Skip to main content
Top
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence 9/2020

19-06-2020 | Empirical Research

Discrimination, the Model Minority Stereotype, and Peer Relationships Across the High School Years

Auteurs: Taylor L. Thompson, Lisa Kiang, Melissa R. Witkow

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 9/2020

Log in om toegang te krijgen
share
DELEN

Deel dit onderdeel of sectie (kopieer de link)

  • Optie A:
    Klik op de rechtermuisknop op de link en selecteer de optie “linkadres kopiëren”
  • Optie B:
    Deel de link per e-mail

Abstract

Ethnic stereotyping can profoundly influence youth adjustment; however, little work has addressed how the model minority stereotype may affect adolescent social adjustment. This study examined Asian American adolescents’ peer relationships over time and how perceived discrimination and model minority stereotyping are associated with positive (support) and negative (criticism) qualities in these relationships. Multi-wave survey data were collected from 175 Asian adolescents in the Southeast over three time points. Participants were 60% female (freshmen Mage = 14.42 years, SD = 0.64 and sophomores Mage = 15.56 years, SD = 0.74). They were 75% US-born and represented various heritage groups (e.g., Hmong, East/Southeast Asian, South Asian). Within-person, year-to-year associations between variables were explored. Criticism from White and other-ethnic peers decreased over time. Discrimination was associated with higher criticism over time, and links between model minority stereotyping and support were found. With White peers, when stereotyping experiences increased, both positive and negative relationship qualities increased. Experiences of stereotyping and discrimination interacted, exacerbating each other with regard to criticism. The discussion compares model minority stereotyping and discrimination, both likely to create strained relationships.
Literatuur
go back to reference Aronson, J., & Good, C. (2002). The development and consequences of stereotype vulnerability in adolescents. In F. Pajares, & T. Urdan (Eds) Adolescence and education: Vol. 2. Academic motivation of adolescents (pp. 299–330). Greenwich, CT: Information Age. Aronson, J., & Good, C. (2002). The development and consequences of stereotype vulnerability in adolescents. In F. Pajares, & T. Urdan (Eds) Adolescence and education: Vol. 2. Academic motivation of adolescents (pp. 299–330). Greenwich, CT: Information Age.
go back to reference Atkin, A. L., Yoo, H. C., Jager, J., & Yeh, C. J. (2018). Internalization of the model minority myth, school racial composition, and psychological distress among Asian American adolescents. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 9(2), 108–116. https://doi.org/10.1037/aap0000096.CrossRef Atkin, A. L., Yoo, H. C., Jager, J., & Yeh, C. J. (2018). Internalization of the model minority myth, school racial composition, and psychological distress among Asian American adolescents. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 9(2), 108–116. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​aap0000096.CrossRef
go back to reference Atkinson, D. R. (2004). Counseling American minorities. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill. Atkinson, D. R. (2004). Counseling American minorities. 6th ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill.
go back to reference Bryk, A. S., & Raudenbush, S. W. (1992). Hierarchical linear models. Newbury Park, CA: Sage. Bryk, A. S., & Raudenbush, S. W. (1992). Hierarchical linear models. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
go back to reference Chang, D. F., & Demyan, A. (2007). Teachers’ stereotypes of Asian, Black, and White students. School Psychology Quarterly, 22(2), 91–114.CrossRef Chang, D. F., & Demyan, A. (2007). Teachers’ stereotypes of Asian, Black, and White students. School Psychology Quarterly, 22(2), 91–114.CrossRef
go back to reference Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York, NY: Norton. Erikson, E. H. (1968). Identity: Youth and crisis. New York, NY: Norton.
go back to reference Gould, S. J. (1996). The mismeasure of man. New York, NY: W. W. Norton. Gould, S. J. (1996). The mismeasure of man. New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
go back to reference Greene, M. L., Way, N., & Pahl, K. (2006). Trajectories of perceived adult and peer discrimination among Black, Latino, and Asian American adolescents: Patterns and psychological correlates. Developmental Psychology, 42(2), 218–238.PubMedCrossRef Greene, M. L., Way, N., & Pahl, K. (2006). Trajectories of perceived adult and peer discrimination among Black, Latino, and Asian American adolescents: Patterns and psychological correlates. Developmental Psychology, 42(2), 218–238.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Harter, S. (1999). The construction of the self: a developmental perspective. New York, NY: Guilford Press. Harter, S. (1999). The construction of the self: a developmental perspective. New York, NY: Guilford Press.
go back to reference Ho, C., & Jackson, J. W. (2001). Attitudes toward Asian Americans: theory and measurement. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31(8), 1553–1581.CrossRef Ho, C., & Jackson, J. W. (2001). Attitudes toward Asian Americans: theory and measurement. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31(8), 1553–1581.CrossRef
go back to reference Kiang, L., & Supple, A. J. (2016). Theoretical perspectives on Asian American youth and families in rural and new immigrant destinations. In L. Crockett & G. Carlo (Eds), Ethnic minority youth in the rural USA (pp. 71–88). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.CrossRef Kiang, L., & Supple, A. J. (2016). Theoretical perspectives on Asian American youth and families in rural and new immigrant destinations. In L. Crockett & G. Carlo (Eds), Ethnic minority youth in the rural USA (pp. 71–88). Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.CrossRef
go back to reference Lee, R. M. (2003). Do ethnic identity and other-group orientation protect against discrimination for Asian Americans? Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50(2), 133–141.CrossRef Lee, R. M. (2003). Do ethnic identity and other-group orientation protect against discrimination for Asian Americans? Journal of Counseling Psychology, 50(2), 133–141.CrossRef
go back to reference Lee, R. M. (2005). Resilience against discrimination: ethnic identity and other-group orientation as protective factors for Korean Americans. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(1), 36–44.CrossRef Lee, R. M. (2005). Resilience against discrimination: ethnic identity and other-group orientation as protective factors for Korean Americans. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 52(1), 36–44.CrossRef
go back to reference Liang, B., Grossman, J. M., & Deguchi, M. (2007). Chinese American middle school youths’ experiences of discrimination and stereotyping. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 4, 187–205.CrossRef Liang, B., Grossman, J. M., & Deguchi, M. (2007). Chinese American middle school youths’ experiences of discrimination and stereotyping. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 4, 187–205.CrossRef
go back to reference Park, I. J. K., Schwartz, S. J., Lee, R. M., Kim, M., & Rodriguez, L. (2013). Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and antisocial behaviors among Asian American college students: testing the moderating roles of ethnic and American identity. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 19(2), 166–176. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028640.PubMedCrossRef Park, I. J. K., Schwartz, S. J., Lee, R. M., Kim, M., & Rodriguez, L. (2013). Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and antisocial behaviors among Asian American college students: testing the moderating roles of ethnic and American identity. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 19(2), 166–176. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​a0028640.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Reyna, C. (2000). Lazy, dumb, or industrious: When stereotypes convey attribution information in the classroom. Educational Psychology Review, 12(1), 85–110.CrossRef Reyna, C. (2000). Lazy, dumb, or industrious: When stereotypes convey attribution information in the classroom. Educational Psychology Review, 12(1), 85–110.CrossRef
go back to reference Rosenbloom, S. R., & Way, N. (2004). Experiences of discrimination among African American, Asian American, and Latino Adolescents in an urban high school. Youth &. Youth & Society, 35(4), 420–451.CrossRef Rosenbloom, S. R., & Way, N. (2004). Experiences of discrimination among African American, Asian American, and Latino Adolescents in an urban high school. Youth &. Youth & Society, 35(4), 420–451.CrossRef
go back to reference Sue, D. W., Capodilupo, C. M., Torino, G. C., Bucceri, J. M., Holder, A., Nadal, K. L., & Esquilin, M. (2007). Racial microaggressions in everyday life: implications for clinical practice. American Psychologist, 62(4), 271.PubMedCrossRef Sue, D. W., Capodilupo, C. M., Torino, G. C., Bucceri, J. M., Holder, A., Nadal, K. L., & Esquilin, M. (2007). Racial microaggressions in everyday life: implications for clinical practice. American Psychologist, 62(4), 271.PubMedCrossRef
go back to reference Tajfel, H. (1982). Social psychology of intergroup relations. Annual Review of Psychology, 33, 1–39.CrossRef Tajfel, H. (1982). Social psychology of intergroup relations. Annual Review of Psychology, 33, 1–39.CrossRef
go back to reference Thompson, T. L., Kiang, L., & Witkow, M. R. (2016). “You’re Asian; You’re supposed to be smart”: adolescents’ experiences with the Model Minority Stereotype and longitudinal links with identity. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 7(2), 108–119. https://doi.org/10.1037/aap0000038.CrossRef Thompson, T. L., Kiang, L., & Witkow, M. R. (2016). “You’re Asian; You’re supposed to be smart”: adolescents’ experiences with the Model Minority Stereotype and longitudinal links with identity. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 7(2), 108–119. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​aap0000038.CrossRef
go back to reference Way, N., Santos, C., Niwa, E. Y., & Kim‐Gervey, C. (2008). To be or not to be: An exploration of ethnic identity development in context. In M. Azmitia, M. Syed, & K. Radmacher (Eds), New directions for child and adolescent development: Intersections between personal and social identity (Vol. 120, pp. 61–79). San Francisco, CA: Jossey‐Bass. Way, N., Santos, C., Niwa, E. Y., & Kim‐Gervey, C. (2008). To be or not to be: An exploration of ethnic identity development in context. In M. Azmitia, M. Syed, & K. Radmacher (Eds), New directions for child and adolescent development: Intersections between personal and social identity (Vol. 120, pp. 61–79). San Francisco, CA: Jossey‐Bass.
go back to reference Wu, F. (2002). The model minority: Asian American “success” as a race relations failure. In Yellow: Race in America beyond black and white (pp. 39–78). New York, NY: Basic Books. Wu, F. (2002). The model minority: Asian American “success” as a race relations failure. In Yellow: Race in America beyond black and white (pp. 39–78). New York, NY: Basic Books.
go back to reference Yoon, E., Adams, K., Clawson, A., Chang, H., Surya, S., & Jérémie-Brink, G. (2017). East Asian adolescents’ ethnic identity development and cultural integration: a qualitative investigation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1(64), 65–79. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000181.CrossRef Yoon, E., Adams, K., Clawson, A., Chang, H., Surya, S., & Jérémie-Brink, G. (2017). East Asian adolescents’ ethnic identity development and cultural integration: a qualitative investigation. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 1(64), 65–79. https://​doi.​org/​10.​1037/​cou0000181.CrossRef
Metagegevens
Titel
Discrimination, the Model Minority Stereotype, and Peer Relationships Across the High School Years
Auteurs
Taylor L. Thompson
Lisa Kiang
Melissa R. Witkow
Publicatiedatum
19-06-2020
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 9/2020
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-020-01268-0

Andere artikelen Uitgave 9/2020

Journal of Youth and Adolescence 9/2020 Naar de uitgave