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Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment

Gepubliceerd in:

15-12-2017

Detection of Feigned ADHD across Two Domains: The MMPI-2-RF and CAARS for Faked Symptoms and TOVA for Simulated Attention Deficits

Auteurs: Emily V. Robinson, Richard Rogers

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment | Uitgave 3/2018

Abstract

Psychological assessments of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) must consider possible feigning of ADHD symptoms and simulated deficits on attentional measures. Studies have consistently found that motivated examinees can easily feign ADHD with little research focused on its detection. Via a between-subjects simulation design, the current study investigated the MMPI-2-RF and the Conners Infrequency Index (CII) in a university sample by comparing four groups: feigned ADHD, feigned mental disorders, genuine ADHD, and non-ADHD controls. Encouragingly, the CII evidenced moderate discriminability between feigned ADHD and (a) genuine ADHD (d = 0.97) as well as (b) feigned mental disorders (d = 0.96). Because the MMPI-2-RF F-family scores did not differentiate ADHD feigners from other feigners or genuine ADHD, a Dissimulation (Ds) ADHD (Ds-ADHD) scale was developed by utilizing erroneous stereotypes as the detection strategy. While requiring cross-validation, the initial data demonstrated good discriminant validity in distinguishing feigned ADHD from both genuine ADHD and general feigning. As noted in the Discussion, ADHD assessments must systematically take into account examinees’ level of effort and actively evaluate the possibility of feigned ADHD.

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Effect size classifications are as follows: Moderate d ≥ .75; Large d ≥ 1.25; Very Large d ≥ 1.50 (Rogers et al. 2003).

This design does not allow researchers to know the specific type of feigned cognitive impairment; therefore, it is designated as “general feigners.”

Although it did not occur, cases would have been excluded if their diagnostic workup included the V code for malingering (V65.2).

MMPI-2 protocols were rescored to reflect MMPI-2-RF scales, which is common practice in MMPI-2-RF research (e.g., Sellbom and Lee 2013).

Undergraduate referrals may have other motivations for feigning, such as receiving academic accommodations for learning disorders as well as unwarranted medications for other diagnoses (e.g., anxiolytics).

The scores on FBS-r completely overlapped for the ADHD-Sim and ADHD-Dx groups; therefore, no effective cut score could be generated.

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Titel: Detection of Feigned ADHD across Two Domains: The MMPI-2-RF and CAARS for Faked Symptoms and TOVA for Simulated Attention Deficits
Auteurs: Emily V. Robinson
Richard Rogers
Publicatiedatum: 15-12-2017
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment / Uitgave 3/2018
Print ISSN: 0882-2689
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-3505
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-017-9640-8

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