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Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence 4/2019

18-09-2018 | Empirical Research

Depression, Anxiety, and Peer Victimization: Bidirectional Relationships and Associated Outcomes Transitioning from Childhood to Adolescence

Auteurs: Miriam K. Forbes, Sally Fitzpatrick, Natasha R. Magson, Ronald M. Rapee

Gepubliceerd in: Journal of Youth and Adolescence | Uitgave 4/2019

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Abstract

Experiences of depression, anxiety, and peer victimization have each been found to predict one another, and to predict negative outcomes in the domains of school connectedness, social functioning, quality of life, and physical health. However, the common co-occurrence of depression, anxiety, and peer victimization experiences has made it difficult to disentangle their unique roles in these associations. The present study thus sought to characterize the precise nature of the bidirectional relationships between depressive symptoms, anxiety, and victimization over time, and to examine their unique sequelae during the transition from childhood to early adolescence. Longitudinal multi-informant (child-reported, parent-reported, and teacher-reported) data from a nationally representative sample were analyzed using path analysis when the study child was aged 10–11 (n= 4169; Mage = 10.3; 48.8% female) and aged 12–13 (n= 3956; Mage = 12.4; 48.2% female). Depressive symptoms, anxiety, and peer victimization had small but significant unique bidirectional relationships. All three constructs also uniquely and prospectively predicted poorer life functioning across all domains examined. These results demonstrate that current interventions should broaden their scope to simultaneously target depression, anxiety, and peer victimization, as each of these experiences independently act as additive risk factors for subsequent negative outcomes.
Voetnoten
1
Comparing participants with data at both waves (age 10–11 and age 12–13; n= 3862) to those with data only at age 10–11 (n = 307) suggested that the FIML assumption of missing at random was appropriate. Specifically, comparing the participants on all study variables at age 10–11 (see Table 2) showed that the two groups had no differences exceeding a small standardized effect size (Cohen’s d and φdf =1 ≤ .1). The proportion of participants who spoke English as their main language at home did differ significantly (90.1% of retained participants compared to 82.2% of attrited participants, χ2(1) = 18.44, p < .001), but this difference was associated with only a small effect size (φ = .067). No other variables were associated with significant group differences.
 
2
As a final check whether aggregation was appropriate, the 99% confidence intervals were compared for each path for the aggregated informants’ reports of depression, anxiety, and peer victimization to the results analyzing the four informants separately (i.e., testing whether the paths differed significantly based on an uncorrected significance level of p< .01). The results based on individual informants did not differ significantly from the aggregated reports for any of the cross-lagged paths. Children and teachers had significantly weaker autoregressive paths for anxiety and peer victimization compared to the aggregated response results, although these relationships did remain positive and statistically significant (ps < .001). The consistency in these analyses supported the decision to aggregate.
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
Depression, Anxiety, and Peer Victimization: Bidirectional Relationships and Associated Outcomes Transitioning from Childhood to Adolescence
Auteurs
Miriam K. Forbes
Sally Fitzpatrick
Natasha R. Magson
Ronald M. Rapee
Publicatiedatum
18-09-2018
Uitgeverij
Springer US
Gepubliceerd in
Journal of Youth and Adolescence / Uitgave 4/2019
Print ISSN: 0047-2891
Elektronisch ISSN: 1573-6601
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-018-0922-6

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