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01-10-2009 | Artikelen

De ziekte van Parkinson: motorische symptomen, cognitieve beperkingen en depressie

Auteurs: dr. Janneke Koerts, prof. dr. Wiebo Brouwer

Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis | Uitgave 5/2009

Samenvatting

De ziekte van Parkinson kenmerkt zich door een progressieve degeneratie van dopamine producerende neuronen in de substantia nigra. Dit heeft een tekort aan dopamine in het striatum (putamen, nucleus caudatus en nucleus accumbens) en een disfunctioneren van de circuits tussen het striatum en de frontale cortex tot gevolg. De ziekte van Parkinson wordt gekenmerkt door motorische en cognitieve functiebeperkingen. Daarnaast is er bij deze ziekte vaak sprake van depressie, met een prevalentie van ongeveer 40% (Cummings & Masterman, 1999). De motorische functiebeperkingen zijn waarschijnlijk het meest karakteristiek, met symptomen als bradykinesie (verlangzaming van de bewegingen), akinesie (bewegingsarmoede), tremoren en rigiditeit. Vooral de automatische of routinematige aspecten van beweging en houdingsaanpassing, zoals het meebewegen van de armen tijdens het lopen en omdraaien in bed, zijn bij de ziekte van Parkinson aangedaan, terwijl bewust gecontroleerde, doelgerichte bewegingen, zoals het bewegen van een enkel gewricht, relatief minder aangedaan zijn. Beperkingen in de automatische informatieverwerking zijn ook aanwezig in het cognitieve domein, maar deze zijn veel minder zichtbaar dan de beperkingen in de gecontroleerde informatieverwerking of het executieve functioneren.

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Titel: De ziekte van Parkinson: motorische symptomen, cognitieve beperkingen en depressie
Auteurs: dr. Janneke Koerts
prof. dr. Wiebo Brouwer
Publicatiedatum: 01-10-2009
Uitgeverij: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in: Neuropraxis / Uitgave 5/2009
Print ISSN: 1387-5817
Elektronisch ISSN: 1876-5785
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03080163

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