. M. Pereira
Dr. E. P. M. van der Kleij-Corssmit
Dr. O. Dekkers
Prof. dr. J. Kievit
Dr. H. R. Haak
Prof. dr. J. A. Romijn
Prof. dr. P. T. A. M. Lips
Dr. W. de Herder
Dr. D. J. Kwekkeboom
C. H. J. van Eijck
Dr. R. A. Feelders
Copyright
2011
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-8476-1_29