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Originalarbeit

Erfassung des riskanten Alkoholkonsums bei Studierenden deutscher Hochschulen

Analysen zur Kriteriumsvalidität und zur Optimierung der Cut-Off-Werte des Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test(–Consumption)

Published Online:December 22, 2017https://doi.org/10.1026/1616-3443/a000432

Abstract

Zusammenfassung.Theoretischer Hintergrund: Der Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) und die Kurzform AUDIT-C sind etablierte Screeninginstrumente, u. a. zur Erkennung des riskanten Alkoholkonsums. Fragestellung: Validierung und Bestimmung der Cut-Off-Werte beider Screenings für Studierende deutscher Hochschulen. Methode: Auf Basis zweier Querschnittsanalysen (1. Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften; n = 490, 60 % männlich; 2. drei Universitäten; n = 1456, 47 % männlich) erfolgten die Analysen anhand des, mittels Mengen-Frequenz-Indizes erhobenen, externen Kriteriums von > 60 bzw. > 120 Gramm Reinalkohol pro Woche (Frauen / Männer) bzw. eines praktizierten Rauschtrinkens. Zusätzlich erfolgte eine Erfassung Alkohol-assoziierter Probleme. Ergebnisse: Die Verbreitung des riskanten Alkoholkonsums im letzten Monat betrug 53 % bzw. 56 % und war mit signifikant mehr alkoholbedingten Problemen assoziiert. Die Testgüte beider Screenings war gut bis exzellent. Die optimalen Cut-Off-Werte betrugen für den AUDIT ≥ 5 Punkte, für den AUDIT-C ≥ 4 Punkte bzw. jeweils ≥ 4 bei Frauen und ≥ 5 bei Männern. Schlussfolgerungen: Aufgrund seiner Kürze kann insbesondere der AUDIT-C als valides und ökonomisches Screeninginstrument des riskanten Alkoholkonsums bei Studierenden empfohlen werden.


Screening for Hazardous Drinking Among German University Students: Criterion Validity and Cut-Off Scores for the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test–Consumption

Abstract.Background: The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the short version AUDIT-C are established instruments in screening for hazardous drinking. Objective: The aim of this study was the validation and evaluation of cut-off-values in student samples of German universities. Method: Analyses were based on samples of one university of applied sciences (n = 490, 60 % male) and three universities (n = 1,456, 47 % male). The external criterion of > 60 or > 120 g ethanol (women / men, respectively) and > 0 risky single-occasion drinking were measured using an adaptation of the Daily Drinking Questionnaire. Additionally, alcohol-related problems were assessed. Results: The prevalence of hazardous drinking during the last month was 53 % and 56 %, respectively, and was associated with significantly more alcohol-related problems. The quality in the detection of hazardous drinking of both screenings was good to excellent. Overall, the best AUDIT cut-off was ≥ 5 points, the AUDIT-C cut-off ≥ 4 points, and in each case ≥ 4 for women and ≥ 5 for men. Conclusion: According to its characteristics, the AUDIT-C can be recommended as short and valid screening for hazardous drinking in students of German universities.

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