Abstract
Extrapyramidal disorders are caused by abnormalities in the mesencephalon and basal ganglia. Parkinsonism exists in two forms, typical (Parkinson’s disease) and atypical. Parkinson’s disease, the most common chronic disease of the CNS after the 50th year of life, always causes more than just motor symptoms. The diagnosis is based on clinical criteria; structural and functional imaging may be needed to distinguish the various forms of atypical parkinsonism from Parkinson’s disease itself. There are good treatments available for Parkinson’s disease, and a multidisciplinary approach is required. Atypical parkinsonian disorders include vascular parkinsonism, drug-induced parkinsonism, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration. Extrapyramidal symptoms other than parkinsonism are tremor, chorea, ballism, myoclonus, tics and dystonia.