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Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research 8/2020

13-06-2019 | Original Article

Does incidental sequence learning allow us to better manage upcoming conflicting events?

Auteurs: Luis Jiménez, Elger Abrahamse, Cástor Méndez, Senne Braem

Gepubliceerd in: Psychological Research | Uitgave 8/2020

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Abstract

Recent proposals emphasize the role of learning in empirical markers of conflict adaptation. Some of these proposals are rooted in the assumption that contingency learning works not only on stimulus–response events but also on covert processes such as selective attention. In the present study, we explored how these learning processes may apply to trial-to-trial modulations of selective attention, mirroring the sequential nature of congruency sequence effects. Two groups of participants performed a four-choice Stroop task in which the color to which they responded on each trial acted as a probabilistic predictor either of the external response to be emitted on the next trial, or the congruency level (and therefore control demands) on the next trial. The results showed clear effects of sequence learning for external responses, but no evidence of learning about sequential stimulus–conflict associations. The implications of these results are discussed in relation to other learning-based phenomena of conflict adaptation and suggest that learning of stimulus–control associations is strongly constrained by event boundaries.
Voetnoten
1
Alternatively, concerns may be raised that our design lacks the necessary power to detect the size of the effect typically obtained in dedicated CSPC or ISPC experiments. CSPC designs are often found to produce absolute effects around 15–20 ms. In the present study, because the standard deviation of the differences between predicted and non-predicted trials in the color → congruency condition is 23 ms, this would amount to a normalized Cohen-d between .65 and .87. A design with 24 participants would be sufficiently high-powered to capture such effects (1-β between .86 and .98, as computed by G*Power 3, Faul, Erdfelder, Lang, & Buchner, 2007), but it could be underpowered to detect effects of 10 ms (1-β = .53) or smaller.
 
Literatuur
go back to reference D’Angelo, M. C., Jiménez, L., Milliken, B., & Lupiáñez, J. (2013). On the specificity of sequential congruency effects in implicit learning of motor and perceptual sequences. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(1), 69–84. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028474.CrossRefPubMed D’Angelo, M. C., Jiménez, L., Milliken, B., & Lupiáñez, J. (2013). On the specificity of sequential congruency effects in implicit learning of motor and perceptual sequences. Journal of Experimental Psychology. Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 39(1), 69–84. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​a0028474.CrossRefPubMed
go back to reference Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191.CrossRef Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191.CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Does incidental sequence learning allow us to better manage upcoming conflicting events?
Auteurs
Luis Jiménez
Elger Abrahamse
Cástor Méndez
Senne Braem
Publicatiedatum
13-06-2019
Uitgeverij
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Gepubliceerd in
Psychological Research / Uitgave 8/2020
Print ISSN: 0340-0727
Elektronisch ISSN: 1430-2772
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426-019-01201-6

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