Diagnostik der Blut-Verletzungs-Spritzen-Angst
Entwicklung und Validierung eines Erhebungsinstrumente
Abstract
Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Zur Erfassung von Blut-Verletzungs-Spritzen-Ängsten sollte für den deutschen Sprachraum ein valider Fragebogen mit klarer Faktorenstruktur entwickelt werden. Fragestellung: Entwicklung eines neuen Messinstrumentes, welches auf die Erhebung von Blut-Verletzungs-Spritzen-Ängstlichkeit fokussiert. Methode: Entwicklung und Validierung eines Fragebogens an 340 Studenten, 20 Phobikern, 20 Kontrollpersonen und 18 Blutspendern. Ergebnisse: Es ergab sich ein Fragebogen mit 20 Items. Die Retest-Korrelation war hoch (rtt(42) = .78). Die Validitätsanalyse ergab hohe Korrelationen mit konstruktnahen Fragebögen, niedrige Korrelationen mit konstruktfernen Fragebögen und eine gute Differenzierung zwischen Phobikern und Kontrollpersonen. Ab einem Cut-Off von 44 (Range 20 bis 140) sollte das Vorliegen einer Blut-Verletzungs-Spritzen-Phobie geprüft werden. Schlussfolgerungen: Es konnte ein reliabler und valider deutscher Fragebogen mit vier klar definierten Faktoren entwickelt werden.
Abstract.Background: We planned to develop a valid, German language questionnaire with a clear factor structure for the assessment of blood-injury fear. Objective: Development of a new instrument that specifically measures blood-injury anxiety. Methods: Development and validation of a questionnaire with a student sample (N = 340), 20 phobics, 20 controls, and 18 blood donors. Results: The questionnaire has 20 items. Retest reliability was high (rtt(42) = .78). The validation analysis showed high correlations with related questionnaires, low correlations with only distantly related questionnaires, and a good differentiation between phobics and controls. A score of 44 (range 20 to 140) or higher indicates a possible blood-injury phobia. Conclusions: A reliable and valid questionnaire with four clearly defined factors is now available for German-speaking countries.
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