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24-10-2020 | Original Article

Does Self-Efficacy Predict Functioning in Older Adults with Schizophrenia? A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Mediation Analysis

Auteurs: Abigail C. Wright, Julia Browne, Corinne Cather, Sarah I. Pratt, Stephen J. Bartels, Kim T. Mueser

Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research | Uitgave 1/2021

Abstract

Background

Self-efficacy (belief in one’s ability to complete activities or manage symptoms) is often poor in people with schizophrenia. Low self-efficacy is associated with negative symptoms and neurocognition which, together, may worsen psychosocial functioning. This study explores causal patterns between these variables by assessing their temporal associations and their combined role in predicting functioning using cross-sectional and longitudinal data.

Methods

This study is a secondary analysis of data from 103 older adults with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders engaged in a randomized controlled trial (Helping Older People Experience Success or Treatment As Usual). Cross-sectional and longitudinal measures included neurocognition, positive and negative symptoms, self-efficacy, and three measures of functioning (Independent Living Skills Survey [ILSS], The Multnomah Community Ability Scale (MCAS), University of California, San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment [UPSA]).

Results

Self-efficacy was associated with self-reported functional skills (ILSS) only. The impact of self-efficacy on functioning was partially mediated by negative symptoms. This mediation was also present when predicting functioning at one year, unaffected when depression and positive symptoms were controlled.

Conclusions

This study suggests direct and indirect effects of self-efficacy, via negative symptoms, on functioning in older adults with schizophrenia. Self-efficacy and negative symptoms should be intervention targets to improve functional difficulties in older adults with schizophrenia.

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Titel: Does Self-Efficacy Predict Functioning in Older Adults with Schizophrenia? A Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Mediation Analysis
Auteurs: Abigail C. Wright
Julia Browne
Corinne Cather
Sarah I. Pratt
Stephen J. Bartels
Kim T. Mueser
Publicatiedatum: 24-10-2020
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Cognitive Therapy and Research / Uitgave 1/2021
Print ISSN: 0147-5916
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-2819
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-020-10171-8

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Developmental Differences in Child and Adolescent Reasoning About Anxiety Sensations

Daily-Life Negative Affect in Emotional Distress Disorders Associated with Altered Frontoinsular Emotion Regulation Activation and Cortical Gyrification

Manipulating Alcohol Expectancies in Social Anxiety: A Focus on Beliefs About Losing Control

Change in Attentional Control Predicts Change in Attentional Bias to Negative Information in Response to Elevated State Anxiety

Emotion-in-Motion: An ABM Approach that Modifies Attentional Disengagement from, Rather than Attentional Engagement with, Negative Information

Cognitive Predictors of Depressive Symptoms: Cognitive Reactivity, Mood Reactivity, and Dysfunctional Attitudes