Skip to main content
Search
Search
    Quick Search anywhere
    Quick search in Citations
Advanced Search
Skip main navigationClose Drawer MenuOpen Drawer Menu
Previous article
Next article
Originalarbeit

Testgüte einer deutschen Version des Mehrdimensionalen Perfektionismus Kognitions-Inventars (MPCI-G)

Published Online:September 25, 2018https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924/a000211

Abstract

Zusammenfassung. Gegenstand der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Entwicklung einer deutschsprachigen Version des Mehrdimensionalen Perfektionismus Kognitions-Inventars (MPCI-G [G = German]). In einer ersten Studie wurde die faktorielle Validität des MPCI-G überprüft. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse aus Studie 1 wurde der MPCI-G revidiert (MPCI-G-R). In Studie 2 wurden die Reliabilität, faktorielle und Konstruktvalidität des MPCI-G-R untersucht. Die Ergebnisse aus konfirmatorischen Faktorenanalysen, Korrelations- und multiplen Regressionsanalysen sprechen für die Reliabilität, faktorielle und Konstruktvalidität der 3 (korrelierten) Dimensionen perfektionistischer Kognitionen: Personal Standards (PSK), Concern over Mistakes (CMK) und Pursuit of Perfection Kognitionen (PPK). Unter anderem fanden sich differentielle Zusammenhänge der 3 Dimensionen mit dispositionellem Perfektionismus (Perfectionistic Strivings und Concerns), Affekt (schlechte Stimmung und Unruhe), Depressivität und der Zielsetzung für eine bevorstehende Prüfungsphase. Die reliable und valide multidimensionale Erfassung perfektionistischer Kognitionen, die zwischen eher positiven (PSK) und negativen Dimensionen (CMK und PPK) differenziert, stellt eine wertvolle Ergänzung zur Erforschung des dispositionellen Perfektionismus dar, welche das Verständnis dafür fördern kann, wie Dimensionen des dispositionellen Perfektionismus mit psychischem und physischem Wohlbefinden zusammenhängen.


Reliability and Validity of the German Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory (MPCI-G)

Abstract. The present article describes the development of the German version of the Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory (MPCI-G). In an initial study we investigated the factorial validity of the MPCI-G. Based on the results of Study 1, the MPCI-G was revised (MPCI-G-R). In Study 2 we investigated the reliability, factorial validity, and construct validity of the MPCI-G-R. Results of confirmatory factor analyses as well as correlational and multiple regression analyses supported the 3-factorial structure of the 3 intercorrelated dimensions of perfectionistic cognitions assessed by the MPCI-G-R: personal standards (PSK), concern over mistakes (CMK), and pursuit of perfection cognitions (PPK). Thereby, the three dimensions showed differential associations with dispositional perfectionism (strivings and concerns), affect (unpleasant mood and tense arousal), depression, and goal setting for an imminent examination period. The reliable and valid multidimensional assessment of perfectionistic cognitions, differentiating between positive (PSK) and negative dimensions (CMK and PPK), is a useful supplement to the assessment of dispositional perfectionism in that it can promote the understanding of how dimensions of dispositional perfectionism are associated with psychological and physiological well-being.

Literatur

  • Altstötter-Gleich, C. & Bergemann, N. (2006). Testgüte einer deutschsprachigen Version der Mehrdimensionalen Perfektionismus Skala von Frost, Marten, Lahart und Rosenblate (MPS-F). Diagnostica, 52, 105 – 118. https://doi.org/10.1026/0012-1924.52.3.105 First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Besser, A., Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L. & Guez, J. (2008). Perfectionism, and cognitions, affect, self-esteem, and physiological reactions in a performance situation. Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 26, 206 – 228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-007-0067-0 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Bieling, P. J., Israeli, A., Smith, J. & Antony, M. M. (2003). Making the grade: The behavioural consequences of perfectionism in the classroom. Personality and Individual Differences, 35, 163 – 178. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00173-3 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Blasberg, J. S., Hewitt, P. L., Flett, G. L., Sherry, S. B. & Chen, C. (2016). The importance of item wording: The distinction between measuring high standards versus measuring perfectionism and why it matters. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 34, 702 – 717. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282916653701 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Brown, E. J., Heimberg, R. G., Frost, R. O., Makris, G. S., Juster, H. R. & Leung, A. W. (1999). Relationship of perfectionism to affect, expectations, attributions and performance in the classroom. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 18, 98 – 120. https://doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1999.18.1.98 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Cheung, G. W. & Rensvold, R. B. (2002). Evaluating goodness-of-fit indexes for testing measurement invariance. Structural Equation Modeling, 9, 233 – 255. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328007SEM0902_5 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Dunn, T. J., Baguley, T. & Brunsden, V. (2014). From alpha to omega: A practical solution to the pervasive problem of internal consistency estimation. British Journal of Psychology, 105, 399 – 412. https://doi.org/doi:10.1111/bjop.12046 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Flett, G. L. & Hewitt, P. L. (2014). The multidimensional assessment of perfectionistic automatic thoughts: A commentary on „Examining mutual suppression effects in the assessment of perfectionism cognitions: Evidence supporting multidimensional assessment“. Assessment, 21, 661 – 665. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191114553015 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Blankstein, K. R. & Gray, L. (1998). Psychological distress and the frequency of perfectionistic thinking. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 1363 – 1381. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.75.5.1363 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Flett, G. L., Hewitt, P. L., Demerjian, A., Sturman, E. D., Sherry, S. B. & Cheng, W. (2012). Perfectionistic automatic thoughts and psychological distress in adolescents: An analysis of the perfectionism cognitions inventory. Journal of Rational-Emotive and Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 30, 91 – 104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-011-0131-7 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Flett, G. L., Newby, J., Hewitt, P. L. & Persaud, C. (2011). Perfectionistic automatic thoughts, trait perfectionism, and bulimic automatic thoughts in young women. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 29, 192 – 206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10942-011-0135-3 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Frost, R. O., Heimberg, R. G., Holt, C. S., Mattia, J. I. & Neubauer, A. L. (1993). A comparison of two measures of perfectionism. Personality and Individual Differences, 14, 119 – 126. https://doi.org/10.1016/0191-8869(93)90181-2 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Frost, R.O., Marten, P., Lahart, C. & Rosenblate, R. (1990). The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 14, 449 – 468. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01172967 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Hewitt, P. L. & Flett, G. L. (1990). Perfectionism and depression: A multidimensional analysis. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 5, 423 – 438. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Hewitt, P. L. & Flett, G. L. (1991). Perfectionism in the self and social contexts: Conceptualization, assessment, and association with psychopathology. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 456 – 470. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.60.3.456 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Hill, R. W., Huelsman, T. J. & Araujo, G. (2010). Perfectionistic concerns suppress associations between perfectionistic strivings and positive life outcomes. Personality and Individual Differences, 48, 584 – 589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.12.011 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Hu, L. & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Fit indices in covariance structure modeling: Sensitivity to underparameterized model misspecification. Psychological Methods, 3, 424 – 453. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.3.4.424 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Keith, N., Hodapp, V., Schermelleh-Engel, K. & Moosbrugger, H. (2003). Cross-sectional and longitudinal confirmatory factor models for the german test anxiety inventory: A construct validation. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 16, 251 – 270. https://doi.org/10.1080/1061580031000095416 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Kobori, O. & Tanno, Y. (2004). Development of Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognition Inventory. The Japanese Journal of Personality, 13, 34 – 43. https://doi.org/10.2132/personality.13.34 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Kobori, O. & Tanno, Y. (2005). Self-oriented perfectionism and its relationship to positive and negative affect: The mediation of positive and negative perfectionism cognitions. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 29, 555 – 567. https://doi.org/.1007/s10608-005-2835-4 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Kulas, J. T. & Stachowski, A. A. (2013). Respondent rationale for neither agreeing nor disagreeing: Person and item contributors to middle category endorsement intent on Likert personality indicators. Journal of Research in Personality, 47, 254 – 262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2013.01.014 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Little, T. D. (2013). Longitudinal structural equation modeling. New York: Guilford Press. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Mandel, T., Dunkley, D. M. & Moroz, M. (2015). Self-critical perfectionism and depressive and anxious symptoms over 4 years: The mediating role of daily stress reactivity. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62, 703 – 717. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000101 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Meade, A. W. & Craig, S. B. (2012). Identifying careless responses in survey data. Psychological Methods, 17, 437 – 455. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028085 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Meredith, W. (1993). Measurement invariance, factor analysis and factorial invariance. Psychometrika, 58, 525 – 543. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02294825 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Niessen, A. S. M., Meijer, R. R. & Tendeiro, J. N. (2016). Detecting careless respondents in web-based questionnaires: Which method to use? Journal of Research in Personality, 63, 1 – 11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2016.04.010 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Rosseel, Y. (2012). Lavaan: An R package for structural equation modeling. Journal of Statistical Software, 48, 2, 1 – 36. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Satorra, A. & Bentler, P. M. (2001). A scaled difference chi-square test statistic for moment structure analysis. Psychometrika, 66, 507 – 514. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02296192 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H. & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8, 3, 23 – 74. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Schmitt, M. & Maes, J. (2000). Vorschlag zur Vereinfachung des Beck-Depressions-Inventars (BDI). Diagnostica, 46, 38 – 46. https://doi.org/10.1026//0012-1924.46.1.38 First citation in articleLink, Google Scholar

  • Shafran, R., Cooper, Z. & Fairburn, C. G. (2002). Clinical perfectionism: A cognitive-behavioural analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40, 773 – 791. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-7967(01)00059-6 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Slaney, R. B., Rice, K. G., Mobley, M., Trippi, J. & Ashby, J. S. (2001). The revised almost perfect scale. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development, 34, 130 – 145. Washington. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Steyer, R., Majcen, A.-M., Schwenkmezger, P. & Buchner, A. (1989). A latent state-trait anxiety model and its application to determine consistency and specificity coefficients. Anxiety Research, 1, 281 – 299. https://doi.org/10.1080/08917778908248726 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Steyer, R., Schwenkmezger, P., Notz, P. & Eid, M. (1997). Der Mehrdimensionale Befindlichkeitsfragebogen (MDBF, Handanweisung). Göttingen: Hogrefe. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Stoeber, J. & Gaudreau, P. (2017). The advantages of partialling perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns: Critical issues and recommendations. Personality and Individual Differences, 104, 379 – 386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.08.039 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Stoeber, J., Kobori, O. & Brown, A. (2014). Examining mutual suppression effects in the assessment of perfectionism cognitions: Evidence supporting multidimensional assessment. Assessment, 21, 647 – 660. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191114534884 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Stoeber, J., Kobori, O. & Tanno, Y. (2010). The Multidimensional Perfectionism Cognitions Inventory-English (MPCI-E): Reliability, validity, and relationships with positive and negative affect. Journal of personality assessment, 92, 16 – 25. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223890903379159 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Stoeber, J. & Otto, K. (2006). Positive conceptions of perfectionism: Approaches, evidence, challenges. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 10, 295 – 319. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr1004_2 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Tabachnick, B. G. & Fidell, L. S. (2007). Using multivariate statistics (5th Ed.). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon Inc. First citation in articleGoogle Scholar

  • Yuan, K. H. & Bentler, P. M. (1998). Normal theory based test statistics in structural equation modelling. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 51, 289 – 309. First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar

  • Zou, G.Y. (2007). Toward using confidence intervals to compare correlations. Psychological Methods, 12, 399 – 413. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989x.12.4.399 First citation in articleCrossref, Google Scholar