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13-08-2022 | ORIGINAL PAPER

Effects of a Mindfulness-Based Weight Loss Intervention on Long-term Psychological Well-being Among Adults with Obesity: Secondary Analyses from the Supporting Health by Integrating Nutrition and Exercise (SHINE) Trial

Auteurs: Andrew R. Hooker, Sara J. Sagui-Henson, Jennifer Daubenmier, Patricia J. Moran, Wendy Hartogensis, Michael Acree, Jean Kristeller, Elissa S. Epel, Ashley E. Mason, Frederick M. Hecht

Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness | Uitgave 9/2022

Abstract

Objectives

This study tested whether a mindfulness-based intervention for obesity that included components aimed at emotion regulation and mindful eating improved psychological outcomes including stress, anxiety, positive emotion, and depression, during the intervention period and at longer-term follow-up.

Methods

Adults with obesity (N=194) were randomized to a 5.5-month diet-exercise weight loss intervention with or without mindfulness training focused on emotion regulation and mindful eating. Participants completed self-report measures of mindfulness and psychological well-being, which were planned secondary outcomes, at baseline, at mid-intervention (3 months), and at 6, 12, and 18 months post-baseline (maintenance period). Mixed effects models and linear regression were used to test between- and within-group changes in psychological well-being. This study also explored whether changes in mindfulness (from baseline to each 6 and 18 months post-baseline) mediated the effects of intervention arm on changes in psychological outcomes during those respective time periods. Finally, this study explored whether changes in mindfulness from baseline to 6 months mediated the effects of intervention arm on changes in psychological outcomes from baseline to 18 months.

Results

Participants randomized to the mindfulness arm had significant increases in positive emotions at all follow-up times compared to controls. There were statistically significant increases in mindfulness, psychological flexibility, and reflection, as well as decreases in anxiety and depressive symptoms at 12 months compared to control participants. These changes remained significant for psychological flexibility and reflection at 18 months. There were no significant differences in perceived stress. Among mindfulness participants, greater increases in mindfulness from 6 to 18 months were associated with greater positive emotions and psychological flexibility as well as lower perceived stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and rumination at 18 months, adjusting for 6-month values. Mediation analyses indicated that randomization to the mindfulness intervention arm was associated with 6-month increases in mindfulness, and these increases were in turn associated with improved psychological outcomes at 6 months and 18 months. Changes from baseline to 18 months did not mediate 18-month changes in psychological outcomes.

Conclusions

Mindfulness training in emotion regulation and mindful eating may provide greater longer-term psychological well-being benefits in non-clinical populations with obesity compared to conventional diet-exercise interventions.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00960414

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Titel: Effects of a Mindfulness-Based Weight Loss Intervention on Long-term Psychological Well-being Among Adults with Obesity: Secondary Analyses from the Supporting Health by Integrating Nutrition and Exercise (SHINE) Trial
Auteurs: Andrew R. Hooker
Sara J. Sagui-Henson
Jennifer Daubenmier
Patricia J. Moran
Wendy Hartogensis
Michael Acree
Jean Kristeller
Elissa S. Epel
Ashley E. Mason
Frederick M. Hecht
Publicatiedatum: 13-08-2022
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Mindfulness / Uitgave 9/2022
Print ISSN: 1868-8527
Elektronisch ISSN: 1868-8535
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-022-01951-2

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Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Trial Registration

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