References
2005). Telomere shortening occurs in Asian Indian Type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetic Medicine, 22, 1151–1156.
(2002). Cognitive impairment and mortality among nonagenarians: The Danish 1905 cohort survey. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders, 13, 156–163.
(2001). Demographic, health, cognitive, and sensory variables as predictors of mortality in very old adults. Psychology and Aging, 16, 3–11.
(2006). The relationship between cognition and mortality in patients with stroke, coronary heart disease, or cancer. European Psychologist, 11, 182–195.
(2005). Biological evidence for inheritance of exceptional longevity. Mechanisms of Aging and Development, 126, 341–345.
(2004). The role of dopamine functions in cognitive aging. In , Cognitive neuroscience of aging: Linking cognitive and cerebral aging (pp. 58–84). New York: Oxford University Press.
(2000). Age-related cognitive deficits mediated by changes in the striatal dopamine system. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 635–637.
(2005). Cognitive impairment in preclinical Alzheimer's disease: A meta-analysis. Neuropsychology, 19, 520–531.
(2003). Rate of cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease: The role of comorbidity. Journals of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 58, 228–236.
(in press ). The correlative triad of aging, dopamine, and cognition: Current status and future prospects. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews.2001). Aging and memory: Cognitive and biological perspectives. In , Handbook of the psychology of aging (5th ed., pp. 349–377). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
(2005). Telomere length versus hormonal and bone mineral status in healthy elderly men. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 126, 1115–1122.
(2004). When cells get stressed: An integrative view of cellular senescence. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 113, 8–13.
(2005). The heritability of telomere length among the elderly and oldest-old. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 8, 433–439.
(2005). Telomere length among the elderly and oldest-old. Twin Research and Human Genetics, 8, 425–432.
(2003). Polymorphic variants of insulin growth factor I (IGF-1) receptor and phosphoinositide 3-kinase genes affect IGF-1 plasma levels and human longevity: Cues for an evolutionarily conserved mechanism of lifespan control. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 88, 3299– 3304.
(1999). Survival effects in cognitive function, cognitive style, and sociodemographic variables in the Seattle Longitudinal Study. Experimental Aging Research, 25, 121–140.
(1977). Intellectual abilities. In , Handbook of the psychology of aging (pp. 580–605). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
(2003). White cell telomere length and risk of premature myocardial infarction. Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, 23, 842–846.
(2003). Association between telomere length in blood and mortality in people aged 60 years or older. Lancet, 361, 393–395.
(2004). Telomeres and telomerase. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London: Biological Sciences, 359, 109–121.
(2002). Cognitive change and the Apoe ϵ4 allele. Nature, 418, 932.
(2004). The impact of childhood intelligence on later life: Following up the Scottish Mental Surveys of 1932 and 1947. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 86, 130–147.
(2004). Searching for genetic influences on normal cognitive aging. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 8, 178–184.
(2006). Identification of a genetic cluster influencing memory performance and hippocampal activity in humans. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA, 103, 4270–4274.
(2003). The BDNF val66met polymorphism affects activity-dependent secretion of BDNF and human memory and hippocampal function. Cell, 112, 257–269.
(2004). Accelerated telomere shortening in response to life stress. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 101, 17312–17315.
(2005). The role of the striatal dopamine transporter in cognitive aging. Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging, 138, 1–12.
(2004). Modeling age and retest processes in longitudinal studies of cognitive abilities. Psychology and Aging, 19, 243–259.
(2005). Genes involved in immune response-inflammation IGF I-insulin pathway and response to oxidative stress play a major role in the genetics of human longevity: The lesson of centenarians. Mechanisms of Aging and Development, 126, 351–361.
(1998). The rate of telomere sequence loss in human leukocytes varies with age. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 95, 5607–5610.
(2006). Longitudinal cognition-survival relations in old and very old age: 13-year data from the Berlin Aging Study. European Psychologist, 11, 204–223.
(2001). A voxel-based morphometric study of aging in 465 normal adult human brains. Neuroimage, 14, 21–36.
(2003). Neuroanatomical correlates of selected executive functions in middle-aged and older adults: A prospective fMRI study. Neuropsychologia, 41, 1929–1941.
(2005). Short telomeres, even in the presence of telomerase, limit tissue renewal capacity. Cell, 123, 1121–1131.
(2003). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor val66met polymorphism affects human memory-related hippocampal activity and predicts memory performance. Journal of Neuroscience, 23, 6690– 6694.
(2002). Terminal decline and markers of cerebro- and cardiovascular disease: Findings from a longitudinal study of the oldest old. Journals of Gerontology B: Psychological Sciences, 57, 268–276.
(2002). Mortality-related differences and changes in episodic memory performance among the oldest old: Evidence from a population-based sample of nonagenarians. Aging, Neuropsychology, and Cognition, 9, 11–20.
(1998). Multilevel modeling: When and why. In , Classification, data analysis, and data highways (pp. 147–154). New York: Springer.
(1998). Telomeric length and telomerase activity vary with age in peripheral blood cells obtained from normal individuals. Human Genetics, 102, 397–402.
(2000). Prognosis with dementia in Europe: A collaborative study of population-based cohorts. Neurologic diseases in the elderly research group. Neurology, 54, S16–S20.
(2004). Change in memory and cognitive functioning in the oldest old: The effects of proximity to death in genetically related individuals over a 6-year period. Psychology and Aging, 19, 145–156.
(1997). Early cognitive markers of the incidence of dementia and mortality: A longitudinal population-based study of the oldest old. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 12, 53–59.
(2006). Differential trajectories of cognitive impairment for impending death and preclinical dementia in the very old. Neurology, 66, 833–838.
(2004). A cladistic model of ACE sequence variation with implications for myocardial infarction, Alzheimer disease, and obesity. Human Molecular Genetics, 13, 2647–2457.
(1962). Intellectual changes in the senium. Proceedings of the American Statistical Association, 1, 290–295.
(1998). Introducing multilevel modeling. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
(2005). Social participation attenuates decline in perceptual speed in old and very old age. Psychology and Aging, 20, 423–434.
(2006). Terminal decline varies by cause of death: A 12-year perspective from the Victoria Longitudinal Study. Unpublished manuscript, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
(2006). Sex-specific telomere length profiles and age-dependent erosion dynamics of individual chromosome arms in humans. Cytogenetic and Genome Research, 112, 194–201.
(2001). Latent difference score structural models for linear dynamic analysis within complete longitudinal data. In , New methods for the analysis of change (pp. 137–176). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
(1998). A contemporary method for developmental-genetic analyses of age changes in intellectual abilities. Developmental Neuropsychology, 14, 69–114.
(1997). Expanding test-retest designs to include developmental time-lag components. Psychological Methods, 2, 403–435.
(1996). Glucocorticoids may enhance oxygen radical-mediated neurotoxicity. Neurotoxicology, 17, 873–882.
(2001). Striatal dopamine transporters and cognitive functioning in healthy men and women. American Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 1492– 1499.
(2004). Telomere length and possible link to X chromosome. Lancet, 363, 507–510.
(2005). Telomere length and heredity: Indications of paternal inheritance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA, 102, 16374–16378.
(1976). Age, terminal decline, and terminal drop. Journal of Gerontology, 31, 76–81.
(2002). Models of visuspatial and verbal memory across the adult life span. Psychology and Aging, 17, 299–320.
(2004). The brain-derived neurotrophic factor val66met polymorphism and variation in human cortical morphology. Journal of Neuroscience, 24, 10099–10102.
(2006). Methodological and theoretical implications of practice and dropout effects for understanding terminal decline in cognition and risk of death. European Psychologist, 11, 164–171.
(2002). Effects of death within 11 years on cognitive performance in old age. Psychology and Aging, 17, 1–14.
(2002). Hierarchical linear models: Applications and data analysis methods (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
(1999). Age-related deficits in generation and manipulation of mental images: II. The role of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Psychology and Aging, 14, 436–444.
(1997). Selective aging of the human cerebral cortex observedin vivo: Differential vulnerability of the prefrontal grey matter. Cerebral Cortex, 7, 268–282.
(1998). Neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive aging: Evidence from structural magnetic resonance imaging. Neuropsychology, 12, 95–114.
(2004). Aging, sexual dimorphism, and hemispheric asymmetry of the cerebral cortex: Replicability of regional differences in volume. Neurobiology of Aging, 25, 377–396.
(2005). Regional brain changes in aging healthy adults: General trends, individual differences, and modifiers. Cerebral Cortex, 15, 1676–1689.
(1972). Development, drop, and death. Developmental Psychology, 6, 306–319.
(2005). Stability, growth, and decline in adult life span development of declarative memory: Cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a population-based study. Psychology and Aging, 20, 3–18.
(1998). Interdependence of age-related influences on cognitive abilities across the life span. Developmental Psychology, 34, 851–864.
(1996). Intellectual development in adulthood. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
(1973). Selective attrition effects in a 14-year study of adult intelligence. Journal of Gerontology, 28, 328–334.
(2004). Telomere and cardiovascular disease – Does size matter? Circulation Research, 94, 575–584.
(1975). The terminal drop hypothesis: Fact or artifact? Experimental Aging Research, 1, 169–185.
(2003). Applied longitudinal data analysis: Modeling change and event occurrence. New York: Oxford University Press.
(2003). Modeling memory decline in older adults: The importance of preclinical dementia, attrition, and chronological age. Psychology and Aging, 18, 658–671.
(2006). On the importance of distinguishing preterminal and terminal cognitive decline. European Psychologist, 11, 172–181.
(1999). Time to death and cognitive performance. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 8, 168–172.
(2003). Terminal decline and cognitive performance in very old age: Does cause of death matter? Psychology and Aging, 18, 193–202.
(2004). Apolipoprotein E and cognitive performance: A meta-analysis. Psychology and Aging, 19, 592–600.
(2002). Apolipoproteins and aging: Emerging mechanisms. Aging Research Reviews, 1, 345–365.
(1999). Cognitive functioning and health as determinants of mortality in an older population. American Journal of Epidemiology, 150, 978–986.
(2000). Mental ability age 11 years and health status age 77 years. Age and Ageing, 29, 523–538.
(2003). Exploring the neural basis of cognitive reserve. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 25, 691–701.
(2005). Candidate genes associated with aging and life expectancy in the Jerusalem longitudinal study. Mechanisms of Aging and Development, 126, 333–339.
(2002). Rates of progression in mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer disease. Neurology, 59, 1034–1041.
(1933). The effect of the interval between test and retest on the constancy of the IQ. Journal of Educational Psychology, 24, 543–549.
(in press ). Effects of repeated test exposure in a population-based age-homogeneous sample from age 70 to 99. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences.2006). Aging and late life terminal decline in perceptual speed: A comparison of alternative modeling approaches. European Psychologist, 11, 196–203.
(1998). Association between decline in brain dopamine activity with age and cognitive and motor impairment in healthy individuals. American Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 344–349.
(2002). Oxidative stress shortens telomeres. Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 27, 339–344.
(1998). Age-dependent decline of dopamine D1 receptors in human brain: A PET study. Synapse, 30, 56–61.
(2001). Longitudinal cohort study of childhood IQ and survival up to age 76. British Medical Journal, 322, 819–822.
(1988). Is terminal drop pervasive or specific? Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 43, 141–144.
(2003). Terminal decline in cognitive function. Neurology, 60, 1782–1787.
(2003). Correlation between fine motor activity and striatal dopamine D2 receptor density in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 123, 191–197.
(2004). Alzheimer disease: The two-hit hypothesis. Lancet Neurology, 3, 219– 226.
(