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Originalarbeit

Emotionsbewusstsein und depressive Symptome im frühen Jugendalter

Zur Bedeutung von Trauer-Regulationsstrategien

Published Online:May 20, 2020https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000548

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Ergebnisse aus Querschnittstudien weisen darauf hin, dass Emotionsregulationsstrategien den Effekt zwischen dem Emotionsbewusstsein und depressiven Symptomen vermitteln. Es fehlen jedoch prospektive Studien, die diesen Effekt bestätigen. Fragestellung: Diese Studie überprüft, ob die Veränderung in der Nutzung adaptiver und maladaptiver Trauer-Regulationsstrategien über drei Monate die Beziehung zwischen dem Emotionsbewusstsein zu T1 und der depressiven Symptomatik zu T2 vermittelt. Methodik: Bei N = 136 Jugendlichen (55.9 % ♀, M = 11.53 Jahre; SD = 0.82) wurde zu T1 das Emotionsbewusstsein erfasst. Adaptive sowie maladaptive Strategien zur Trauerregulation und die Depressionssymptomatik wurden zu zwei Messzeitpunkten, zwischen denen ein Abstand von M = 15 Wochen (SD = 4.22) lag, erhoben. Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein hohes Emotionsbewusstsein zu T1 über eine Zunahme maladaptiver Regulationsstrategien mit einer stärkeren depressiven Symptomatik zu T2 verknüpft ist. Ein vermittelnder Effekt über die Veränderung adaptiver Regulationsstrategien fand sich nicht. Eine Zunahme adaptiver Strategien stand in Zusammenhang mit niedrigen Depressionswerten zu T2. Schlussfolgerung: In der Prävention sollte das Emotionsbewusstsein in Kombination mit Techniken zur Beendigung maladaptiver Trauer-Regulationsstrategien vermittelt werden. Adaptive Strategien zur Bewältigung von Trauer sollten systematisch aufgebaut und eingeübt werden.


Emotional Awareness and Depressive Symptoms in Early Adolescence. About the Meaning of Strategies for the Regulation of Sadness

Abstract. Background: Results from cross-sectional studies indicate that emotion regulation strategies mediate the effect of emotional awareness on depressive symptoms. Prospective studies, that confirm this effect are missing. Objective: The current study investigates, if changes in use of adaptive and maladaptive strategies for the regulation of sadness over three months mediate the relationship between emotional awareness at T1 and depressive symptoms at T2. Methods: In a sample of N = 136 adolescents (55.9 % ♀, M = 11.53 years; SD = 0.82) emotional awareness was self-reported. Adaptive and maladaptive strategies for the regulation of sadness and depressive symptoms were assessed at two measuring points with an interval of 15 weeks (SD = 4.22). Results: Results show, that high emotional awareness at T1 was associated with more depressive symptoms at T2 via an increase in maladaptive strategies. No mediating effect was found for changes in adaptive strategies. An increase in adaptive strategies was associated with low depressive symptoms at T2. Conclusions: In prevention, emotional awareness should be taught in combination with techniques for stopping maladaptive regulation strategies of sadness. Adaptive strategies for the regulation of sadness should be systematically build and practiced.

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