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Gepubliceerd in: GZ - Psychologie 4/2010

01-06-2010 | Wetenschap

De samenhang tussen werkkenmerken en psychopathologische karakteristieken op het werkfunctioneren bij mensen met depressies of angststoornissen

Depressies en angststoornissen op het werk

Auteurs: Dr. I. Plaisier, prof. dr. B.W.J.H. Penninx

Gepubliceerd in: GZ - Psychologie | Uitgave 4/2010

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Samenvatting

In dit artikel worden uitkomsten beschreven van twee studies naar werkfunctioneren bij mensen met depressies en angststoornissen met gegevens van de Nederlandse studie naar depressieve en angststoornissen (NESDA< n=2981). Er werden twee verschillende indicatoren van werkfunctioneren gebruikt, te weten werkverzuim en de werkuitvoering op dagen dat ondanks gezondheidsklachten wel wordt gewerkt. De rol van psychosociale werkkenmerken, en werkuren werd onderzocht bij 1522 werkende mensen met en zonder psychopathologie. De rol van psychopathologische details, zoals type en ernst van de stoornis, werd onderzocht onder 1035 werkende mensen met een huidige depressie of angststoornis. Huidige depressieve stoornissen verhogen het risico voor langdurig ziekteverzuim ruim 6 keer, en het risico voor verstoorde werkuitvoering met de factor 5. Het effect van depressieve stoornissen is sterker dan van angststoornissen. De ernst van de symptomen vertoont een dosis respons effect met verminderd werkfunctioneren: naar mate de ernst van de stoornis toeneemt, neemt het werkfunctioneren van de werknemer af. Het hebben van veel controle over het werk en veel sociale steun op het werk bleken gunstige factoren voor het werkfunctioneren. Ook depressieve en angststoornissen in remissie zijn geassocieerd met verminderd werkfunctioneren. Naast preventie en behandeling van depressies en angststoornissen zijn ook psychosociale werkfactoren mogelijke aangrijpingspunten om het werkfunctioneren bij mensen met angst en depressies te verbeteren en hoge kosten door productieverlies op het werk te kunnen helpen verminderen.
Voetnoten
1
Depressieve stoornissen waren: major depressie en dysthymie. De angststoornissen die in dit onderzoek zijn gemeten waren: paniek stoornis met of zonder agorafobie, sociale fobie en gegeneraliseerde angststoornis..
 
2
De schaal werkdruk bevatte 5 items (snel werken, hard werken, voldoende tijd om het werk te doen, repetitief werk, een ‘gekkenhuis’ op het werk) en had een Cronbach’s Alpha van 0.75. Controle hebben op het werk bestond uit een schaal van 13 items (o.a. kan zelf volgorde van taken bepalen; kan het werk onderbreken; deskundigheid vereist; ontplooiingsmogelijkheden) met een Cronbach’s Alpha van 0.77. De Cronbach’s Alpha van de subschaal sociale steun op het werk was 0.82 en bevatte 8 items (o.a. goede sfeer op het werk, kan hulp krijgen, steun van leidinggevende).
 
3
Somatische aandoening werd gebaseerd op het aantal zelf gerapporteerde aandoeningen zoals hartziekten, diabetes, beroerte, artritis, kanker, hypertensie, maag darmstoornissen, leverziekten, epilepsie, chronische long aandoeningen, allergie en letsel.)
 
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Metagegevens
Titel
De samenhang tussen werkkenmerken en psychopathologische karakteristieken op het werkfunctioneren bij mensen met depressies of angststoornissen
Depressies en angststoornissen op het werk
Auteurs
Dr. I. Plaisier
prof. dr. B.W.J.H. Penninx
Publicatiedatum
01-06-2010
Uitgeverij
Bohn Stafleu van Loghum
Gepubliceerd in
GZ - Psychologie / Uitgave 4/2010
Print ISSN: 1879-5080
Elektronisch ISSN: 1879-5099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s41480-010-0042-8

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