Skip to main content
Search
Search
    Quick Search anywhere
    Quick search in Citations
Advanced Search
Skip main navigationClose Drawer MenuOpen Drawer Menu
Previous article
Next article
Originalia

Selbstkontrollanforderunge nals spezifische Belastungsquelle bei der Arbeit

Published Online:September 28, 2009https://doi.org/10.1026/1617-6391.8.4.169

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. In Anlehnung an neuere theoretische Entwicklungen und empirische Befunde aus der sozial- und kognitionspsychologischen Grundlagenforschung ging die vorliegende Studie der Frage nach, ob Selbstkontrollanforderungen bei der Arbeit bedeutsame Einflüsse auf Indikatoren der Arbeitsbeanspruchung ausüben. Zur Beantwortung dieser Frage wurden drei Formen von Selbstkontrollanforderungen bei der Arbeit (Impulskontrolle, Ablenkungen widerstehen, Überwinden innerer Widerstände) in Kombination mit traditionellen Belastungsformen und Ressourcen in ihren Beanspruchungswirkungen untersucht. Die bei 518 Beschäftigten einer großen Landesverwaltung erhobenen Daten belegen, dass die berücksichtigten Selbstkontrollanforderungen signifikante zusätzliche Varianzanteile in verschiedenen Indikatoren der psychischen Beanspruchung aufklären. Von den Selbstkontrollanforderungen gehen zudem einige eigenständige Einflüsse auf die Beanspruchung aus. Muskuloskelettale Beschwerden spiegeln als Indikator physischer Beanspruchung dagegen keine vergleichbar starken Einflüsse der Selbstkontrollanforderungen wider.


Self-control demands as a specific source of stress at work

Abstract. Following recent theoretical developments and empirical results of basic research in the area of social and cognitive psychology, the present study examined whether self-control demands at work exert significant influences on indicators of job strain. Consequently, three forms of self-control demands at work (impulse control, resisting distractions, overcoming inner resistances) were investigated in combination with well-established work stressors and resources with regard to their effects on strain. Data from 518 staff members of a large civil service organization reveal that the three forms of self-control demands jointly contribute significant portions of incremental variance to the prediction of various measures of psychological job strain. In addition, each form exerts some unique influences on strain. As an indicator of physical strain, a measure of musculoskeletal complaints does not reflect comparably strong influences of self-control demands.

Literatur

  • Baumeister, R. F. , Bratslavsky, E. , Muraven, M. & Tice, D. M. (1998). Ego depletion: Is the active self a limited resource? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1252−1265. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioral inhibition, sustained attention, and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 65−94. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Borman, W. C. & Motowidlo, S. J. (1997). Task performance and contextual performance: The meaning for personnel selection research. Human Performance, 10, 99−110. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Bongers, P. M. de Winter, C. R. , Kompier, M. A. J. & Hildebrandt, V. H. (1993). Psychosocial factors at work and musculoskeletal disease. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, 19, 297−312. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Bongers, P. M. , Kremer, A. M. & ter Laak, J. (2002). Are psychosocial factors, risk factors for symptoms and signs of the shoulder, elbow, or hand/wrist?: A review of the epidemiological literature. American Journal of Industrial Medicine, 41, 315−342. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Beck, A. T. , Steer, R. A. & Garbin, M. G. (1988). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years of evaluation. Clinical Psychology Review, 8, 77−100. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Büssing, A. & Perrar, K.-M. (1992). Die Messung von Burnout: Untersuchung einer deutschen Fassung des Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-D). Diagnostica, 38, 328−353. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Breaugh, J. A. & Colihan, J. P. (1994). Measuring facets of job ambiguity: Construct validity evidence. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79, 191–202. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Cascio, W. F. (1995). Whiter industrial and organizational psychology in a changing world of work? American Psychologist, 50, 928−939. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Colette, F. , van der Linden, M. , Laureys, S. , Delfivre, G. , Degueldre, C. , Luxen, A. & Salmon, E. (2005). Exploring the unity and diversity of the neural substrates of executive functioning. Human Brain Mapping, 25, 409−423. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Cordes, C. L. & Dougherty, T. W. (1993). A review and integration of research on job burnout. Academy of Management Review, 18, 621−656. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Frese, M. (1989). Gütekriterien der Operationalisierung von sozialer Unterstützung am Arbeitsplatz. Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, 43, 112−121. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Gaillot, M. T. , Baumeister, R. F. , DeWall, C. N. , Maner, J. K. , Plant, E. A. , Tice, D. M. , Brewer, L. E. & Schmeichel, B. J. (2007). Self-control relies on glucose as a limited energy source: Willpower is more than a metaphor. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 325−336. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Inzlicht, M. & Gutsell, J. N. (2007). Running on empty: Neural signals for self-control failure. Psychological Science, 18, 933−937. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Karasek, R. A. (1979). Job demands, job decision latitude and mental strain: Implications for job redesign. Administrative Science Quarterly, 24, 285−306. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Kuhl, J. (1998). Wille und Persönlichkeit: Funktionsanalyse der Selbststeuerung. Psychologische Rundschau, 49, 61−77. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Kuhl, J. (2001). Motivation und Persönlichkeit: Interaktionen psychischer Systeme. Göttingen: Hogrefe. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Laux, L. , Glanzmann, P. , Schaffner, P. & Spielberger, C. D. (1981). Das State-Trait Angstinventar: Theoretische Grundlagen und Handanweisung. Weinheim: Beltz. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Maslach, C. & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of Occupational Behavior, 2, 99−113. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Maslach, C. & Jackson, S. E. (1986). Maslach BurnoutInventory Manual (2nd ed.). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologist Press. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Monsell, S. & Driver, J. (2000). Attention and Performance XVIII: Cognitive control. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Muraven, M. & Baumeister, R. F. (2000). Self-regulation and depletion of limited resources: Does self-control resemble a muscle? Psychological Bulletin, 126, 247−259. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Muraven, M. , Baumeister, R. F. & Tice, D. M. (1999). Longitudinal improvement of self-regulation through practice: Building self-control strength through repeated exercise. Journal of Social Psychology, 139, 446−457. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Muraven, M. , Collins, R. L. , Shiffman, S. & Paty, J. A. (2005). Daily fluctuations in self-control demands and alcohol intake. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 19, 140−147. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Muraven, M. , Tice, D. M. & Baumeister, R. F. (1998). Self-control as limited resource: Regulatory depletion patterns. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 774−789. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Neubach, B. & Schmidt, K.-H. (2006a). Selbstkontrolle als Arbeitsanforderung: Rekonzeptualisierung und Validierung eines Messinstruments. Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 50, 103−109. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Neubach, B. & Schmidt, K.-H. (2006b). Beanspruchungswirkungen von Selbstkontrollanforderungen und Kontrollmöglichkeiten bei der Arbeit. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 214, 150−160. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Neubach, B. & Schmidt, K.-H. (2007). Entwicklung und Validierung von Skalen zur Erfassung verschiedener Selbstkontrollanforderungen bei der Arbeit. Zeitschrift für Arbeitswissenschaft, 61, 35−45. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Podsakoff, P. M. , MacKenzie, S. B. , Podsakoff, N. P. & Lee, J. Y. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 879−903. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Prümper, J. , Hartmannsgruber, K. & Frese, M. (1995). KFZ: Kurzfragebogen zur Arbeitsanalyse. Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie, 39, 125–132. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Richeson, J. A. & Trawalter, S. (2005). Why do interracial interactions impair executive function? A resource depletion account. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 934−947. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Richeson, J. A. , Trawalter, S. & Shelton, J. N. (2005). African Americans’ implicit racial attitudes and the depletion of executive function after interracial interactions. Social Cognition, 23, 336−352. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Schermelleh-Engel, K. , Moosbrugger, H. & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online , 8, 23−74. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Schmidt, K.-H. & Hollmann, S. (1998). Eine deutschsprachige Skala zur Messung verschiedener Ambiguitätsfacetten bei der Arbeit. Diagnostica, 44, 21−29. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Schmidt, K.-H. & Neubach, B. (2007). Self-control demands: A source of stress at work. International Journal of Stress Management, 14, 398−416. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Schmidt, K.-H. , Neubach, B. & Heuer, H. (2007). Self-control demands, cognitive control deficits, and burnout. Work & Stress, 21, 142−154. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Schmitt, M. & Maes, J. (2000). Vorschlag zur Vereinfachung des Beck-Depressions-Inventory (BDI). Diagnostica, 46, 38−46. First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Shiffrin, R. M. & Schneider, W. (1977). Controlled and automatic human information processing: II. Perceptual learning, automatic attending, and a general theory. Psychological Review, 84, 127−190. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Stucke, T. S. & Baumeister, R. F. (2006). Ego depletion and aggressive behavior: Is the inhibition of aggression a limited resource? European Journal of Social Psychology, 36, 1−13. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Vohs, K. D. , Baumeister, R. F. & Ciarocco, N. J. (2005). Self-regulation and self-presentation: Regulatory resource depletion impairs impression management and effortful self-presentation depletes regulatory resources. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 88, 632−657. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Vohs, K. D. & Heatherton, T. F. (2000). Self-regulatory failure: A resource-depletion approach. Psychological Science, 11, 249−254. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Wall, T. D. , Jackson, P. R. , Mullarky, S. & Parker, S. K. (1996). The demands-control model of job strain: A more specific test. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 71, 219−236. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Zapf, D. & Semmer, N. K. (2004). Stress und Gesundheit in Organisationen. In H. Schuler (Hrsg.), Enzyklopädie der Psychologie. Band D/III/3. Organisationspsychologie – Grundlagen der Personalpsychologie (S. 1007–1112). Göttingen: Hogrefe. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Zerssen, D. von (1976). Die Beschwerden-Liste: Manual. Weinheim: Beltz. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar