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Elterliche Psychopathologie, Aggression und Depression bei Kindern und Jugendlichen

Published Online:September 21, 2010https://doi.org/10.1026/0942-5403/a000030

Abstract

Aggressiv-dissoziales Verhalten und depressive Symptome treten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen auch gemeinsam auf. Eine solche Komorbidität zweier unterschiedlicher Störungsbilder kann oft durch einen gemeinsamen Risikofaktor erklärt werden. Aus der bevölkerungsbezogenen BELLA-Studie wurde aus insgesamt 1356 Teilnehmern im Altern von elf bis 17 Jahren (51.6 % Jungen) eine Risikogruppe aggressiver Kinder und Jugendlicher (n = 422; 68.7 % Jungen) identifiziert und untersucht, ob und inwieweit die Beziehungen zwischen elterlicher Psychopathologie und einer der beiden Störungen von der jeweils anderen Störung vermittelt werden. Hierzu wurden alters- und geschlechtsadjustierte Mediatoranalysen durchgeführt. Die Analysen wurden stratifiziert, je nachdem ob sich die Kinder und Jugendlichen als vorwiegend proaktiv (n = 145; 52.4 % Jungen), reaktiv (n = 173; 76.3 % Jungen) oder reaktiv-proaktiv (n = 104; 78.8 % Jungen) aggressiv einstuften. Für alle Risikogruppen mediierte sowohl aggressiv-dissoziales Verhalten den Pfad auf Depression als auch Depression den Pfad auf aggressiv-dissziales Verhalten. Die Varianzaufklärung der Modelle war für proaktiv- und reaktiv-aggressive Jugendliche deutlich höher, wenn Depression den Pfad von elterlicher Psychopathologie auf aggressiv-dissoziales Verhalten mediierte. Für reaktiv-proaktiv aggressive Kinder und Jugendliche war dieses Verhältnis umgekehrt. Die Ergebnisse werden vor dem Hintergrund aktueller Ergebnisse und Komorbiditätskonzepte diskutiert.


Parental psychopathology, aggression, and depression in children and adolescents

Aggressive and dissocial behaviors and symptoms of depression in children and adolescents co-occur more than is to be expected to by chance. A shared risk factor is a possible explanation for comorbidity of two different disorders. From a total of 1,356 participants aged 11 to 17 years from the population-based sample of the German BELLA study a risk group of highly aggressive youth (n = 422; 68.7 % boys) was identified and assessed as to whether and how relationships between parental psychopathology and one of the two disorders were mediated by the other. Therefore, mediational analyses adjusted for gender and age were performed. Analyses were stratified on the basis of the self-classifications of youths as relatively proactive-aggressive (n = 145; 25.4 % boys), reactive-aggressive (n = 173; 76.3 % boys), and proactive-reactive aggressive (n = 104; 78.8 % boys). Analyses showed that both aggressive and dissocial behavior mediated the path from parental psychopathology to depression and that depression mediated the path to aggressive behavior. Explained variance, however, was consistently higher in the proactive-aggressive and reactive-aggressive groups when depression mediated the path from parental psychopathology to aggressive and dissocial behavior, whereas the relation for proactive-reactive aggressive children was the opposite. Results are discussed with respect to current research on and concepts of comorbidity.

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