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Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology

Gepubliceerd in:

01-01-2009

Delay and Inhibition as Early Predictors of ADHD Symptoms in Third Grade

Auteurs: Susan B. Campbell, Camilla von Stauffenberg

Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology | Uitgave 1/2009

Abstract

We used data from a large, longitudinal study of children in the community, the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, to examine how well earlier measures of delay capacity, inhibitory control, planning, and attention predicted symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessed in third grade. Children with elevated symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity (n = 57) and with inattentive symptoms only (n = 80) were identified via mother and teacher reports using the “or” rule, as were children without significant symptoms (n = 790). Multinomial logistic regression analyses indicated that poorer performance on earlier measures of resistance to temptation, delay of gratification, response inhibition, attention, and planning obtained from 36 months to 1st grade predicted membership in the two symptom groups relative to the comparison group in 3rd grade, albeit with somewhat different patterns of predictors. Controls for 36 month school readiness and externalizing symptoms indicated that these results were generally robust and not an artifact of initial cognitive or behavioral differences. Implications for developmental models of ADHD are discussed.

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Because four items on the CBCL2/3 map onto ADHD symptoms (can’t concentrate, can’t sit still, can’t stand waiting, quickly shifts from one activity to another), we also compared the three groups on maternal ratings of these four symptoms. The two symptom groups did not differ significantly from one another on these symptom ratings at 36 months [mean scores out of a possible 8 = 4.73 (SD = 1.96) and 4.26 (SD = 1.59), respectively for combined and inattentive symptom groups), although both differed from the comparison group [M = 3.26, SD = 1.72; F (2, 868) = 26.26, p < 0.001, with follow-up post hoc comparisons], indicating that children with inattention only symptoms at third grade, according to our selection criteria, were more hyperactive and impulsive than comparison children at 36 months, but not significantly less hyperactive and impulsive than children later showing combined symptoms.

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Titel: Delay and Inhibition as Early Predictors of ADHD Symptoms in Third Grade
Auteurs: Susan B. Campbell
Camilla von Stauffenberg
Publicatiedatum: 01-01-2009
Uitgeverij: Springer US
Gepubliceerd in: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology / Uitgave 1/2009
Print ISSN: 2730-7166
Elektronisch ISSN: 2730-7174
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-008-9270-4

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