Introduction
Development of Support, Conflict, and Power
From Inequality to Equality: An Interlinked Process
Aims of the Present Study
Method
Participants
Procedure
Measures
Support
Conflict
Power
Results
Development of Support, Conflict, and Power
Plan for Analyses
Mothers | Fathers | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early | Middle | Early | Middle | ||||||
Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | ||
Support | |||||||||
IC | M | 3.51**b
| 3.70**c
| 3.36**a
| 3.52**b
| 3.39**b
| 3.49**c
| 3.25**a
| 3.23**a
|
σ² | .21**a
| .21**a
| .28**b
| .28**b
| .26**a
| .36**b
| .26**a
| .36**b
| |
SL | M | −.05**a
| −.03**a
| .01b
| .03*b
| −.05**a
| −.05**a
| −.01a
| .06**b
|
σ² | .02**a
| .02**a
| .02**b
| .02**b
| .03**a
| .02**a
| .03**a
| .02**a
| |
Conflict | |||||||||
IC | M | 1.41**a
| 1.41**a
| 1.63**b
| 1.63**b
| 1.41**a
| 1.41**a
| 1.64**b
| 1.64**b
|
σ² | .10**a
| .12**a
| .33**b
| .36**b
| .12**a
| .15**a
| .39**b
| .47**b
| |
SL | M | .04**b
| .07**c
| −.08**a
| −.07**a
| .03**b
| .07**c
| −.06**a
| −.08**a
|
σ² | .02**a
| .02**b
| .01**a,b
| .02**a,b
| .01**a
| .03**b
| .04**b
| .03**b
| |
Power | |||||||||
IC | M | 2.75**d
| 2.67**c
| 2.48**b
| 2.37**a
| 2.64**c
| 2.52**b
| 2.48**b
| 2.26**a
|
σ² | .21**a
| .21**a
| .28**b
| .28**b
| .22**a
| .28**b
| .36**b
| .29**b
| |
SL | M | −.08**b
| −.08**b
| −.11**a
| −.11**a
| −.05**b
| −.05**b
| −.09**a
| −.09**a
|
σ² | .02**a
| .02**a
| .01**a
| .01**a
| .02**b,c
| .03**c
| .01a
| .02**a,b
| |
Model fit indices | |||||||||
df | χ² | NNFI | RMSEA | df | χ² | NNFI | RMSEA | ||
Support | 27 | 74.04** | .96 | .04 | 27 | 64.69** | .97 | .03 | |
Conflict | 24 | 33.57 | .99 | .02 | 24 | 47.28** | .98 | .03 | |
Power | 29 | 33.46 | 1.00 | .01 | 25 | 38.34* | .98 | .02 |
Parental Support
Conflict with Parents
Parental Power
Linkages Between Support, Conflict, and Power in Parent–Adolescent Relationships
Plan for Analyses
Relation type | Mothers | Fathers | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Early | Middle | Early | Middle | |||||
Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | Boys | Girls | |
IC–IC correlations | ||||||||
Support ↔ Conflict | −.51** | −.48** | −.57**a
| −.66**a
| −.47**a
| −.49**b
| −.67** | −.51** |
Support ↔ Power | .26** | .26** | .02 | .02 | .39**a
| .33**a
| .25**a
| .07a
|
Conflict ↔ Power | .01 | .01 | .21** | .20** | .26**a
| .18*a
| .22*a
| .05a
|
IC–SL paths | ||||||||
Support → Support | .03 | .03 | .00 | .00 | .16** | .19** | −.05 | −.06 |
Conflict → Conflict | −.15** | −.13** | −.54** | −.47** | −.00 | −.00 | −.45** | −.52** |
Power → Power | −.24** | −.24** | −.26** | −.26** | −.23** | −.24** | .X | −.08 |
IC–SL cross-paths | ||||||||
Support → Conflict | .01 | .01 | .13** | .11** | .06 | .05 | .15** | .18** |
Support → Power | .05 | .05 | .14* | .14* | .05 | .06 | .X | .02 |
Conflict → Support | .25** | .27** | .35** | .36** | .33** | .38** | .24** | .28** |
Conflict → Power | .23** | .24** | .09 | .10 | .22** | .22** | .X | .11 |
Power → Support | −.23** | −.23** | −.22* | −.22* | −.44** | −.50** | −.09 | −.09 |
Power → Conflict | .09 | .07 | .15 | .13 | −.07 | −.06 | .07 | .06 |
SL–SL correlations | ||||||||
Support ↔ Conflict | −.84** | −.67** | −.76**a
| −.88**a
| −.54**a
| −.60**a
| −.57** | −.67** |
Support ↔ Power | .52**a
| .06b
| −.04 | −.04 | .56** | .53** | .X | −.12 |
Conflict ↔ Power | .36** | .29** | .50** | .40** | .32**a
| .43**b
| .X | .51** |
Fit indices | ||||||||
CMIN/DF | 4.10 | 2.38 | 5.00 | 2.75 | ||||
CFI | .88 | .92 | .86 | .89 | ||||
RMSEA | .06 | .06 | .07 | .07 |