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Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 7/2017

12-12-2016

Emotional Understanding, Reactivity, and Regulation in Young Children with ADHD Symptoms

Auteurs: Claudia Lugo-Candelas, Chaia Flegenheimer, Jennifer M. McDermott, Elizabeth Harvey

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 7/2017

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Abstract

The goal of the present study was to examine whether young children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms experience difficulties with emotional understanding, reactivity, and regulation. Participants were 64 children, 4 to 7 years of age (43 boys, 20 girls), 29 with ADHD symptoms and 34 typically developing children. Children completed an emotion matching task and parents reported on child lability and emotional regulation. Children also completed a frustrating computer task. Facial expressions of emotions were coded and children self reported affect during the task. Parent reports indicated heightened lability and impaired emotional regulation abilities in children with ADHD symptoms. Compared to typically developing children, children with ADHD symptoms demonstrated emotional understanding impairments in matching similar expressions and matching expressions to situations, but not in producing expression labels or matching expression labels to images. Self-reports of negative affect during the frustration task indicated that children with ADHD symptoms experienced more difficulty with emotional regulation than typically developing children. Behavioral observations during the frustration task indicated that the two groups demonstrated a similar increase in expressed negative affect during frustration; however, children with ADHD symptoms showed higher levels of negative affect across all four conditions of the task. This study suggests that the deficits documented in older children with ADHD are already evident during the preschool years, and distinct from the developmentally appropriate emotional dysregulation seen in typically developing preschoolers.
Voetnoten
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Parents reported that two children were prescribed Guanfacine, two were prescribed Adderall, and one was taking 5 HTP, an over-the-counter supplement. All group differences remained when these participants were excluded.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Emotional Understanding, Reactivity, and Regulation in Young Children with ADHD Symptoms
Auteurs
Claudia Lugo-Candelas
Chaia Flegenheimer
Jennifer M. McDermott
Elizabeth Harvey
Publicatiedatum
12-12-2016
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 7/2017
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-016-0244-7

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